Test: Citizenship - 1 - UPSC

The Palestinian refugees are fighting for full citizenship of a state in the middle east.

Non Resident Citizenship does not prevail in the world.

War, poverty, prostitution and slavery leads to illegal immigration.

No state is willing to grant them membership and rights and they live in precarious conditions.

In 1958, an armed uprising took place in Tibet against China’s occupation. This was suppressed by the Chinese forces. Sensing that the situation had become worse, in 1959, the Dalai Lama crossed over into the Indian border and sought asylum which was granted. A large number of Tibetans also sought refuge in India.

In 1990s, the Black people got equal citizenship rights after a long struggle.

The 1951 Geneva Convention was the main international instrument on refugee laws and provides for the rights of refugees and duties of states towards refugees.

Martin Luther King Jr. led movement against inequalities that existed between the blacks and whites of USA, which were legalised through Segregation Laws.

His distinctive contribution was to introduce the concept of social rights. He claimed that a citizen is only a full citizen if they possess all three kinds of rights, and that this possession of full rights is linked to social class.

In USA dual citizenship prevails, whereas in India single citizenship provisions are incorporated in the constitution.