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Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test History for UPSC CSE - Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2

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Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 1

Statement 1: The Brahmo Samaj played a pivotal role in advocating for the abolition of Sati.
Statement 2: The Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act, 1856, was passed due to the efforts of Pandit Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 1

Both statements are true. The Brahmo Samaj, led by Raja Rammohan Roy, was instrumental in the abolition of Sati, and Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar played a crucial role in the enactment of the Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 2

Match the following reform movements with their founders:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 2

Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Brahmo Samaj by Raja Rammohan Roy, and the Aligarh Movement by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.

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Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 3

Arrange the following events in chronological order:

  1. Founding of Arya Samaj
  2. Passage of the Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act
  3. Founding of Brahmo Samaj

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 3

Founding of Brahmo Samaj: The Brahmo Samaj was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy in 1828. It aimed at reforming society and sought to expose the evils of contemporary Hindu society, including caste rigidity, sati, and child marriage.

Passage of the Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act: This act was passed in 1856, during the British rule in India. It was enacted primarily due to the efforts of social reformers like Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar to improve the condition of widows in Hindu society by legalizing widow remarriage.

Founding of Arya Samaj: Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875. It promoted values based on the infallibility of the Vedas, social reforms, and opposed idolatry and ritualistic practices.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 4

Assertion (A): The Bethune School, established by J.E.D. Bethune, was a significant step in the movement for women's education in India.
Reason (R): The school was the first to offer formal education to women in India.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 4

Assertion (A): The Bethune School, established by J.E.D. Bethune, was a significant step in the movement for women's education in India.

Reason (R): The school was the first to offer formal education to women in India.

Assertion is corrct but the reason is false.

Bethune School, established in 1849, was pivotal in the women's education movement in India.

Correct Option: C: A is true, but R is false.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 5

Statement 1: The Sarda Act raised the marriage age to 18 for boys and 14 for girls.
Statement 2: The Child Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act, 1978, further raised the age of marriage for girls from 15 to 18 years.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 5

The Sarda Act did raise the marriage age as stated, and the Child Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act of 1978 further adjusted the age of marriage for girls.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 6

Match the following acts with their respective focus:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 6

The Age of Consent Act raised the marriage age for girls, the Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act focused on widow remarriage, and the Civil Marriage Act aimed at prohibiting child marriage.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 7

Assertion (A): Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar established the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha to promote the rights of Dalits.
Reason (R): He believed in the motto 'Educate, Agitate and Organise’ to achieve social reform.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 7

Dr. Ambedkar did establish the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha with the motto 'Educate, Agitate and Organise’ to advocate for Dalit rights.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 8

Statement 1: The All India Women’s Conference was founded by Margaret Cousins in 1927.
Statement 2: The Conference focused on working for a society based on principles of social justice, integrity, equal rights, and opportunities.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 8

Margaret Cousins did found the All India Women’s Conference, which aimed to work for a society based on social justice and equality.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 9

Match the following individuals with their contributions:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 9

Pandita Ramabai Saraswati worked for the education of widows, Jyotiba Phule was an advocate for the rights of lower castes, and Raja Rammohan Roy was instrumental in the abolition of Sati.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 10

Assertion (A): The Christian missionaries played a significant role in the education of women in India.
Reason (R): They established the first schools for girls and were involved in training nurses and midwives.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 10

The Christian missionaries indeed played a pivotal role in women's education in India by establishing schools for girls and training nurses and midwives, as stated in the reason.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 11

Statement 1: Sri Narayana Guru's slogan was “one religion, one caste, one God for mankind”.
Statement 2: His disciple, Sahadaran Ayyapan, modified it to “no religion, no caste, no God for mankind”.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 11

Sri Narayana Guru did coin the slogan “one religion, one caste, one God for mankind”, and his disciple Sahadaran Ayyapan later modified it.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 12

Match the following social reformers with their key focus areas:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 12

K.T. Telang was known for his work in women's education, E.V. Ramaswami Naicker for his fight against caste discrimination, and B.R. Ambedkar for advocating the rights of the depressed classes.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 13

Arrange the following acts in chronological order:

  1. The Age of Consent Act
  2. The Sarda Act
  3. The Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act
Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 13

The Hindu Widows’ Remarriage Act was passed first, followed by the Age of Consent Act, and then the Sarda Act.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 14

Assertion (A): The Indian Women’s University was established by Professor D.K. Karve in 1916.
Reason (R): It was one of the first institutions in India focusing on higher education for women.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 14

The Indian Women’s University, established by D.K. Karve, was indeed one of the first institutions focusing on higher education for women.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 15

Statement 1: The Bethune School, established in 1849, was the first girls' school in India.
Statement 2: J.E.D. Bethune, the president of the Council of Education in Calcutta, founded the school.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 15

While J.E.D. Bethune did establish the Bethune School, it was not the first girls' school in India.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 16

Match the following social reforms with the associated reform movement:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 16

The Brahmo Samaj was instrumental in the abolition of Sati, Arya Samaj focused on the education of Dalits, and the Prarthana Samaj advocated for widow remarriage.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 17

Assertion (A): The National Council of Women in India was formed in 1925 as a branch of the International Council of Women.
Reason (R): Its formation was driven by the need to improve the socio-economic and political status of women all over India.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 17

The National Council of Women in India was indeed formed as a branch of the International Council of Women with the objective of improving women's socio-economic and political status.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 18

Statement 1: The All India Harijan Sangh was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1932.
Statement 2: Its primary goal was to work for the upliftment of the 'untouchables'.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 18

Gandhi did establish the All India Harijan Sangh in 1932, and its primary goal was the upliftment of the 'untouchables'.

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 19

Match the following acts with their respective year of enactment:

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 19

The Hindu Marriage and Divorce Act was enacted in 1954,

Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 20

Assertion (A): The Indian National Congress, led by Sarojini Naidu in 1925, played a significant role in women's political empowerment.
Reason (R): Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman to become the president of the Indian National Congress.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: A General Survey of Socio-Cultural Reform Movements - 2 - Question 20

While it is true that Sarojini Naidu was the first woman to become the president of the Indian National Congress and played a role in women's political empowerment, her presidency alone is not the sole reason for the Congress's impact in this area.

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