Test: Spectrum - Class 10 MCQ

Radio waves have the longest wavelength among all electromagnetic radiations. They are used in various technologies, including television and radio communications, due to their ability to cover large distances.

Red light is deviated the least when passing through a prism due to its longer wavelength. In contrast, violet light, with its shorter wavelength, is deviated the most. This difference in deviation illustrates the phenomenon of dispersion, where different wavelengths of light are bent by varying amounts.

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation can lead to skin cancer. UV rays can damage the DNA in skin cells, increasing the risk of developing cancerous growths.

The speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is 3 × 10⁸ m/s. This speed is constant for all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, radio waves, and gamma rays.

Infrared radiation does not affect ordinary photographic film. However, it can affect specially treated films designed to be sensitive to infrared light, which is useful in various imaging applications.

Gamma rays are primarily used in medical science to kill cancer cells. Their high energy allows them to penetrate tissues effectively, making them useful in radiation therapy for cancer treatment.

As light exits the second surface of a prism, it refracts and further separates into different colors due to varying angles of deviation. This effect is responsible for the formation of a spectrum.

Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves, which means they do not require a material medium for propagation. This allows them to travel through a vacuum, such as space, at the speed of light.

Microwaves are primarily used for satellite communication due to their ability to penetrate the atmosphere and carry signals over long distances. They occupy a frequency range suitable for transmitting data efficiently.

Ultraviolet radiation is commonly used for sterilization purposes because it effectively kills bacteria and viruses by damaging their DNA. This application is vital in medical settings and water purification processes.

Energy increases from red to violet. Violet light has shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies compared to red light, which results in higher energy according to the equation E = hν, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and ν is frequency.

In a medium, the speed of light decreases as the wavelength decreases. This relationship is crucial in understanding how different colors of light behave as they pass through various materials, leading to phenomena like dispersion.

X-rays are primarily used in medical diagnostics to detect fractures in bones. Their ability to penetrate soft tissues while being absorbed by denser materials like bone makes them ideal for imaging.

The total angle of deviation (δ) produced by a triangular prism is determined by the angle of incidence at the first surface, the angle of the prism (A), and the refractive index of the material of the prism (μ). This relationship highlights how light behaves differently when transitioning between mediums.

The correct order of colors in the spectrum from shortest to longest wavelength is Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, and Red. This order can be remembered with the acronym VIBGYOR.

Microwaves are used in cooking, particularly in microwave ovens. They excite water molecules in food, causing them to heat up quickly and cook the food efficiently.

The transverse nature of electromagnetic waves allows them to propagate without being affected by electric and magnetic fields. This is a defining characteristic of electromagnetic radiation, distinguishing it from other types of waves.

The splitting of white light into its constituent colors by a prism is known as dispersion. This occurs because different wavelengths of light refract at different angles when they pass through the prism, leading to a spectrum of colors.

Ultraviolet radiation is known for its ability to cause fluorescence in materials such as zinc sulfide. This property is utilized in various applications, including fluorescent lamps and UV curing processes.

Ultraviolet radiation can pass through quartz but is absorbed by glass. This property is important in applications such as sterilization, where UV light is used to kill bacteria.