Test: Components of Food

• Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most common causes of night blindness.
• An insufficient amount of vitamin A in the body affects the production of rhodopsin, the necessary pigment for night vision. 

Hence, the correct answer is Option C.

• The deficiency of Calcium in the body leads to the decay of bones and teeth.
• Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness.
• Iron deficiency causes Anemia.
• Deficiency of Iodine cause Goitre.

Hence, the correct answer is Option D.

Test for Carbohydrates:

• Take small quantity of the food item to be tested on a porcelain tile.
• Dilute it with two drops of water.
• Put 2-3 drops of iodine solution on it.
• Observe the colour of the food item.
• Change of colour in the food item into blue-black indicates the presence of starch in the food item.

Hence, Iodine solution is used to test the presence of starch in a food item by observing the colour change.

Test for Proteins:

• Take a small quantity of the food item to be tested.
• Grind the food item and powder it by mashing.
• Put the food item into a test tube.
• Add 10 drops of water into the same test tube.
• Add two drops of copper sulphate solution to the same test tube.
• Add 10 drops of caustic soda solution and shake the same test tube.
• Observe the colour of the mixture.
• Violet colour indicates the presence of proteins in the tested food item.

Test for Fats:

• Take a small quantity of the food item to be tested.
• Wrap the food item in a small piece of paper.
• Crush the food item wrapped in the paper.
• Straighten the paper.
• Dry the paper by keeping it in sunlight for a while. Observe the paper.
• An oily patch on the paper indicates the presence of fat in the tested food item.
• Vitamins are required in trace amounts, and play a major role in protection against diseases. They have lesser nutritive value, but we cannot say that they don’t have any nutritional value.

Hence, the answer is Option A.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin found in fruits and vegetables, including oranges, strawberries, broccoli, tomatoes, and green peppers. It is easily destroyed by excessive heat and water, as well as exposure to air.

Hence, Option C is the correct answer.

Roughage is a non-nutritive food component of the diet but it is very essential. It is referred to as dietary fiber. Fruits are the most common source of roughage.

Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Butter and ghee are major source of fats consumed by human beings.

Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Properly balanced food keeps us in good health as it contains the entire nutrient in appropriate quantity.

Hence, option B is the correct answer.

The ingredients containing some components essential for the body are called nutrients. Common nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.

Haemoglobin is essential for the transport of oxygen in the blood. Iron is required for the formation of haemoglobin.

Hence, the correct answer is Option D.

• Carbohydrates are energy-producing foods which give energy by breakdown of glucose.
• Proteins are said to be body-building foods as they build the muscle mass of the body.
• Vitamins and minerals which are considered as micronutrients which are required in very little quantities can be considered as protective foods. They allow the food we eat to be properly absorbed by our body and also provides immunity against diseases.

Hence, the correct answer is Option B.