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Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test History for UPSC CSE - Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977)

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Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 1

Assertion (A): Indira Gandhi nationalized 14 major commercial banks in 1969.
Reason (R): The nationalization aimed to extend banking services to rural areas and provide financial support to farmers and small industries.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 1

The nationalization of banks was indeed aimed at expanding banking to rural areas and supporting small-scale industries and agriculture.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 2

Match the Following Type

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 2

The abolition of privy purses occurred in 1971, the declaration of emergency in 1975, and the Allahabad High Court verdict was in 1976.

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Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 3

Statement 1: The Congress (R) used the slogan 'Garibi Hatao' (Remove Poverty) in the 1971 general elections.
Statement 2: The 'Garibi Hatao' slogan was primarily focused on attracting urban middle-class voters.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 3

The 'Garibi Hatao' slogan was targeted more towards the rural poor and aimed at social change and eradication of poverty.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 4

Arrange the following events in chronological order:

  1. Indira Gandhi becomes Prime Minister
  2. Nationalization of banks
  3. Declaration of Emergency
  4. Indo-Pak War of 1971
Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 4

Indira Gandhi became Prime Minister in 1966, the Indo-Pak War was in 1971, banks were nationalized in 1969, and the Emergency was declared in 1975.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 5

Assertion (A): The 1977 general elections in India were a referendum on the Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi.
Reason (R): The Janata Party campaigned heavily against the Emergency, focusing on civil liberties.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 5

The 1977 elections were indeed seen as a verdict on the Emergency, and the Janata Party's campaign focused on the excesses during the Emergency.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 6

Match the Following Type

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 6

Indira Gandhi implemented the Twenty-Point Program, Morarji Desai opposed bank nationalization, and Sanjay Gandhi was involved in the Maruti Udyog controversy.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 7

Statement 1: Indira Gandhi's government was challenged by the JP Movement in 1974.
Statement 2: The JP Movement was primarily focused on environmental issues.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 7

The JP Movement was against corruption and the authoritarianism of Indira Gandhi's government, not environmental issues.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 8

Statement 1: The Forty-second Amendment Act of 1976 is often called a 'mini constitution.

Statement 2: The Forty-second Amendment extended the term of the Lok Sabha from five to six years

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 8

The Forty-second Amendment made extensive changes to the Constitution, including extending the Lok Sabha's term.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 9

Match the Following Type

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 9

The nationalization of banks happened in 1969, privy purses were abolished in 1971, and the rupee was devalued in 1966.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 10

Assertion (A): The Indo-Pak War of 1971 led to the creation of Bangladesh.
Reason (R): The war was a result of the political and humanitarian crisis in East Pakistan.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 10

The Indo-Pak War of 1971 was indeed triggered by the crisis in East Pakistan, leading to the creation of Bangladesh.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 11

Match the Following Type

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 11

The Twenty-Point Program was an economic initiative, President's rule was imposed during the Emergency, and Congress (R) was formed after Indira Gandhi's expulsion.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 12

Arrange the following events in chronological order:

  1. Nationalization of Coal and other industries
  2. Abolition of Privy Purses
  3. Indira Gandhi's election as Congress President
Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 12

Indira Gandhi became Congress President in 1959, privy purses were abolished in 1971, and the nationalization of coal and other industries happened after her re-election in 1971.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 13

Assertion (A): The Indian National Congress faced a split in 1969 under Indira Gandhi's leadership.
Reason (R): The split was primarily due to ideological differences regarding economic policies.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 13

The split in the Congress party was indeed due to ideological rifts, particularly over economic policies and Indira Gandhi's socialist leanings.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 14

Statement 1: The Janata Party's victory in the 1977 elections marked the first time a non-Congress party formed the government at the Centre in India.
Statement 2: The Janata Party was a coalition of several parties, including the Jana Sangh and the Congress (O).

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 14

The Janata Party, formed by a coalition of several parties, was indeed the first non-Congress government at the Centre.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 15

Match the Following Type

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 15

Feroze Gandhi was Indira's husband, Lal Bahadur Shastri was the Prime Minister before her, and Morarji Desai served as her deputy.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 16

Statement 1: Indira Gandhi was imprisoned during the Quit India Movement.
Statement 2: She led the Indian National Congress during the freedom struggle.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 16

Indira Gandhi was indeed imprisoned during the Quit India Movement, but she did not lead the Indian National Congress during the freedom struggle.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 17

Assertion (A): The Emergency declared in 1975 led to the suspension of fundamental rights.
Reason (R): The suspension was justified to maintain law and order during a period of political turmoil.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 17

The Emergency did lead to the suspension of fundamental rights, which was justified as necessary for maintaining law and order.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 18

Arrange the following events in chronological order:

  1. Indo-Pak War of 1971
  2. Allahabad High Court's verdict against Indira Gandhi
  3. National Emergency declared
Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 18

The Indo-Pak War happened in 1971, the Allahabad High Court's verdict was in 1975, and the National Emergency was declared immediately after.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 19

Statement 1: Indira Gandhi's government was re-elected in the 1971 general elections with a significant majority.
Statement 2: The victory was largely attributed to the successful implementation of the Green Revolution.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 19

Indira Gandhi's government did win a significant majority in the 1971 elections, but the victory was more attributed to the 'Garibi Hatao' campaign and not directly to the Green Revolution.

Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 20

Assertion (A): Indira Gandhi's decision to nationalize oil companies was influenced by the challenges faced during the 1971 Indo-Pak war.
Reason (R): Nationalization was seen as necessary to ensure a stable supply of fuel for defense purposes.

Detailed Solution for Spectrum Test: Indira Gandhi: the First Phase (January 1966–March 1977) - Question 20

The nationalization of oil companies was indeed influenced by the supply challenges faced during the 1971 war, emphasizing the need for a stable fuel supply for defense.

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