Rajasthan PTET Mock Test - 2 - REET MCQ

• A : B : C = 150 : 75 : 100 = 6 : 3 : 4
• A : B : C = 6 : 3 : 4
• 
• Hence, Option D is correct.

Bigger number : Smaller number = 27 : 20

Hence, Option B is correct.

Base area = length * breadth = 20 sq.cm
Now,
Volume of cuboid = length * breadth * height
Volume = 20 * height
200 = 20 * height
Height = 200 / 20 = 10 cm.

The question 'What specialities of Einstein impressed you the most and why?' is most appropriate to evaluate the thought process of a student as it takes into consideration student's thinking. This makes students to choose from among multiple answers and hence they could be engaged in thinking rationally. The answers that come out are also subjective, unlike the direct questions, which fail to evaluate the thought process of students.

Adults are characterized by maturity, self-confidence, autonomy, solid decision-making, and are generally more practical, multi-tasking, purposeful, self-directed, experienced, and less open-minded and receptive to change. All these traits affect their motivation, as well as their ability to learn.

Adult Learner's Traits:

Problem and results-oriented:

• Adult learners are usually practical, resent theory, need information that can be immediately applicable to their problems or professional needs, and generally prefer practical knowledge that will improve their skills, facilitate their work and boost their confidence.
• This is why it’s important to create a course that will cover their individual needs and have more utilitarian content.

Self-direction:

• Adults feel the need to take responsibility for their lives and decisions and this is why it’s important for them to have control over their learning.
• Therefore, self-assessment, a peer relationship with the instructor, multiple options and initial, yet subtle support are all imperative.

Less open-minded:

• And therefore more resistant to change.
• Maturity and profound life experiences usually lead to rigidity, which is the enemy of learning.
• Thus, instructional designers need to provide the “why” behind the change, new concepts that can be linked to already established ones, and promote the need to explore.

Slower learning, yet more integrative knowledge: 

• Aging does affect learning.
• Adults tend to learn less rapidly with age.
• However, the depth of learning tends to increase over time, navigating knowledge and skills to unprecedented personal levels.

Motivation:

• Learning in adulthood is usually voluntary.
• Thus, it’s a personal choice to attend school, in order to improve job skills and achieve professional growth.
• This motivation is the driving force behind learning and this is why it’s crucial to tap into a learner’s intrinsic impetus with the right thought-provoking material that will question conventional wisdom and stimulate his mind.

High expectations:

• Adult learners have high expectations.
• They want to be taught about things that will be useful to their work, expect to have immediate results, seek a course that will worth their while, and not be a waste of their time or money.
• This is why it’s important to create a course that will maximize their advantages, meet their individual needs, and address all the learning challenges.
• Young Learners are mostly Future-Oriented as they are more worried and conscious about how their course decisions will impact their career in the future.

Thus, being future-oriented is not the characteristics of adult learner.

National Education Policy (July 29, 2020) was finalized after reviewing the suggestions Kasturirangan committee, its vision is to develop a Bharat-centric knowledge society. A society that has its roots in eternal Bhartiya Sanskriti and looking forward to moving with the world. 

Key Points The NEP 2020 stipulated that the three-language formula would be maintained while keeping in mind the Constitution, the aspirations of the people, regions, and the Union, and the necessity to encourage multilingualism as well as national unity.

• It stipulates that the three-language formula would be more flexible, that no language will be imposed on any state, and that one of its key priorities will be the promotion of regional languages.
• In light of the foregoing, the Rajasthan State Council of Educational Research and Training (RSCERT) developed a new curriculum that includes three languages: Hindi, English, and the local dialect/ languages.
• The central government recognizes 18 dialects from the state of Rajasthan, hence the state government has the authority to choose any of these 18 dialects in different regions.

Thus, it can be inferred that as per the NEP 2020, the Rajasthan government has decided to come up with a new syllabus that includes 3 languages, which are Hindi, English, and local languages.

School principal fulfils many roles and dealing with students' disruptive behaviour is among the least preferred by them. So, the teacher must try to discipline the students using various means like assigning responsibility to the undisciplined, finding out the underlying cause of his behaviour, and so on. Only after she has done everything without any effect on the student should she send the student to the principal.

