Indian Politics Quiz - 2, General Knowledge - CUET Commerce MCQ

The office of the president can become vacant due to several reasons:

• Resignation: The president may choose to step down from their position.
• Death: The president may pass away while in office.
• Removal: The president can be removed from office through impeachment or other legal processes.

In summary, the presidency can be vacated for any of the above reasons.

The president's demand for further reforms, coupled with the disruption caused by the non-cooperation movement, prompted the British government to establish a Statutory Commission in 1927.

This commission was led by Sri John Simon. Key points regarding the commission include:

• The commission aimed to address the political landscape in India during a time of unrest.
• It was tasked with reviewing constitutional reforms and suggesting changes.
• The appointment was a response to growing demands for Indian self-governance.

The president can dismiss a member of the council of ministers

The president has the authority to remove a council member, but this action is primarily based on the recommendation of the prime minister. Here are the key points to understand:

• The president acts on the prime minister's recommendation.
• This process ensures that the decision is in line with the government's overall strategy.
• Dismissal can occur under normal circumstances, not just in emergencies.
• It is important for maintaining a stable government.

The office of the Prime Minister of India has a significant and unique role within the country's governance structure.

• The office is established under the Constitution of India, which outlines the powers and responsibilities of the Prime Minister.
• It is a key element of the executive branch of government, responsible for implementing laws and policies.
• The Prime Minister acts as the head of government, coordinating the activities of the Council of Ministers.
• This role is not only constitutional but also reflects conventional practices that have developed over time.
• The Prime Minister is central in shaping national policy and represents India at various international forums.

Overall, the office's foundation is primarily constitutional, which defines its authority and framework within the political system of India.

The powers to legislate on matters not specifically mentioned in any of the three lists are known as residuary powers. The authority to determine whether a particular matter falls under this category lies with the Judiciary. Here are some key points regarding this concept:

• The Judiciary ensures that laws are made within the framework of the constitution.
• It interprets laws and can declare them invalid if they exceed legislative powers.
• This role is crucial for maintaining the balance of power among different branches of government.
• Judicial review allows the courts to assess the legality of legislative actions.

Thus, the final authority on residuary powers is vested in the Judiciary, which safeguards the integrity of the legislative process.

The members of the parliamentary committee are selected based on specific criteria to ensure representation and balance within Parliament.

• They are appointed from various groups and parties in Parliament.
• The appointments reflect the respective strength of each group and party.
• This system ensures that all voices are heard and represented fairly.

In summary, the composition of the parliamentary committee is designed to maintain a fair representation of different perspectives within the legislative body.

The process of proposing a candidate for the office of President of India can involve various members of the Electoral College.

• Proposals can be made by any ten members of the Electoral College.
• This means that a candidate needs support from a group of individuals within the electoral framework.
• Members can come from various backgrounds, including Parliamentarians and other designated officials.

It is important to note that while other groups, such as citizens or individual members of Parliament, may have roles in the electoral process, the specific requirement for proposing a candidate is set at ten members of the Electoral College.

The Parliament has the authority to limit or remove fundamental rights through legislation for specific groups. These groups include:

• Members of the armed forces - This includes all personnel serving in the military.
• Forces maintaining public order - This refers to law enforcement agencies responsible for safety and security.
• Intelligence personnel - These are individuals working in state-established agencies focused on intelligence gathering.

Thus, the Parliament can enact laws affecting the rights of all these groups.

The preamble of the French Revolution enshrines the ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity. These principles were pivotal in shaping modern democratic values and inspired numerous movements around the world.

• Liberty: Refers to the freedom of individuals to act as they choose, without oppression.
• Equality: Emphasises that all individuals are entitled to the same rights and opportunities.
• Fraternity: Stresses the importance of brotherhood and solidarity among people.

These concepts were a reaction to the oppressive systems of the time and aimed to establish a society based on fairness and justice.

The minimum number of members required for a Lok Sabha meeting is determined by specific rules. Here’s a clear breakdown:

• The quorum for a Lok Sabha meeting is one-fourth of the total membership.
• This means that if the Lok Sabha has 545 members, at least 136 members must be present to conduct business.
• Quorum ensures that decisions are made with sufficient representation and prevents any single party from dominating proceedings.
• Meetings cannot proceed unless this minimum number is met, ensuring fair participation.

This rule is crucial for maintaining the integrity and functionality of the Lok Sabha.

The Parliament of India has specific legislative powers that are defined by the Constitution. It can legislate on various subjects, which are categorised into lists.

• Union List: This list includes subjects of national importance, such as defence, foreign affairs, and atomic energy. The Parliament has exclusive power to make laws on these matters.
• Concurrent List: This list contains subjects where both the Parliament and state legislatures can make laws. Examples include education, marriage, and criminal law. In case of conflict, the law made by Parliament prevails.
• State List: This list consists of subjects on which only state legislatures can make laws, such as police, public health, and agriculture. Parliament cannot legislate on these matters unless certain conditions are met.

In summary, the Parliament holds legislative authority over the Union List and the Concurrent List, allowing it to govern critical national issues while also sharing power on certain subjects with the states.

The power to prorogue the Lok Sabha lies with the President of India. This constitutional authority allows the President to suspend a session of Parliament, typically either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha, without dissolving it.

Key points regarding this power include:

• The President acts on the advice of the Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime Minister.
• Prorogation can occur at any time and is not limited to the end of a session.
• It is a formal procedure, and the President's decision is usually communicated through an official notification.

Understanding this process is essential for grasping the workings of Indian parliamentary democracy, as it affects legislative proceedings and governance.

