Sociology: CUET Mock Test - 2 - CUET MCQ

(A) Correct: Indian language newspapers have contributed significantly to the rise of local news and information, especially in regional languages.
(B) Incorrect: While electronic media (television) has grown, print media has not declined but instead adapted to include more diverse content.
(C) Correct: The rise of literacy and urban migration has expanded the reach of Indian language newspapers, especially in Hindi and regional languages.
(D) Incorrect: Many Indian newspapers still focus on infotainment alongside serious political news, catering to a wide range of reader interests.
(E) Correct: The introduction of radio, especially during the colonial and post-independence periods, helped foster national unity by spreading news and cultural programs across diverse regions.

(A), (B), (D), and (E)

Solution:

• (A) Correct: The introduction of satellite TV in the 1990s revolutionized the Indian television landscape, with private channels like Star Plus and Zee TV expanding content diversity and viewership.
• (B) Correct: In the early years after independence (1947–1980s), Indian media, including All India Radio and Doordarshan, was primarily government-controlled, with limited commercial influence until economic liberalization in the 1990s.
• (C) Incorrect: The rise of satellite TV networks was not due to a lack of government regulations. The government imposed content and licensing restrictions, but rapid technological adoption and market demand drove growth.
• (D) Correct: Infotainment emerged as media outlets sought to attract larger, diverse audiences by blending entertainment with information, a trend evident in news and lifestyle programming.
• (E) Correct: "Hum Log," aired on Doordarshan in the 1980s, was a landmark show that combined entertainment with social messaging, addressing issues like gender equality and family dynamics.

(A) Incorrect: Social movements require organised leadership and sustained action. They are not spontaneous protests.
(B) Correct: Social movements involve organised, collective action aimed at bringing about social or political change.
(C) Correct: The Chipko Movement was a significant ecological movement focused on preventing deforestation and protecting local forests.
(D) Incorrect: Counter movements often arise in opposition to social movements, particularly when there is resistance to the changes they advocate.
(E) Correct: Social movements can inspire other movements by creating a shared sense of purpose and collective action.

(A) Incorrect: Social movements do not always lead to immediate or radical changes. Many movements evolve over time and face significant resistance.
(B) Correct: Social movements involve various methods, including protests, meetings, lobbying, and creating public awareness to achieve their objectives.
(C) Correct: The Naxalite movement is an example of a revolutionary social movement that seeks to radically transform societal structures, particularly in rural India.
(D) Correct: Social movements often face significant opposition from entrenched interests and values, which can slow the pace of change.
(E) Incorrect: Women’s and environmental movements have existed for a long time and were particularly prominent in the 20th century, not just the 21st century.

Demography focuses on population size, birth rates, death rates, migration, and how these affect society, including social, economic, and political aspects.

The passage defines formal demography as quantitative and social demography as focusing on social, economic, and political factors related to population.

Data collection, such as through censuses, is crucial for understanding population changes, which in turn help plan societal policies.

Demography provided a foundation for sociology by highlighting how population trends impact social phenomena and societal development.

Censuses and surveys are the primary methods used in demographic studies to collect and analyze data about population trends.

Malthus argued that population grows faster than food production, leading to inevitable poverty and famine.

Critics like Marxists and liberals believed that poverty and starvation resulted from unequal distribution of economic resources, not from overpopulation.

Malthus predicted that population growth would outstrip food production (and thus economic capacity), leading to inevitable poverty, famine, and disease. This was disproved by economic growth and technological advancements that enabled food production to meet rising demands.

Malthus's theory failed to account for technological innovations and economic growth that allowed food production to increase despite population growth.

The central concern of Malthus’s theory is that rapid population growth, outpacing food production, would inevitably lead to poverty, famine, and disease due to resource scarcity.

(A) Incorrect: Sociology does not study society from a common sense perspective; it aims to critically analyze society beyond common knowledge.
(B) Incorrect: Sociology does not provide a complete and unbiased view of society. It acknowledges partial viewpoints.
(C) Correct: Sociology teaches us to look at social issues from multiple perspectives, enhancing our understanding of different realities.
(D) Correct: Self-reflexivity encourages individuals to reflect on their actions and biases critically, which is important in sociology.
(E) Incorrect: Sociology does not encourage seeing the world only from one's own perspective; it promotes understanding from various viewpoints.

Agricultural diversification is an important mechanism for economic growth. It depends, however, on there being opportunities for diversification and on farmers’ responsiveness to those opportunities. Agricultural diversification can be facilitated by technological breaks-through, by changes in consumer demand or in government policy or in trade arrangements, and by development of irrigation, roads, and other infrastructures.

Tamil Nadu Women in Agriculture (TANWA) was a project initiated in the late 1980s in Tamil Nadu to train women in latest agricultural techniques and in organic farming. It encouraged women to actively participate in raising agricultural productivity and family income.

A significant increase in horticulture production is called Golden Revolution in India. In India, the period between 1991-2003 is termed as ‘Golden Revolution’. This period witnessed a tremendous increase in the productivity in horticulture. As a result, during this period, there was a huge increase in the production of various fruits, vegetables, spices and other horticulture products.

The farm sector grew at an average rate of 3.7 per cent as against 4 per cent targeted in the five year policy period. As against an annual average growth of 10-11 per cent envisaged for the industry during the period, the actual annual average growth stood at 7.2 per cent during the plan period.

Regional Rural Banks are government owned scheduled commercial banks of India that operate at regional level in different states of India. These banks are under the ownership of Ministry of Finance, Government of India. They were created to serve rural areas with basic banking and financial services.

Like any Indian, you already know that caste is the name of an ancient social institution that has been part of Indian history and culture for thousands of years. But like any Indian living in the twenty-first century, you also know that something called caste is definitely a part of Indian society today. 

The 1901 census under the direction of Herbert Risley  was particularly important as it sought to collect information on the social hierarchy of caste, i.e., the social order of precedence in particular regions, as to the position of each caste in the rank order.

Urbanization and the conditions of collective living in the cities made it difficult for the caste-segregated patterns of social interaction to survive.

Tribal communities in India have diverse religious practices, including animism, Christianity, and indigenous beliefs, and their attitudes toward mainstream religions like Hinduism vary widely. Some tribes assimilate partially, while others resist, making it inaccurate to claim a universal positive inclination toward any single religion.

Industrial areas in Jharkhand have seen a dilution of the tribal population share due to non-tribal migration for industrial jobs, reducing tribal influence. Similar trends are observed in Arunachal Pradesh, often leading to tribal resistance against external pressures.

Globalization has brought the world closer. It has made import and export of goods easier between all the countries. One can get access to the different goods available across the world due to globalization. Hence, as there has been globalization of markets, the tastes and preferences of consumers world-wide are converging upon a global norm.

The seventh World Social Forum was held in Nairobi, Kenya in January 2007. There were 66,000 registered attendees, and 1,400 participating organizations from 110 countries, making it the most globally representative WSF so far.

1991 Liberalisation Privatisation and Globalisation reforms were carried out by Government of India to fight the crisis.

Highest fiscal deficit ever reached is 9% of GDP which reached in 1986-87 financial year.

Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in rural areas, often relatively isolated and sparsely populated areas. Rural development has traditionally centered on the exploitation of land-intensive natural resources such as agriculture and forestry.