Education Policy lays particular emphasis on the development of the creative potential of each individual. It is based on the principle that education must develop not only cognitive capacities - both the ‘foundational capacities ’of literacy and numeracy and ‘higher-order’ cognitive capacities, such as critical thinking and problem solving – but also social, ethical, and emotional capacities and dispositions.

National Education Policy 2020-

According to NEP 2020, A good educational institution is one in which every student feels welcomed and cared for, where a safe and stimulating learning environment exists, where a wide range of learning experiences are offered, and where good physical infrastructure and appropriate resources conducive to learning are available to all students.

Key PointsSome important fundamental principles of the NEP 2020 are- 

• Full equity and inclusion as the cornerstone of all educational decisions to ensure that all students are able to thrive in the education system.
• It includes the overall development of the leader, it covers all three aspects as Cognitive domain, affective domain, and psychomotor domain.
• Promoting self-assessment and the peer assessment done by the student in the classroom.
• Focus on regular formative assessment for learning rather than the summative assessment that encourages today’s ‘coaching culture. It promotes 360- degree multidimensional progress report cards on the basis of different methods of assessments.
• Respect for diversity and respect for the local context in all curriculum, pedagogy, and policy, always keeping in mind that education is a concurrent subject.
• Emphasis on conceptual understanding rather than rote learning and learning-for-exams.
• Creativity and critical thinking encourage logical decision-making and innovation.
• Establishment of the linkage of the concepts with the environment or we can say that the linkage of the school with the home.
• Promoting multilingualism and the power of language in teaching and learning.
• It emphasizes group work as well as individual work, NEP 2020 links the study to the curriculum.

So that we can conclude that 360- degree multidimensional progress report cards follow National Education Policy 2020 proposes in the content of the assessment.

Predicting, Questioning, Clarifying and Summarizing are the components of reciprocal teaching activity.

Socialisation of a child can be measured by social welfare method. 

Resolution for the Indian Constitution by Indian National Congress:
The Indian National Congress, one of the major political organizations in India during the colonial period, played a significant role in the struggle for independence. The resolution for the Indian Constitution was adopted by the Indian National Congress in 1931, at the Karachi session. Here is a detailed explanation:
Background:
- The demand for a separate constitution for India had been growing since the early 1920s.
- The Simon Commission, appointed by the British government, had proposed certain constitutional reforms, but it was met with strong opposition as it did not include Indian representation.
Adoption of Resolution:
- The Indian National Congress held its session in Karachi in 1931.
- During this session, the resolution for the Indian Constitution was adopted.
- The resolution aimed to outline the principles and aspirations for an independent India and its constitution.
Key Points of the Resolution:
- The resolution demanded that the constitution of India should be framed by a representative body elected on the basis of adult franchise.
- It emphasized the importance of fundamental rights, including freedom of speech, expression, and religion.
- The resolution called for the abolition of untouchability and equal rights for all citizens.
- It also advocated for the establishment of a decentralized federal structure, with autonomous provinces enjoying self-governance.
Significance:
- The adoption of the resolution was an important step towards the framing of a constitution for independent India.
- It provided a clear vision and direction for the future constitutional development of the country.
- The resolution reflected the aspirations of the Indian National Congress and the Indian people for a democratic and inclusive constitution.
In conclusion, the Indian National Congress adopted the resolution for the Indian Constitution in 1931 at the Karachi session. This resolution laid the foundation for the constitutional development of independent India and emphasized principles such as adult franchise, fundamental rights, and a decentralized federal structure.

Adani Total Energies Biomass Limited (ATBL), a subsidiary of Adani Total Gas Limited (ATGL), has commissioned the first phase of Barsana BioGas plant in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The project, developed in three phases, will have a total capacity of 600 tonnes per day, producing 42 tonnes per day of Compressed Biogas (CBG) and 217 tonnes per day of organic fertilizer. It’s set to be India’s largest agri-waste-based bio-CNG plant, costing over ₹200 crore, utilizing advanced anaerobic digestion technology for sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

• In Pakistan, agriculture occupies about 60 percent of the labor force and its products account for 25 percent of the GDP. 
• Cotton is the main product of the country. Other crops are wheat, rice, or sugarcane, and some farmers are beginning to look to more profitable crops, like fruit or vegetables. 
• The country has limited reserves of oil and natural gas. 
• Pakistan’s major chemical industry is built on deposits of gypsum, rock salt, and soda ash. 
• Fishing is also important on the coast but is not as well organized.
• This country have a bulk salt range.