Bicameral legislature refers to a type of legislative system that consists of two distinct chambers or houses. Here are some key points to understand:

• A bicameral legislature is made up of an upper chamber and a lower chamber.
• This structure allows for a more thorough review of legislation, as bills must pass through both chambers.
• Common examples of bicameral legislatures include the United States Congress and the UK Parliament.
• The two chambers often have different roles, powers, and methods of election.

This system is designed to ensure that various perspectives are considered in the legislative process, enhancing democratic representation.

The position of the president was significantly affected by the 42nd amendment. However, this was later somewhat restored by subsequent amendments.

• The 44th amendment played a crucial role in this restoration.
• It aimed to reinforce the powers and responsibilities of the presidency.
• This amendment was part of a broader effort to address the imbalances created by earlier reforms.

In summary, the 44th amendment is key to understanding how the presidency regained its standing in the constitutional framework.

The oath of office is administered to the members of the state council of ministers by the governor.

• The governor plays a crucial role in the formation of the state government.
• This ceremony is a formal procedure that marks the beginning of their duties.
• It ensures that ministers commit to serving the state and upholding its laws.

The power of the Supreme Court of India to resolve disputes between the central government and the states is classified as its original jurisdiction. This means that the Supreme Court has the authority to hear cases directly, rather than on appeal from lower courts.

• Original Jurisdiction: It allows the Supreme Court to address disputes involving the constitutionality of laws or issues that affect the central and state governments.
• This jurisdiction is significant for maintaining federal balance and ensuring that both the central and state governments operate within their constitutional limits.
• It provides a mechanism for the resolution of conflicts that might arise due to overlapping powers or responsibilities.

In summary, the Supreme Court plays a crucial role in safeguarding the constitutional framework of India by addressing disputes between the centre and states through its original jurisdiction.

The members of Lok Sabha are elected through a direct voting process.

• They are chosen directly by the people of India.
• This means every eligible voter has a say in selecting their representatives.
• Unlike some other legislative bodies, there are no indirect elections or nominations.

In summary, Lok Sabha members represent the will of the people through a straightforward electoral process.

The Parliament can legislate on matters listed in the state list under specific conditions:

• Rajya Sabha Resolution: If the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution with a two-thirds majority, declaring the subject to be of national importance.
• State Recommendations: When the legislatures of two or more states recommend that Parliament should legislate on a particular subject related to those states.
• Treaties and Agreements: For the implementation of treaties and agreements made with foreign powers.

Thus, all the above conditions allow Parliament to take legislative action on state list subjects.

The oath of office is an important ceremony where the Governor takes a solemn promise to uphold the duties of their position.

This oath is administered by the chief justice of the high court. Here are some key points about the process:

• The chief justice ensures that the oath is taken seriously, emphasising the responsibilities the Governor will undertake.
• This ceremony is significant as it marks the official beginning of the Governor's term in office.
• The high court's involvement highlights the importance of the rule of law and the separation of powers within the government.
• After taking the oath, the Governor is expected to perform their duties with integrity and uphold the Constitution.

In summary, the oath administered by the chief justice of the high court is a crucial step for the Governor, signifying their commitment to serve and uphold the law.

Members of Parliament in India have the option to communicate in various languages during sessions.

• They can use English, which is one of the official languages.
• Hindi is also an official language available for communication.
• Members are allowed to speak in their mother tongue as well, promoting regional languages.

This flexibility ensures that all members can effectively express their views and engage in discussions, regardless of their linguistic background.

The nature of the anti-Imperialist struggle was

• The struggle was initially constitutional and predominantly non-violent.
• It began with peaceful protests and legal challenges.
• Over time, some movements may have adopted more assertive tactics, but the foundation was rooted in non-violent resistance.
• Support from local populations was crucial in maintaining this approach.

In summary, the anti-Imperialist struggle mainly focused on peaceful methods to achieve political change.

The position of the Prime Minister of India is superior to that of his counterpart in Britain due to several key factors:

• Democracy: India is the largest democracy in the world, which enhances the significance of the Prime Minister's role.
• Federal System: India operates under a federal system, distributing power across various levels of government, which increases the Prime Minister's influence.
• Written Constitution: India has a written constitution that outlines the powers and responsibilities of the Prime Minister, ensuring clarity and authority.
• Constitutional Basis: The Prime Minister's office is firmly rooted in the constitution, providing a strong legal foundation for its functions.

The members of the committees of Parliament are typically:

• Appointed by the speaker or elected by the House from its own members.
• Sometimes selected based on nominations from party leaders.
• Not usually appointed by the prime minister.
• Not elected from individuals who are not members of Parliament.

This process ensures that the committees are composed of individuals who are already involved in the legislative process, promoting informed discussions and decisions.

The Parliament of India can legislate on subjects within the state list under specific conditions:

• The President must issue an order that authorises Parliament to legislate on the matter.
• The Supreme Court of India may grant authority to Parliament regarding this issue.
• The Rajya Sabha must pass a resolution with a two-thirds majority, indicating that legislation is necessary for national interest.

These conditions enable Parliament to take action on state matters, ensuring that legislation can adapt to national needs.

The members of the State Public Service Commission are appointed by the governor. This role is crucial for maintaining the integrity and efficiency of public services within the state. Below are the key points regarding this process:

• The governor holds the authority to appoint members, ensuring that they are qualified for their roles.
• Appointments are typically made based on recommendations and qualifications, promoting transparency and fairness.
• The commission plays an essential role in selecting candidates for various public service positions.
• These appointments help maintain a balance of power within the state government.

Understanding the appointment process is vital for recognising how public services are managed and operated at the state level.