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Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - GMAT MCQ


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23 Questions MCQ Test - Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 for GMAT 2025 is part of GMAT preparation. The Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the GMAT exam syllabus.The Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 MCQs are made for GMAT 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 below.
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Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 1
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The passage is primarily concerned with discussing the

Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 1

The argument claims the following:
a. Renaissance scholars considered certain Latin texts dangerous and distilled them in their teachings.
b. Most students of Latin received their education directly from scholars' lessons.
c. Therefore, we cannot know today how students then related directly to the text.

(A): Incorrect. The author is not concerned with the Roman classics' suitability toward teaching morality; the author is only concerned with Renaissance scholars' opinion on the subject.
(B): Incorrect. The author is not primarily concerned with the approach scholars took, only how that approach translated into educating students.
(C): Incorrect. The author is not concerned with the effect that the lessons had on students, only what we can determine about how those students understood the texts.
(D): Correct. The author is concerned with how the classics were taught and, therefore, what we can determine about how the students related to texts.
(E): Incorrect. The author does not contrast teaching between the Renaissance time and today; the author only makes an argument about how well we can assess Renaissance students' relationships to texts.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 2
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The information in the passage suggests that which of the following would most likely result from a student’s having studied the Roman classics under a typical sixteenth-century teacher?

Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 2

(A) refers directly to the author's claim that Renaissance scholars would use lines from Latin texts to make points about myriad subjects, including syntax and grammar. (B) through (D) have no basis in the author's claims but, instead, suggest that the students had a more intimate relationship with Latin texts (e.g. by knowing Latin). (E) makes a comparison between poetry and prose not mentioned by the author.

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Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 3
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Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the assertion made in the passage concerning what a modern reader cannot know?

Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 3

(A) through (C) only concern how modern readers understand Latin texts or how well they understood which content the Renaissance students studied. However, they do not allow that the modern reader knows how the Renaissance students related to the material.
(D) allows that modern readers may have a window directly into how Renaissance students related to the texts (via marginalia), weakening the author's claim that modern readers cannot know how those students felt.
(E) is out of scope; whether modern readers can read Renaissance scholars' work does not inform how well they understand a Renaissance student's relationship to a particular work.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 4
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In the course of presenting his arguments, the author suggests that structural biases in American journalism result primarily—but not necessarily exclusively—from:
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 4

Structural biases in American journalism arise mainly from:

  • Problems inherent to how newspapers are published and marketed.
  • Assumptions made by journalists regarding the integrity of public officials.
  • Cynicism among reporters about the public's intelligence.
  • Intensifying competition between newspapers for a diminishing audience.
  • Growing influence from foreign nations.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 5
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According to the passage, which of the following would indicate structural biases inherent in journalists‘ work?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 5

According to the passage, which of the following would indicate structural biases inherent in journalists‘ work?

To identify structural biases in journalism, consider the following points:

  • An article that strictly follows Progressivist principles may reflect inherent biases.
  • If the article obscures its biased opinions, this can indicate a lack of transparency.
  • Political sophistication does not necessarily imply bias; rather, it can enhance understanding.
  • Articles that are simply entertaining may avoid deeper analysis of bias.
  • Criticism of the current government alone does not indicate bias; context matters.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 6
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Which of the following best describes the "analytical conundrum" referred to in the sentence, "Systematic bias and political assumption, finally, meet in an analytical conundrum," in the last paragraph?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 6

The "analytical conundrum" refers to a situation where:

  • Systematic biases and political assumptions influence the decisions of newspaper publishers.
  • These two factors have similar outcomes, making it challenging to distinguish their individual impacts.
  • As a result, newspapers face conflicting pressures that complicate the decision-making process.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 7
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According to the passage, the author mentions and suggests all of the following as merits of Darwin's work, EXCEPT:
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 7

Darwin brought to attention phenomena which molded or influenced geological speculation (formulating and discussing causes and reasons for geological phenomena), i.e., gave it a certain direction. It did not cause speculation among geologists.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 8
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According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred to be the outcome of Darwin's visit to the districts visited by Von Buch and other geologists?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 8

The passage mentions that Darwin interpreted the evidence in a new way so that it did not lead to just one conclusion.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 9
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According to the passage, Darwin's work showed which of the following?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 9

Explicitly states that there is little ground for supporting the earlier assumptions about the origin of craters.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 10
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The passage indicates that the philosopher Pythagoras would agree with which of the following statements?
I. Beauty and creativity are essentially the same concept.
II. Beauty is a principle unaffected by interpretations of it that are conflicting.
III. A person’s well-being will be supported if he watches a beautiful sunset or witnesses an act of kindness.
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 10

  • I: The passage says beauty → creativity is “a small step,” not that they’re the same.

