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Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - UPSC MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE - Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons

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Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 1

Which of the following is undergoing the substitution reaction?

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 1

Conversion of methane to Carbon tetrachloride is a substitution reaction as hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine atoms.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 2

The following chemical reaction shows the addition of chlorine to methane in the presence of sunlight:
CH4 + Cl2 → X
What is likely to be the product of the reaction represented by “X”?

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 2

Product of the reaction represented by "X":
The likely product of the reaction represented by "X" is CH3Cl + HCl.

Explanation:
1. The given reaction shows the addition of chlorine (Cl2) to methane (CH4) in the presence of sunlight.
2. The reaction will result in the substitution of one hydrogen atom in methane with one chlorine atom, forming a chlorine-substituted methyl group.
3. The chlorine atom will replace one hydrogen atom in methane, resulting in the formation of CH3Cl (methyl chloride).
4. Since the reaction involves the addition of chlorine (Cl2), it is likely that a byproduct of the reaction will be HCl (hydrochloric acid).
5. Therefore, the product of the reaction represented by "X" is CH3Cl + HCl.

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Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 3

Unsaturated carbon compounds on combustion give:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 3

Unsaturated hydrocarbons like ethyne also known as acetylene burn to produce a yellow sooty flame due to incomplete combustion in air.

The flame is sooty because the percentage of carbon is comparatively higher than that of alkanes and so does not get completely oxidized in air.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 4

The products obtained after the combustion of methane are:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 4

CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g)+ Heat + Light

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 5

Which of the following belongs to a homologous series of alkynes?

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 5

Homologous Series of Alkynes
Alkynes are a type of hydrocarbon compound that contains a carbon-carbon triple bond. They belong to a homologous series, which means that they have a similar chemical structure and follow a specific pattern in their molecular formula. Each member of the homologous series differs from the previous member by a repeating unit of -CH2-.
The molecular formula for alkynes can be represented as CnH2n-2, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Identifying the Alkyne
Out of the given options, only one compound belongs to the homologous series of alkynes based on the molecular formula:
B: C3H4
Let's analyze the molecular formula of each option to identify the alkyne:
A: C6H6 - This molecular formula represents benzene, an aromatic compound. It does not contain a carbon-carbon triple bond, so it is not an alkyne.
B: C3H4 - This molecular formula satisfies the general formula for alkynes (CnH2n-2). It represents a three-carbon alkyne with the molecular formula C3H4. Therefore, option B belongs to the homologous series of alkynes.
C: C2H6 - This molecular formula represents ethane, which is an alkane. Alkanes do not have carbon-carbon triple bonds, so they are not alkynes.
D: C2H4 - This molecular formula represents ethene, which is an alkene. Alkenes have a carbon-carbon double bond, but not a triple bond like alkynes.

Conclusion
Based on the given options, only option B (C3H4) belongs to the homologous series of alkynes. It satisfies the molecular formula for alkynes (CnH2n-2) and represents a three-carbon alkyne.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 6

Which of the following hydrocarbon does not undergo addition reaction?​

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 6

Because it is a saturated hydrocarbon and saturated ones doesn't go addition. But it will undergo substitution reaction.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 7

The oxidising agent used to convert alcohols into carboxylic acid is:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 7

Alkaline potassium permanganate is a good oxidising agent.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 8

In the hydrogenation of vegetable oils, the unsaturated hydrocarbons generally add hydrogen in the presence of:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 8

Addition of hydrogen across C-C double bonds is called hydrogenation. Unsaturated hydrocarbons add hydrogen in the presence of catalysts such as nickel/palladium to give saturated hydrocarbons. Vegetable oils used for cooking are long unsaturated hydrocarbons which are healthy.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 9

While cooking, if the bottom of the vessel is getting blackened on the outside, it means that:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 9

Incomplete combustion of fuel gives out sooty flame which contains unburnt carbon particles which deposits on the bottom of cooking utensils.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 10

The reaction in which oxidising agents supply nascent oxygen for oxidation of alcohols to their respective acids is known as:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 10

Oxidation is gain of oxygen. In this reaction oxygen is added to the reactant to form product. 

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 11

The cooking gas used in our homes is mainly an:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 11

Saturated hydrocarbons contain C-C single bond and on complete combustion they produce large amounts of heat. The cooking gas used in house is Butane (C4H10) known as LPG or Methane (CH4) known as CNG.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 12

The molecular formula of benzene is:​

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 12

The chemical formula of benzene is C6H6, so it has six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 13

CH2=CH2 + H2 → CH3-CH3 is an example of:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 13

The reaction in which an element or molecule is added to unsaturated hydrocarbons is called addition reaction.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 14

The conversion of butene to butane in presence of nickel is an example of:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 14

The reaction in which an element or molecule is added to unsaturated hydrocarbons is called addition reaction. In the above reaction unsaturated hydrocarbon is converted into saturated hydrocarbon.

Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 15

The number of isomer of pentane is:

Detailed Solution for Test: Properties of Hydrocarbons - Question 15

Pentane (C5H12) is an organic compound with five carbon atoms. Pentane has three structural isomers that are n-pentane, Iso-pentane (methyl butane), and neopentane (dimethylpropane).

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