Test: Matter - 1 - Class 5 MCQ

Matter can be defined as something that occupies space and possesses mass (especially as distinct from energy) and exists in all three states, i.e., solid, liquid and gas. 

The forces of attraction between molecules are greatest in the solid state.

This is why solids maintain a fixed shape and volume. In contrast, liquids have weaker forces of attraction, allowing their molecules to move around more freely, and gases have the weakest forces of attraction, where molecules move independently of each other.

Matter in the liquid state has no fixed shape but has definite volume.

Liquids take the shape of the container they are in, but their volume remains constant regardless of the container's shape.

The molecules of a gas are in constant motion and can move freely. This is why gases expand to fill their containers.

Ice melts when energy in the form of heat is supplied.

The heat energy breaks the bonds between the ice molecules, turning it from a solid into a liquid.

When water is heated, it changes to water vapor. The process is called evaporation.

Matter is made up of tiny particles called molecules.

Molecules can further be broken into atoms. They are called the building blocks of matter. 

The state of matter is determined by the arrangement and movement of its molecules. The three main states are:

• Solids: Molecules are tightly packed with limited movement.
• Liquids: Molecules can move past each other.
• Gases: Molecules move freely.

This variation in molecular behaviour explains the different states of matter.

The intermolecular space between molecules is maximum in a gaseous state.

In gases, the molecules are far apart and move freely, allowing for a larger space between them compared to solids and liquids.

When a solid is heated, it melts to form a liquid.

This process occurs as the temperature rises, causing the particles in the solid to gain energy and move apart, breaking the rigid structure of the solid and transitioning into a liquid state.

Gases lack strong intermolecular bonds, allowing their particles to move freely. This characteristic enables them to:

• Expand and fill their container's volume.
• Be compressed due to the space between their particles.

According to kinetic molecular theory, gas particles are in constant motion, which explains these properties.

Answer: A
Explanation: Heating causes molecules in solids to gain energy, increasing their intermolecular space, which allows the solid to transition into a liquid.

- When a solid is heated, it typically expands as it melts into a liquid.
- Further heating causes the liquid to vaporize into a gas, which occupies more space.
- This behaviour is due to the increased energy of molecules, causing them to move apart.
- Thus, the space occupied by the substance increases as it transitions from solid to liquid to gas.
- Therefore, the correct answer is A: Increases.

-W is the solid state (with properties: has a definite shape and example: book).

-X is the properties of liquid state: has a definite shape but not volume

-Y is the gaseous state with given properties of no definite volume or shape

-Carbon dioxide is an example of gaseous state and so can be placed under Z.

Figure A shows the strongest forces of attraction between the molecules of a solid.