  • II: Pythagoras saw beauty as an objective principle (i.e., independent of conflicting interpretations).

  • III: The text doesn’t claim beauty/acts of kindness improve personal well-being; that’s not stated.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 11
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In the first paragraph of the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 11

The author's primary focus in the first paragraph is

  • summarising the main ideas of a significant historical figure.
  • exploring contradictions within a specific hypothesis.
  • drawing parallels between two related concepts.
  • discussing how a concept can be applied in various situations.
  • creating a system for classifying different ideas.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 12
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The author implies that which of the following is a likely argument from a reader in response to an assertion in the passage?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 12

The likely argument from a reader in response to the assertion could be:

  • Web pages should not only be visually appealing but also easy to use.
  • Robots, regardless of their technological advancement, may never replace nurses.
  • Despite its beautiful images, chaos theory has limited scientific applications.
  • Applying wisdom from ancient philosophers to modern computing presents challenges.
  • While computational creativity offers valuable tools, working in the field can become monotonous.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 13
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It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following to be a likely result of computational creativity?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 13

A. describes the result of web design efforts to add new features to a popular web page. While web design may involve creativity, the passage specifically emphasizes creativity as a cognitive process to generate novel or unconventional solutions.
B. describes an improvement in the efficiency of an automated cash machine. While this improvement may involve innovative engineering or design, it does not necessarily reflect the cognitive process of generating novel or unconventional solutions that is associated with computational creativity.
C. describes the creation of a new mobile phone that becomes part of a work of modern art. This option directly aligns with the passage's description of computational creativity, which involves constructing artifacts demonstrating human-level creativity. The idea of a mobile phone being considered a work of modern art implies a creative and innovative design that goes beyond conventional mobile phone features.
D. describes the development of a robot capable of dispensing medication to hospital patients. While this is a valuable and practical application of robotics, it does not explicitly relate to the cognitive process of generating novel or unconventional solutions mentioned in the passage. 
Option (E) is incorrect because it do not align with the cognitive process of creativity as defined in the passage.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 14
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Studies of fatal automobile accidents reveal that, in the majority of cases in which one occupant of an automobile is killed while another survives, it is the passenger, not the driver, who is killed. It is ironic that the innocent passenger should suffer for the driver's carelessness, while the driver often suffers only minor injuries or none at all.

Which of the following is an assumption underlying the reasoning in the passage above?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 14

The passage assumes that:

  • Drivers are often responsible for accidents that lead to fatalities among passengers.
  • It is common for drivers to escape serious injury in these accidents.
  • Passenger fatalities are a significant concern in the context of road safety.

These points underline the irony of innocent passengers suffering due to the actions of negligent drivers. The passage suggests a need for improved safety measures for those in passenger seats.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 15
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As one who has always believed that truth is our nation’s surest weapon in the propaganda war against our foes, I am distressed by reports of “disinformation” campaigns by American intelligence agents in Western Europe. In a disinformation campaign, untruths are disseminated through gullible local journalists in order to damage the interests of our enemies and protect our own. Those who defend this practice say that lying is necessary to counter Soviet disinformation campaigns aimed at damaging America’s political interests. These apologists contend that one must fight fire with fire. I would point out to the apologists that the fire department finds water more effective.