A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. Legislatures form important parts of most governments; in the separation of powers model, they are often contrasted with the executive and judicial branches of government.

The city of Kishangarh in Ajmer district of Rajasthan is called the ‘Marble city of India’. Recently the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) today flagged off the first-ever thrice-weekly flight from Indore to Kishangarh, under the RCS-UDAN scheme.
Star Air has been awarded the Indore-Kishangarh route during the UDAN 3 bidding process. With this route, the Civil Aviation Ministry has operationalised 268 routes under the UDAN scheme.

• The Kingdom of Anga was indeed a powerful entity before being conquered by Bimbisara, making statement 1 correct.
• Avanti, with its capital at Ujjain, was a significant competitor, partly due to its access to iron deposits, which made it a rival in military capabilities, so statement 2 is correct.
• Magadha's economic prosperity was significantly boosted by its agricultural productivity due to the fertile alluvial soil of the middle Gangetic plain, contrary to statement 3, which underestimates agriculture's role.

• Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka: Indian Peace Keeping Force was sent by Rajiv Gandhi, as part of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord signed in 1987.
• Shimla Agreement: The Shimla Agreement was brokered by Indira Gandhi to end hostilities and normalize relations between India and Pakistan after the 1971 war. However, it did not resolve the Kashmir issue, leading to ongoing tensions.
• Lahore Declaration: The Lahore Declaration was signed by Atal B. Vajpayee during his tenure as Prime Minister.
• Act East Policy: The Act East Policy is a foreign policy initiative of Narendra Modi aimed at strengthening India's relations with Southeast Asian countries.

The correct answer is option 1, where (A) - (II), (B) - (I), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV).

नित्य (हमेशा), यह समय यानि की काल की विशेषता को बता रहा है इसीलिए कालवाचक क्रिया विशेषण

सही उत्तर है - ‘अचल’।

• पृथ्वी का पर्यायवाची शब्द अचल नहीं होगा।
• अन्य विकल्प इला, अचला और अवनि पृथ्वी के पर्यायवाची शब्द है।

Key Points

• पृथ्वी के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द : महि, मेदिनी, धरा, रसा, वसुन्धरा, विकेशी, क्षमा, धरती, धरणी आदि।​
• अचल के पर्यायवाची शब्द : भूधर, महीधर, नगपति, शिखर, अद्री, तुंग, धरणीधर, पर्वत, पहाड़, गिरी आदि।

Additional Informationसमानार्थी शब्द:

• वे शब्द जिनका अर्थ एक समान होता हैं समानार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।
  समानर्थी शब्द को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द भी कहते है। ‘पर्याय’ का अर्थ है ‘समान’ तथा ‘वाची’ का अर्थ है ‘बोले जाने वाले’ अर्थात
  समान बोले जाने वाले शब्दों को हम पर्यायवाची शब्द या समानार्थी शब्द कहते है।

पर्यायवाची शब्द के उदाहरण :

• पत्नी- भार्या, दारा, अर्धांगनी, वामा, गृहिणी, बहू, वधू, कलत्र, प्राणप्रिया।
• दोस्त- बन्धु, मित्र, साथी, यार, सखा, हितैषी, अंतरंग।
• बसंत- ऋतुराज, ऋतुपति ,मधुमास ,कुसुमाकर।

• उसके घर के पास एक मिठाई की दुकान है यह वाक्य उच्चारण और व्याकरणिक दृष्टि से अशुद्ध है।
• अत: अशुद्ध वाक्य का सही विकल्प 3 ही होगा।
• अन्य वाक्य वर्तनी और व्याकरणिक त्रुटी रहित है।

“यदि हमें जीवन में कुछ प्राप्त करना है तो पुरुषार्थ को अपने जीवन का लक्ष्य बनाना चाहिए” व्याकरण की दृष्टि से एक शुद्ध वाक्य है।

