Test: Matter In Our Surroundings - 2 - UPSC

Option A ,B and D all shows the property possessed by matter hence C is incorrect.

There is space between particles of matter in liquid and gases. Hence it is called intermolecular spaces .

 option B is incorrect.

Kelvin is the SI Unit of measurement of temperatures. It is represented with the Unit Kelvin 'K'.

Temperatures can be converted from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273 to the Celsius Scale.

We have been given 3 temperatures here which are in the Celsius Scale.

25°C, 38°C and 66°C

To convert all of them to the Kelvin Scale, add 273 to all of them.

25 + 273 = 298 K
38 + 273 = 311 K
66 + 273 = 339 K

High pressure and low temperature allows the particle to come closer that compresses a liquid to form gas. 

Because liquid and gases have the tendency to flow.

solids have more force of attraction than liquids and gases.

Increase in temperature of water increases kinetic energy hence increases rate of evaporation.

Evaporation ,diffusion and expansion of gases increase the temperature. Evaporation rate increases because of increasing temperature ,kinetic energy of molecules increases , so the molecules present at the surface of the liquid leave the surface quickly and go into the vapour state.

In evaporation when the temperature is increased the molecules gain kinetic energy and molecules start to move faster and in order to become ga, it must overcome intermolecular forces between different molecules. Increasing the speed, molecules break free from bonds and evaporates.

Low temperature and high pressure are required to liquefy gases to liquids. There is a lot of space between the particles of a gas. On applying high pressure, the particles of gas move get so close that they start attracting each other sufficiently forming a liquid. When gas is compressed too much, heat is produced, so it is necessary to cool it. Cooling lowers the temperature of compressed gas and helps in liquefying it. Hence, a gas can be liquefied by applying high pressure and lowering the temperature (cooling).

Solids have more density than liquids and gases.

All three phenomena occurs when solid melts to form liquid hence option D is correct.

Temperature and pressure both controls  the state of a matter.

Insoluble impurities do not affect the rate of evaporation.

The heat  energy  required  to change  the state  of unit mass of  a substance  is called  latent  heat.  As the given solid is of unit mass  ( 1 kg)   and  we have  to change   its state into  liquid  , therefore  heat  needed will  be specific  latent heat of  fusion.

Sublimation is when a solid changes directly to gas without changing into liquid.
NaCl when heated does not change its state when heated , while all the other options sublime. Hence sodium chloride is the right answer.

SI unit of pressure is Pascal

Any thing flows due to weaker intermolecular forces between them.

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase. Ammonium chloride, Camphor, Anthracene, Naphthalene can sublime but common salt cannot sublime.