Test: Plant Kingdom - 2 - UPSC MCQ

A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place. Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of a plant and are responsible for growth

Allium cepa is onion. Solanum tuberosum is potato, Solanum melongena is Brinjal. The phenomenon given in this question is shown by Mangrove Plants and is known as Vivipary and Rhizophora belongs to that category.

Pipe Plant is a total saprophyte i.e. thrives on dead or decayed organic matter.

Axon is the long, thin hair like part arising from the cell body of the neuron. 
Dendrites are short, branched parts arising from the cell body or cyton. Dendrites are many in number.  
Cyton is a part of the neuron containing the nucleus. It is also called a cell body. Therefore, option C is correct.

Vessels are usually present in angiosperms while in other lower plants they are not present.

Epidermal cells from the outer covering or surface which is mainly involved in protection and secretion. Guard cells, root hairs, and trichomes are all modifications of the epidermal cells.
(i) Root hair
Structure: 
Unicellular hairs are the extensions of an epidermal cell of roots in the root hair zone.
Function:
It increases the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.
(ii) Epidermal appendages
Structure:
These are called trichomes and are epidermal cell modifications. There may be unicellular or multicellular.
Functions:
Some perform for stinging produces and some glandular secretions.
(iii) Guard cell
Structure:
These are bean-shaped cells present on the epidermis of the leaf.
Functions:
These help in gaseous exchange and transpiration.
 

The manner of arrangement of leaves in stem or branch is called Phyllotaxy

Lumen are cavities present inside the cell,cells of sclerenchyma tissue have narrow lumen because sclerenchyma are strongly lignified which lead to compressing the cell and thus only narrow cavity is left

Cartilage heals slowly because it has no blood supply

The correct option is C.
A plant belonging to the angiosperms group would show least adaptation to marine water. Angiosperms are vascular plants that have stems, roots, and leaves.
 

Phloem fibres are thick walled, elongated spindle shaped dead cells which possess narrow lumen. They provides mechanical support to the tissue. Phloem parenchyma are thin walled-living cells of parenchyma. They have two functions, storage and lateral food conduction

The girth of the stem increases due to lateral meristem or cambium

Gibberellins, first recognized in 1926 by a Japanese scientist, Eiichi Kurosawa. He was studying foolish seedling disease in Rice called as bakanae.

Sclerenchyma → cells are the permanent tissues present in the plants. They provide hardness and stiffness to the plant and are composed of dead cells.

Turmeric is a perennial species of herb belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, same as ginger. It is stark yellow to orange in color. Turmeric is also a rhizome that is used extensively for its anti-inflammatory properties.

C is the correct option. 

• Collenchyma is a simple tissue.
• The meristematic cells are compactly arranged & do not contain any intercellular space between them. 
• The term 'histology', from the Greek 'hίstos' for a 'web', appears in the title of Carl Mayer's (1787 – 1865) 41-page book Ueber Histologie und eine neue Eintheilung der Gewebe des menschlichen Körpers which was published by Adolph Marcus of Bonn in 1819. Hence, the statement is correct.

Xylem, plant vascular tissue that conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and also provides physical support. 

Tissue is a group of cells which act together to perform a specific task. If we talk about a single tissue then, all the cells constituting it performs similar function.

Parenchyma forms the bulk of plant ground tissue, where they may be specialised to function in photosynthesis, storage, or transport.

Lignin is a constituent of the cell walls of almost all dry land plant cell walls.