Test: Waste Management-II - Class 10 MCQ

Incineration primarily aims to reduce the volume of waste by burning it at high temperatures, which also helps kill pathogenic organisms, although it can produce air pollutants.

Open dumping creates breeding grounds for pests such as mosquitoes and flies, which can lead to the spread of diseases, indicating the need for proper waste management practices.

Accumulated waste can create habitats for disease-carrying organisms, such as rats and mosquitoes, which poses significant public health risks and underscores the need for proper waste management.

Biomagnification refers to the process where harmful substances accumulate in higher concentrations at each trophic level of the food chain, affecting predators most severely.

Air pollution can lead to respiratory infections and irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. Long-term exposure can cause chronic respiratory diseases, emphasizing the importance of clean air for public health.

Sanitary landfills are designed to minimize environmental impact by properly containing waste and allowing for controlled decomposition, making them the safest option for waste disposal compared to other methods.

Chlorine gas is used in the tertiary treatment stage to disinfect and kill any remaining harmful microorganisms in the treated wastewater, ensuring it is safe for reuse.

Minimizing waste generation through more efficient production processes is a critical method for reducing waste at the source, helping to lessen the overall environmental impact and promoting sustainability.

Nitrogen dioxide exposure can lead to premature leaf drop in plants, negatively affecting their growth and productivity, thereby impacting agricultural yields.

Long-term exposure to polluted air can result in chronic diseases, including lung cancer. This underscores the critical need for air quality management to protect public health.

Heavy metal poisoning can lead to serious health issues, including behavioral disorders, which can significantly impair an individual's quality of life and ability to function normally.

Acid rain reacts with the materials of historical monuments, causing corrosion. Notable examples include the Parthenon, which has suffered deterioration due to acid rain, highlighting the impact of pollution on cultural heritage.

An electrostatic precipitator is designed to remove particulate matter, such as fly ash, from emissions by using electric charges to attract and collect the pollutants, proving essential for air quality control.

Exposure to radioactive materials can lead to genetic mutations, which can affect future generations. This highlights the importance of strict regulations on radioactive waste disposal.

Eutrophication leads to excessive growth of algae that depletes oxygen levels in water, creating a harmful environment for fish and other aquatic organisms, which can result in their death.

Segregation is the process of categorizing waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable types, which is essential for efficient waste management and recycling efforts.

Composting converts organic waste into humus, which enhances soil fertility. This sustainable practice helps reduce waste and improve agricultural productivity.

The adoption of renewable energy sources helps reduce air pollution significantly, making it a key strategy in combating climate change and protecting public health.

Scrubbing is a method that captures water-soluble gases, such as sulfur dioxide, by passing polluted gases through water, effectively reducing air pollution.

Eutrophication occurs when excess nutrients and chemicals lead to rapid growth of phytoplankton and algae, which block oxygen penetration in the water, ultimately harming aquatic life.