Olympiad Test: Respiration in Organisms - UPSC MCQ

In plants, exchange of gases takes place through stomata which is present of leaf surface in form of small pores.

Oxidation of food inside the cell takes place in mitochondria in which energy is released in form of ATP.

Haemoglobin is present in red blood cells that give red colour to blood and carry oxygen.

Glucose is called as instant source of energy because glucose neednot be digested and directly get oxidised to give energy.

The thoracic cavity is surrounded by a bony skeleton, with 12 ribs on each side originating from their respective thoracic vertebrae posteriorly and extending anteriorly. The upper seven ribs are connected directly to the sternum via their respective costal cartilages, whereas the 8th to 10th ribs are connected to the sternum via a fused common costal cartilage and the lower two ribs remain free floating and unconnected with the sternum. This skeletal structure provides optimal protection to the intrathoracic organs against all but the most significant trauma.

Haemoglobin carries oxygen molecules as oxyhaemoglobin. Each molecule of haemoglobin combine with four atoms of oxygen.

Earthworm breathes through skin. Earthworm is found in moist soil to keep skin soft and moist.

The muscular floor of chest cavity is called 'diaphragm'.

Diaphragm is the muscular structure, located throughout the bottom of the thoracic cavity.

It separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity which contains the heart and the lungs.

The diaphragm in our body is symmetrical, where the right half is a little higher than the left half.

Voice box is responsible for producing sound in human beings. It is present in larynx.

Alcohol is obtained by anaerobic fermentation of Sugar in which incomplete oxidation of food takes place to release carbon dioxide and alcohol.

The muscular partition between thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity is called the diaphragm, which is known as the primary inspiratory muscle that accounts for greater than 50% of tidal volume. It is required for quiet breathing. In addition to this, the muscle is shaped like a dome and is located in the inner ribs.

The minute pores present on the surface of leaves are called stomata. Exchange of gases takes place through stomata.

Lime water is used to test the carbon dioxide gas in inhaled air because lime water turns milky in presence of carbon dioxide.

Small thin walled balloon like structure that help in exchange of gasses are called alveoli. Lung is made of large number of alveoli.

The air tube in insect is called tracheae. Insects respire through trachea.

Glucose is considered as biological fuel as all animals obtain energy by oxidation of glucose.

Snakes breathe through lungs as snakes are terrestrial animal.

Frogs breathe through their skin as well as their lungs for the following reasons:

-It is an amphibious animal that can live both in water and land.

-On land, lungs play a very important role in the respiration process by inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide

-When frogs are inside the water, they breathe through the skin.

Stomata are surrounded by a pair of guard cell that control the opening and closing of stomata.

On an average, adult human being during rest breaths 15-18 times a minute. Which increase during exercise and running.