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Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE - Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics

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Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 1

What is the atomic number of an atom?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 1
The atomic number of an atom is the number of protons in the atom. This number determines the element's identity. For example, nitrogen (N) has an atomic number of 7, which means it has 7 protons.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 2

Which of the following is an example of alpha radiation?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 2
Alpha radiation involves the emission of alpha particles, which consist of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. These are equivalent to a helium nucleus.
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Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 3

What are isotopes of an element characterized by?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 3
Isotopes of an element have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass numbers (different number of neutrons). This means they have the same identity as the element but different atomic masses due to varying numbers of neutrons.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 4
Which of the following elements has a mass number of 40?
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 4
The mass number of an atom is the sum of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Calcium (Ca) has a mass number of 40, indicating that it has 20 protons and 20 neutrons.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 5
What type of radiation does not alter the atomic number or atomic mass of a nucleus?
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 5
Gamma radiation consists of high-energy photons and does not alter the atomic number or atomic mass of a nucleus. It is a type of electromagnetic radiation.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 6
In a nuclear fusion process, atomic nuclei:
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 6
In nuclear fusion, atomic nuclei combine to form heavier nuclei. This process releases large amounts of energy and is the source of energy in stars like the sun.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 7
Which of the following is an example of a nuclear fission reaction?
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 7
Nuclear fission occurs when an atomic nucleus splits into two or more smaller nuclei. The given reaction shows the fission of uranium-235 (235U) into barium-139 (139Ba), krypton-94 (944Kr), and additional neutrons.
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 8

Which of the following is an example of an allotrope?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 8

Oxygen exists in two common allotropes: O2 (dioxygen) and O3 (ozone). Allotropes are different forms or structural arrangements of the same element with distinct physical and chemical properties.

Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 9
What is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus called?
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 9
The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus is called the mass number. It helps determine the atom's mass and is denoted by the symbol "A."
Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 10
What is the energy and particles released during the decomposition of unstable atomic nuclei called?
Detailed Solution for Test: Nuclear Chemistry Basics - Question 10
The energy and particles released during the decomposition of unstable atomic nuclei are called radioactivity. Radioactive decay leads to the emission of various types of radiation, such as alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.
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