अन्य विकल्प -

• विश्वानाथ अपने परिवारियों के साथ किसी महानगर में एक छोटे तंग मकान में रहता है - इस वाक्य में परिवारियों के स्थान पर परिवार शब्द उपयुक्त होगा। 
• कई सालों से निर्मला के मन में तीर्थयात्राओं की बड़ी लालसा थी - इस वाक्य में तीर्थयात्राओं के स्थान पर तीर्थयात्रा शब्द आएगा। 
• गर्मी की उमस होने के बाद वर्षा शुरू होने को हुई - इस वाक्य में गर्मी की उमस के स्थान पर केवल 'उमस' शब्द ही आएगा। 

“लता मंगेशकर गाती है।” – इस वाक्य में क्रिया सामान्य वर्तमान काल का बोध करा रही है।

• यहाँ पर 'गाने के' कार्य से पूर्णता और अपूर्णता का पता नही चल रहा है, अत: यह सामान्य वर्तमान काल के अंतर्गत आएगा।
• जिस क्रिया से क्रिया के सामान्य रूप का वर्तमान में होने का पता चलता है, उसे सामान्य वर्तमान काल कहते हैं।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता है, ती है, ते है, ता हूँ, ती हूँ आदि आते हैं उसे सामान्य वर्तमान काल कहते है।

जैसे -

• गरिमा कविता लिखती है।
• चिडि़या आसमान में उड़ती है।

Key Points

बल-वल इसका सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 ताकत-मेघ​ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित हैं।
Key Points

• बल का अर्थ – ताकत
• वल का अर्थ – मेघ

Additional Information

उपर्युक्त में से उत्क्षिप्त व्यंजन है - 'ड़, ढ़'

• उत्क्षिप्त का अर्थ होता है फेंकना या फेंका हुआ है।
• अतः वें व्यंजन जिनके उच्चारण में जिह्वा का अग्र भाग वेग से ऊपर उठकर मूर्धा से टकराकर तुरन्त उसी वेग से नीचे लौट आता है,
• उन्हें उत्क्षिप्त व्यंजन के साथ ताड़नजात व्यंजन या द्विस्पृष्ट व्यंजन भी कहते हैं।
• सिर्फ 'ड़, ढ़' ताड़नजात व्यंजन या द्विस्पृष्ट व्यंजन कहते हैं।न

Key Pointsकुछ महत्वपूर्ण वर्ण के उच्चारण-स्थान:-

• कंठ्य (गले से) :- क, ख, ग, घ, ङ
• तालव्य (कठोर तालु से) :- च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, य, श
• मूर्धन्य (कठोर तालु के अगले भाग से) :- ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, ड़, ढ़, ष
• दंत्य (दाँतों से) :- त, थ, द, ध, न
• वर्त्स्य (दाँतों के मूल से) :- स, र, ल
• ओष्ठय (दोनों होंठों से) :- प, फ, फ़, ब, भ, म
• दंतौष्ठय (निचले होंठ व ऊपरी दाँतों से) :- व

विकल्प 3 "टी" सही है।

Key Points

• बहू + टी = बहुटी
• अतः ‘बहुटी’ में ‘टी’ प्रत्यय और ‘बहू’ मूल शब्द है।
• यहाँ पर मूल शब्द ‘बहू’ एक संज्ञा-विशेषण है जिसमें तद्धित प्रत्यय (ऊनवाचक तद्धितान्त संज्ञाए) ‘टी’ जुडने से बना शब्द ‘बहुटी’ ऊनवाचक संज्ञा शब्द कहा जाएगा।
• अन्य विकल्प निरर्थक हैं।

Additional Information

• “वे अविकारी शब्दांश जो शब्दों के अंत में जुड़कर उनमें विशेषता या परिवर्तन लाते हैं, प्रत्यय कहलाते हैं। प्रत्यय को परसर्ग भी कहा जाता है।”
  • उदाहरण - आइन (पण्डित + आइन = पण्डिताइन)।
• 'आइन' शब्द उदाहरण का कोई ख़ास अर्थ नहीं होता है, लेकिन जब यही शब्द पण्डित शब्द के पीछे लगता है तो पण्डित शब्द का अर्थ बदल देता है।

