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Test: Nutrition in Animals - UPSC MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE - Test: Nutrition in Animals

Test: Nutrition in Animals for UPSC 2024 is part of Science & Technology for UPSC CSE preparation. The Test: Nutrition in Animals questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Test: Nutrition in Animals MCQs are made for UPSC 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Nutrition in Animals below.
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Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 1

Our mouth has __________ glands which secrete saliva.

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 1

Salivary glands in our mouth produce saliva. Saliva helps in breaking down food while chewing and swallowing. It also contains enzymes that start the digestion process.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 2

Ingestion is the process in which organism _________.

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 2

The process of intake of food inside the body is known as Ingestion. It is a vital step in the process of animal nutrition. When animals eat or drink something, they are ingesting it.

Ingestion involves taking food into the mouth and swallowing it. The mouth is the starting point of the digestive system, where the process of breaking down food begins. Animals have different ways of ingesting food depending on their body structure and eating habits.

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Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 3

Bile is produced in

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 3

Production of Bile in the Liver

- The liver is the primary organ responsible for the production of bile in the human body.
- Bile is a yellow-green fluid that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine.
- Hepatocytes, the main functional cells of the liver, synthesize bile by extracting waste products, cholesterol, and other substances from the blood.
- Bile is then stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released into the small intestine to help with the digestion of fats.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 4

What are the two different sets of teeth that humans have?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 4
  • Humans have two sets of teeth.
  • The first set is called milk teeth, which we get when we are babies.
  • These teeth fall off when we are around six to eight years old.
  • The second set that grows in place of the milk teeth are called permanent teeth.
  • These teeth can last for a long time or fall off when we get old or if we have some problems with our teeth.
  • So, remember, we have milk teeth first, and then we get our permanent teeth.
Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 5

The stomach is a thick-walled bag that receives food from the food pipe at one end and opens into the ____ at the other.

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 5

The stomach receives food from the food pipe and opens into the small intestine at the other end for further digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 6

What process allows digested food to pass into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 6

The Correct Option is d: Absorption

The process of digested food passing into the blood vessels in the wall of the intestine is called Absorption.
During digestion, food is broken down into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body for energy and other functions. After digestion takes place in the stomach and small intestine, the resulting nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, need to be transported into the bloodstream so that they can be distributed to various cells and tissues in the body.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 7

The acid present in the stomach:

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 7

'Hydrochloric acid' (HCL) is an acid that is secreted in the stomach. It helps to kill the harmful bacteria that may enter with food.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 8

What does saliva do to food?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 8

Saliva helps in breaking down the starch in food into sugars. This makes it easier for our bodies to digest the food we eat. So, saliva plays an important role in making food easier for our bodies to use for energy.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 9

What is the process of cud returning to the mouth in small lumps and being chewed by the animal called?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 9

The process of cud returning to the mouth and being chewed is called Rumination.

Rumination is a special way of digesting food that happens in animals like cows, sheep, and goats. These animals have a special part in their stomach called the rumen that helps them get the most out of the nutrients in plants. When they eat, the food goes into the rumen where it gets broken down by tiny organisms and turns into a soft lump called cud.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 10

Which part of the body is responsible for carrying food from the mouth to the stomach?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 10

Oesophagus is the part of the body which is responsible for carrying food from the mouth to the stomach. It is also commonly known as Food Pipe.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 11

What is the role of villi in the intestine?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 11
  • Villi in the intestine help to absorb the food that has been digested.
  • They are like tiny fingers that take in the good parts of the food and send them to different parts of the body to help us grow and stay healthy.
Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 12

Amoeba obtains the food using a finger-like projection called _________.

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 12

The finger-like projections are called “pseudopodia“. They not only help in engulfing food molecules but also help the organism in movement.

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Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 13

Which of the following are the main steps of nutrition in humans?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 13

The correct sequence of the main steps of nutrition in humans is:

- Ingestion: Intake of food
- Digestion: Breakdown of food into smaller molecules
- Absorption: Passage of digested food molecules into the bloodstream
- Assimilation: Utilization of absorbed nutrients by cells
- Egestion: Elimination of undigested waste

This order ensures that nutrients are extracted from food, absorbed, utilized by the body, and waste is removed efficiently.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 14

What is the largest gland in the human body?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 14
  1. Liver:

    • Size: The liver is the largest gland in the human body, weighing about 1.5 kg (3.3 lbs) in adults. It is located in the upper right part of the abdomen.
  2. Pancreas:

    • Size: The pancreas is smaller compared to the liver. It weighs around 70-100 grams.
    • Functions: It has both endocrine (insulin and glucagon production) and exocrine (digestive enzyme secretion) functions, but it is not the largest gland.
  3. Thyroid:

    • Size: The thyroid gland is relatively small, located in the neck. It weighs about 20-30 grams.
    • Functions: Produces hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) that regulate metabolism.
  4. Adrenal:

    • Size: The adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of each kidney.
    • Functions: They produce hormones such as adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone, but are smaller in size compared to the liver.

The liver’s size, combined with its extensive role in metabolic and regulatory functions, makes it the largest gland in the human body.

Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 15

Which juice is released by the stomach to aid digestion?

Detailed Solution for Test: Nutrition in Animals - Question 15

Gastric juice is a variable mixture of water, hydrochloric acid, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate, sulfate, and bicarbonate), and organic substances (mucus, pepsins, and protein). This juice is highly acidic because of its hydrochloric acid content, and it is rich in enzymes.

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