The author of the passage above bases his conclusion on which of the following?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 15

The author of the passage draws his conclusion from:

  • An analogy that compares truth to water, suggesting it is a more effective tool in propaganda than lies.
  • He argues that disinformation campaigns are counterproductive and not the best approach to combatting enemy narratives.
  • The use of the word "fire" in the context of propaganda serves to reinforce the idea that truthful methods are superior.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 16
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As one who has always believed that truth is our nation’s surest weapon in the propaganda war against our foes, I am distressed by reports of “disinformation” campaigns by American intelligence agents in Western Europe. In a disinformation campaign, untruths are disseminated through gullible local journalists in order to damage the interests of our enemies and protect our own. Those who defend this practice say that lying is necessary to counter Soviet disinformation campaigns aimed at damaging America’s political interests. These apologists contend that one must fight fire with fire. I would point out to the apologists that the fire department finds water more effective.
The author’s main point is that
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 16

Answer choice (A) fails because the author never describes an ethical compass by which to judge anything, not to mention that the passage never tells us anything about how effective disinformation campaigns may be. We know that some people use them, and we know what they are intended to do, but no related outcomes are discussed.
Answer choice (B) fails because the author is not concerned with America's moral standing, but with the propaganda war against [America's] foes and the manner in which the nation engages in such a war, either by telling the truth, as the author advocates, or by launching a disinformation campaign.
Answer choice (C) fails for the same reason we discussed above in our analysis of answer choice (A): the passage does not discuss actual political gains or losses, just intended outcomes. As such, we have no idea about the duration of any potential gains or losses.
Answer choice (D) fails because the author is not primarily concerned with Soviet disinformation campaigns, but with those that American intelligence agents have launched, presumably against the Soviets. Also, the passage does not discuss America's standing in Europe. We do not know how America stands in the eyes of European societies or governments.
Answer choice (E) is correct because it is clear that the author does not endorse the use of "disinformation" campaigns by American intelligence agents in Western Europe, and the interests referred to in the passage in lines two and three can best be understood as one and the same: political interests (line three). Notice, too, the comparative more effective at the end of the passage. The reader seems to be meant to understand that water is analogous to the truth from the beginning of the passage, and the message is that truth, not disinformation campaigns, can more effectively sway the propaganda war in favor of America.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 17
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Are you still reading the other newspaper in town? Did you know that the Daily Bugle is owned by an out-of-town business syndicate that couldn’t care less about the people of Gotham City? Read the Daily Clarion, the only real voice of the people of Gotham City!
Which of the following most directly refutes the argument raised in the advertisement above?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 17

The argument in the advertisement claims that the Daily Bugle is disconnected from the people of Gotham City due to its out-of-town ownership.

  • The Daily Clarion's assertion is weakened by the fact that over half of its advertising revenue comes from businesses outside Gotham City.
  • This suggests that the Daily Clarion may also prioritise the interests of non-local businesses.
  • Such a contradiction undermines its position as the true voice of Gotham's residents.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 18
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The earth's resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.

The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 18

The argument relies on the assumption that:

  • Curbing U.S. resource consumption will have a significant impact on global resource depletion.

This implies that if the United States maintains its current level of consumption, it will contribute to the rapid depletion of resources worldwide. Thus, the argument presupposes that a reduction in U.S. consumption is necessary to mitigate this issue effectively.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 19
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The earth’s resources are being depleted much too fast. To correct this, the United States must keep its resource consumption at present levels for many years to come.

Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 19

To strengthen the argument regarding the need for the United States to maintain its resource consumption levels, consider the following points:

  • The discovery of new resource deposits could suggest a potential for increased consumption, weakening the argument.
  • As the United States accounts for one-third of global resource consumption, its actions significantly impact overall resource depletion.
  • Other countries' economic development needs highlight the importance of the United States conserving resources for future generations.
  • If other countries agree to maintain their consumption levels, it reinforces the necessity for the U.S. to do the same.
  • Efforts in resource conservation by the United States over recent years may indicate a commitment to sustainability.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 20
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Alba: I don’t intend to vote for Senator Frank in the next election. She is not a strong supporter of the war against crime.
Tam: But Senator Frank sponsored the latest anticrime law passed by the Senate.
Alba: If Senator Frank sponsored it, it can’t be a very strong anticrime law.
Which of the following identifies the most serious logical flaw in Alba’s reasoning?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 20

The main flaw in Alba's reasoning can be identified through the following points:

