Test: Medieval Monuments - Class 7 MCQ

The Nagara style of temple architecture is characterized by the shikhara, a curvilinear tower that rises above the sanctum. This feature is prominent in many North Indian temples and symbolizes the sacred mountain.

The Dravidian style is distinguished by the pyramidal tower known as the vimana, which is typically found in South Indian temples. This architectural style developed from the 7th to the 18th centuries and features a square sanctuary often surrounded by a decorated pradakshina patha.

Rajput havelis are known for their vibrant colors, elaborate paintings, and intricate carvings. These features reflect the artistic skills and cultural heritage of the region, making them popular tourist destinations.

Humayun's Tomb was commissioned by Akbar in memory of his father, Humayun. It is notable for being the first garden tomb in the Persian style and showcases the early Mughal architectural style that later culminated in the Taj Mahal.

The trabeate style, prevalent until the 12th century, is characterized by the use of horizontal beams supported by vertical columns, which contrasts with the later arcuate style that utilizes arches for structural support.

In Islamic architecture, the depiction of human figures is generally avoided as it is considered un-Islamic. Instead, intricate geometric patterns, floral designs, and calligraphy are used to decorate buildings.

The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple, located in Khajuraho, is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is the largest and most ornate temple in the Nagara style. Its intricate carvings and architectural beauty make it a significant example of medieval Indian temple architecture.

Pyramidal towers are characteristic of the Dravidian style, not Indo-Islamic architecture. Indo-Islamic architecture blends Islamic features such as domes and minarets with Indian elements, creating a unique architectural style.

Fatehpur Sikri was constructed by Emperor Akbar to honor the Sufi saint Salim Chishti, who predicted the birth of Akbar's three sons. This city exemplifies Mughal architecture and reflects Akbar's vision of a harmonious society.

Gandhak ki Baoli is an example of a baoli, a step-well built for water access. Baolis were significant in providing water in arid regions and often featured elaborate carvings and chambers.

Indo-Islamic architecture is known for its blend of Islamic features with regional Indian elements. This fusion created a unique style that incorporated local motifs, materials, and construction techniques, enriching the architectural landscape of India.

The arcuate style, which employs arches to support structures, was introduced in the 12th century. This style represented a significant advancement in engineering and allowed for larger and more stable structures compared to the earlier trabeate style.

Shah Jahan's reign is marked by the shift from red sandstone to white marble in construction, resulting in elegant and intricately decorated buildings. This period is often referred to as the 'Golden Age of Mughal Architecture' due to its artistic richness.

Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, is famous for creating large gardens known as chahar bagh, symbolizing paradise with their four-part layout divided by water channels. These gardens were designed to provide aesthetic pleasure and a sense of tranquility.

The Taj Mahal is renowned for its stunning white marble construction, specifically Makrana marble, which gives the mausoleum its iconic appearance. This material was chosen for its beauty and ability to reflect light in varying shades throughout the day.

A distinctive feature of Mughal architecture is the incorporation of running water in gardens, palaces, and buildings, reflecting the Mughal emphasis on aesthetics and the natural environment in architectural design.

The garbagriha is the most sacred part of a Hindu temple, housing the main deity. This inner sanctum is where devotees offer prayers and receive blessings, making it a focal point of worship.

Chahar bagh translates to "four gardens" and symbolizes paradise in Mughal architecture. This layout divides the garden into four quarters, often intersected by water channels, reflecting an idealized vision of nature and tranquility.

The Buland Darwaza serves as a grand gateway built by Akbar to commemorate his victory over Gujarat. It exemplifies Mughal architecture's grandeur and is a significant feature of Fatehpur Sikri.

The mihrab is a niche in the mosque that indicates the qibla, the direction Muslims face during prayer towards Mecca. It serves as a focal point for the congregation during worship.