सही उत्तर है - “देख रहा था।”

• अशुद्ध वाक्य:- मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा देख रहा था।
• शुद्ध वाक्य:- मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा कर रहा था।

Key Points

• ‘मैं दो घंटे से आपकी प्रतीक्षा देख रहा था' वाक्य में ‘देख’ शब्द वाक्य अशुद्धि का कारण है।
• अत: वाक्य में वर्तनी संबंधी अशुद्धता है।

Additional Information

• अशुद्ध वाक्यों में एक से अधिक विषय और एक से अधिक क्रिया होती है।
• दूसरी ओर, अशुद्ध वाक्यों में त्रुटियाँ या गलतियाँ हो सकती हैं।
• शुद्ध वाक्यों में एक ही विषय और एक क्रिया होती है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य वे हैं जो किसी भी त्रुटि या गलतियों से मुक्त हैं।

Important Points

• वर्तनी वाले शब्द का अर्थ:- भाषा के किसी शब्द को को लिखने में प्रयुक्त वर्णों के सही क्रम को वर्तनी कहते हैं।
• भाषा की समस्त ध्वनियोँ को सही तरीके से उच्चारण करने के लिए वर्तनी की एकरुपता स्थापित की जाती है।

सही उत्तर सदाचार है।

Key Points

• सदाचार 'स' उपसर्ग से निर्मित शब्द नही है।
• ‘सदाचार’ शब्द में “सत्” उपसर्ग है।
• “आचार” मूल शब्द है = सत्+आचार - सदाचार
• उपसर्ग की परिभाषा- जो शब्दांश शब्दों के पूर्व अर्थात पहले जुड़कर उनके अर्थ में कुछ विशेषता लाते हैं, वे उपसर्ग कहलाते हैं |
• जैसे – प्र (प्रबल) परा (पराजय) सम् (संचय) इत्यादि |

Additional Information

 

मैं आजकल घूमने जाता हूँ।शुद्ध वाक्य है। Key Points

• वाक्य शुद्धि - लिखने एवं बोलने में इस बात का ध्यान रखना कि जो कुछ भी लिखा या कहा जा रहा है वह बिल्कुल सार्थक एवं व्याकरण के नियमानुसार शुद्ध हो।
• उदाहरण - मुझे यह अच्छा नही लगता।

Additional Information

अन्य उदाहरण -

सही उत्तर 'किसलय' है।

Key Points

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से 'किसलय' शब्द पुष्प का पर्यायवाची शब्द नहीं है।
• किसलय के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं- कोंपल, अँखुआ, नवपल्लव, अंकुर, कल्ला, प्रतान, विस्तार, लतातंतु, फैलाव, लता।
• पुष्प के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं- फूल, सुमन, मंजरी, प्रसून, पुहुप।

Additional Information

विकल्प 4 में त्रुटि है।

Key Points

• ‘सत्य और अहिंसा के पुजारी है', भूतकाल की दृष्टि से वाक्य का यह भाग त्रुटिपूर्ण है।
• ‘है’ की जगह यहाँ ‘थे’ क्रिया का प्रयोग होना चाहिए।
• शेष अन्य सभी विकल्प त्रुटिरहित हैं।

Additional Information

• वर्तनी- लिखने की रीति को वर्तनी या अक्षरी कहते हैं। यदि उच्चारण अशुद्ध होता है तो वर्तनी भी अशुद्ध होती है। प्रायः अपनी मातृभाषा या बोली के कारण तथा व्याकरण संबंधी ज्ञान की कमी के कारण उच्चारण में अशुद्धियाँ आ जाती हैं जिसके कारण वर्तनी में भी अशुद्धियाँ आ जाती हैं।
• अशुद्धियाँ कई प्रकार की होती हैं, जैसे -

1. स्वर संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
2. अनुस्वार– अनुनासिक संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
3. विसर्ग संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
4. व्यंजन संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
5. अमानक रूप संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
6. लिंग संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
7. कारक संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
8. सर्वनाम संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ
9. काल संबंधी अशुद्धियाँ