Test: Testes & Ovary - NEET MCQ

Corpus luteum of the ovary secretes progesterone, and relaxin. Prolactin is secreted by anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Aldosterone is a principal mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex and testosterone is secreted by the Leydig's cells in the testes.

Topic in NCERT: Ovary

Line in NCERT: "after ovulation, the ruptured follicle is converted to a structure called corpus luteum, which secretes mainly progesterone."

Menstruation is caused by the reduction of two hormones, oestrogen, and progesterone, especially progesterone at the end of the monthly ovarian cycle. Hence, withdrawal of progesterone hormone will cause immediate menstruation.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Topic in NCERT: Ovary

Line in NCERT: "progesterone plays a major role in the maintenance of pregnancy as well as in mammary gland development and lactation."

The correct answer is Cells of Leydig.

• Cells of Leydig secrete androgen hormones in human beings.
• Cells of Leydig constitute the endocrine tissue of the testes.
• Androgens are a group of male sex hormones.

Topic in NCERT: Testis

Line in NCERT: "the leydig cells or interstitial cells, which are present in the intertubular spaces produce a group of hormones called androgens mainly testosterone."

Testosterone is a key androgen hormone that regulates the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, including the growth of facial hair and muscular growth. It does not support the development of ovarian follicles, which is a function of estrogen in females.

Topic in NCERT: Testis

Line in NCERT: "androgens regulate the development, maturation and functions of the male accessory sex organs like epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra etc."

Progesterone, secreted by the corpus luteum in the ovaries after ovulation, is crucial for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting pregnancy. It helps prepare the endometrium for implantation and supports the pregnancy during the early stages.

Topic in NCERT: Ovary

Line in NCERT: "progesterone plays a major role in the maintenance of pregnancy as well as in mammary gland development and lactation."

Estrogen is a key hormone in females that regulates the menstrual cycle, promotes the development of secondary sexual characteristics (such as breast development), and supports the growth of the ovarian follicles. It does not play a role in sperm production or directly in supporting pregnancy.

Topic in NCERT: Ovary

Line in NCERT: "estrogen stimulates growth and development of female accessory sex organs and secondary sex characters."

Progesterone plays a vital role in maintaining the uterine lining, making it suitable for implantation. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone helps sustain it by inhibiting further ovulation and menstruation. It does not regulate follicle growth, which is primarily driven by estrogen.

Topic in NCERT: Ovary

Line in NCERT: "progesterone plays a major role in the maintenance of pregnancy as well as in mammary gland development and lactation."

Androgens, such as testosterone, are responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics (like deep voice, facial hair), influence sexual behaviour, and stimulate spermatogenesis. They do not play a role in ovulation, which is regulated by estrogen and LH in females.

Topic in NCERT: Testis

Line in NCERT: "androgens regulate the development, maturation and functions of the male accessory sex organs like epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, urethra etc."
"androgens play a major stimulatory role in the process of spermatogenesis (formation of spermatozoa)."
"androgens act on the central neural system and influence the male sexual behaviour (libido)."

Androgens are crucial for the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics.

Estrogens primarily function to promote the development of ovarian follicles, which are essential for female reproductive health.