Test: Pteridophytes (NCERT) - NEET MCQ

Pteridophytes are significant in evolution because they are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues, including xylem and phloem, which allow them to transport water and nutrients.

Line in NCERT: "Evolutionarily, they are the first terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues - xylem and phloem."

Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia which produce two kinds of spores, macro (large) and micro (small) spores, are known as heterosporous. The megaspores and microspores germinate and give rise to female and male gametophytes, respectively

 A heterosporous pteridophyte
SALVINIA

To determine which set of items is all correct in the given options regarding plant classification:

- Option A: A - Equisetum, B - Ginkgo, C - Selaginella, D - Lycopodium
- Option B: A - Selaginella, B - Equisetum, C - Salvinia, D - Ginkgo
- Option C: A - Funaria, B - Adiantum, C - Salvinia, D - Riccia
- Option D: A - Chara, B - Marchantia, C - Fucus, D - Pinus

The correct answer is Option B:
- Selaginella, Equisetum, Salvinia, and Ginkgo are all correctly matched with their respective plant names.

The correct answer is B: Three.
 The spores germinate to give rise to inconspicuous, small but multicellular, free-living, mostly photosynthetic thalloid gametophytes called prothallus. These gametophytes require cool, damp, shady places to grow. Because of this specific restricted requirement and the need for water for fertilisation, the spread of living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical regions.

Therefore, three statements are correct regarding the gametophyte in pteridophytes.

Line in NCERT: "These gametophytes require cool, damp, shady places to grow. Because of this specific restricted requirement and the need for water for fertilisation, the spread of living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical regions."

The spreading of living pteridophytes is limited and is restricted to narrow geographical region because its gametophytes require cool, damp, shady places to grow and also it requires water for fertilization.

Line in NCERT: "These gametophytes require cool, damp, shady places to grow. Because of this specific restricted requirement and the need for water for fertilisation, the spread of living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical regions."

The correct group consisting of all genera exhibiting homospory is:

Option D Equisetum, Psilotum, Lycopodium, Pteris

These genera are known to exhibit homospory, where they produce a single type of spore.

Solution:
Incorrect statement: 3. The zygote develops into a unicellular sporophyte.

Explanation: The zygote actually develops into a multicellular well-differentiated sporophyte, not a unicellular one.

Line in NCERT: "Zygote thereafter produces a multicellular well-differentiated sporophyte which is the dominant phase of the pteridophytes."

Solution:
Correct answer: 1. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation: The development of the zygote within the female gametophyte provides protection and nourishment to the embryo, which is a key evolutionary step leading to the development of seeds in higher plants. Thus, both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.

Line in NCERT: "The development of the zygotes into young embryos take place within the female gametophytes. This event is a precursor to the seed habit considered an important step in evolution."

The leaf-like appendages that subtend the sporangia in pteridophytes are called sporophylls. They are responsible for bearing the sporangia.

Line in NCERT: "The sporophytes bear sporangia that are subtended by leaf-like appendages called sporophylls."

The leaves in pteridophyta are small (microphylls) as in Selaginella or large (macrophylls) as in ferns. The sporophytes bear sporangia that are subtended by leaf-like appendages called sporophylls.

Line in NCERT: "The leaves in pteridophyta are small (microphylls) as in Selaginella or large (macrophylls) as in ferns."