  • Insufficient Evidence: Alba's claims lack adequate support to justify her view that Senator Frank is not committed to fighting crime.
  • Assumption of Importance: She presumes that crime is the foremost issue in the upcoming election without providing any rationale.
  • Circular Reasoning: Alba dismisses Senator Frank’s actions based on an unsupported belief, which undermines her argument.
  • Personal Attack: Her argument does not focus on Senator Frank's political merits but rather makes a personal judgement.
  • Narrow Focus: In deciding against voting for Senator Frank, she overlooks other significant issues that may also influence voter decisions.
Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 21
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Which of the following best completes the passage below?
The most serious flaw in television’s coverage of election campaigns is its tendency to focus on the horse-race side of politics—that is, to concentrate on the question “Who’s winning?” at the expense of substantive coverage of the issues and the candidates’ positions on them. The endless interviews with campaign managers, discussions of campaign strategies, and, especially, the obsession with opinion polls have surrounded elections with the atmosphere of a football game or a prizefight. To reform this situation, a first step might well be______ .
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 21

The most pressing issue with television coverage of election campaigns is its focus on the horse-race aspect—essentially, the question "Who’s winning?" This often overshadows important discussions about issues and candidates' positions. The saturation of interviews with campaign managers, analysis of strategies, and a heavy emphasis on opinion polls creates an atmosphere akin to a sporting event.

To address this problem, a viable first step could be:

  • Reducing the television coverage of opinion polls during election campaigns.

This change would encourage more in-depth reporting on candidates and their policies, rather than merely tracking their standings in the race.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 22
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With Proposition 13, if you bought your house 11 years ago for $75,000, your property tax would be approximately $914 a year (1 percent of $75,000 increased by 2 percent each year for 11 years); and if your neighbor bought an identical house next door to you for $200,000 this year, his tax would be $2,000 (1 percent of $200,000). Without Proposition 13, both you and your neighbor would pay $6,000 a year in property taxes (3 percent of $200,000).

Which of the following is the conclusion for which the author most likely is arguing in the passage above?
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 22

The author is likely arguing that Proposition 13 has resulted in unequal property tax rates for similar homes. Here are the key points supporting this conclusion:

  • Homeowners who purchased properties years ago benefit from significantly lower taxes.
  • Newer homeowners pay much higher taxes on identical properties due to Proposition 13's limitations.
  • This creates a disparity in tax obligations for homes of equal value.

In conclusion, the author highlights the inequality fostered by Proposition 13 in the context of property taxation.

Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 23
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At an enormous research cost, a leading chemical company has developed a manufacturing process for converting wood fibers into a plastic. According to the company, this new plastic can be used for, among other things, the hulls of small sailboats. But what does the company think sailboat hulls used to be made of? Surely the mania for high technology can scarcely go further than this.

The author’s opinion of the manufacturing process described in the passage is based primarily on the fact that
Detailed Solution for Sectional Tests: Verbal - 2 - Question 23

Premises:
1) A leading chemical company has developed a manufacturing process for converting wood fibers into a plastic.
2) This new plastic can be used for the hulls of small sailboats.
Conclusion: The mania for high technology can scarcely go further than this.
From the conclusion, we can surmise that the author does not rate the innovation of the chemical company very highly. It is driven by the usage promoted ie; that this plastic can be used for hulls of small sailboats. Given this background, the sarcastic question posed in the stimulus, "But what does the company think sailboat hulls used to be made of?", can have only one answer. Given that the author seems to think of the use of this plastic on hulls as not being an important innovation, it must follow that the hulls used to be made from wood earlier. Only then, converting the wood to plastic and then using the plastic to make hulls can be truly considered to be a waste of resources, technology just for the sake of it, or, in other words, "mania for high technology".

Let us examine the answer options:
(A) plastic is unlikely to be durable enough for high-quality sailboat hulls This takes the argument much further than the implication in the stimulus. Eliminate.
(B) the research costs of developing the process outweigh any savings possible from the use of the plastic The passage questions the very utility of converting wood to plastic for use in hulls, costs and profits do not come into the picture at all. Eliminate.
(C) a small sailboat is not normally regarded as a high-tech product The passage is about the usage of plastic made from wood in sailboat hulls, not about the sailboat themselves. Irrelevant. Eliminate.
(D) hulls for small sailboats can be made from wood without converting it into plastic Correct answer and consistent with our pre-thinking.
(E) many other spheres of human activity are in far greater need of technological research The argument in the passage is restricted to using plastic made from wood in sailboat hulls, irrespective of need of research in other fields. Irrelevant. Eliminate.

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