Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 25th July 2024 - UPSC MCQ

1. Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) is correctly matched. This case recognized the right to livelihood as part of the right to life under Article 21.

2. Chameli Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh (1996) is correctly matched. This case declared that the right to shelter is a fundamental right under Article 21, including adequate living space and sanitation.

3. Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation v. Nawab Khan Gulab Khan (1997) is incorrectly matched. This case did not direct the state to provide free healthcare services but reiterated the state's duty to provide shelter to make the right to life meaningful.

4. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 is incorrectly matched. This Act does not specifically provide the right to shelter but recognizes forest rights, including habitation rights for forest dwellers.

Thus, pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched.

Statement-I is accurate as the GEAC did recommend the environmental release of GM mustard for field tests on May 11, 2017. However, Statement-II is incorrect as the Ministry of Environment sent the proposal back for re-examination in March 2018, not for the initial approval. This discrepancy clarifies that Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is inaccurate in this context.

Statement-I suggests that the right to shelter is not explicitly mentioned as a Fundamental Right in the Indian Constitution, which is correct. The Constitution of India does not explicitly mention the right to shelter as a Fundamental Right.
Statement-II correctly points out that the Supreme Court has consistently upheld the right to shelter as a Fundamental Right under Article 21 of the Constitution. Judicial pronouncements, such as Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation and Chameli Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh, have recognized the right to shelter as an integral part of the right to life guaranteed by Article 21.
Therefore, both statements are accurate, and Statement-II logically explains Statement-I, making option (a) the correct answer.

1. GEAC : Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

- Incorrect. GEAC stands for Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee.

2. CGMCP : Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants

- Correct. CGMCP stands for Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants.

3. MoEF&CC : Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change

- Correct. MoEF&CC stands for Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change.

4. ICMR : Indian Council of Medical Research

- Correct. ICMR stands for Indian Council of Medical Research.

Thus, pairs 2, 3, and 4 are correctly matched. Only pair 1 is incorrect.

Statement-I correctly identifies the amendment in Section 28DA of the Customs Act, stating the replacement of the requirement for a "certificate" of origin with a broader "proof" of origin. This aligns with the information provided in the text.
Statement-II also accurately mentions that the amendment aligns with global customs practices and may be implemented based on future trade agreements. However, Statement-II does not provide an explanation of Statement-I but rather adds further context related to the implications of the amendment. Hence, both statements are correct, but Statement-II does not directly explain Statement-I, making option (b) the correct choice.

CRISPR-Cas9 technology is renowned for its ability to enable precise editing of DNA sequences. This technology involves the use of the Cas9 enzyme, which acts as molecular scissors, cutting DNA at specific locations, guided by designed RNA sequences. By targeting specific genetic areas, researchers can modify DNA sequences with accuracy, making it a powerful tool in genetic research, potential therapeutic applications, and various other scientific endeavors.

Statement-I correctly identifies the Gandhi Sagar sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh as the site for the cheetah relocation initiative, as mentioned in the provided text. Statement-II mentions the preparation of the Banni Grasslands in Gujarat to accommodate some cheetahs, which is also accurate. However, while both statements are correct, Statement-II does not provide an explanation or additional information related to Statement-I. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

1. Correct - The Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary is indeed located in western India, covering an area of 368.62 sq km, and includes the Gandhi Sagar dam and reservoir within its boundaries. This makes statement 1 accurate.

2. Incorrect - Cheetahs are classified as VULNERABLE by the IUCN, not ENDANGERED, and they are listed under Schedule II of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, not Schedule I. Therefore, statement 2 is incorrect.

3. Correct - The Banni Grasslands in Gujarat are indeed inhabited by pastoral communities known as the Maldharis, who rely on livestock grazing for their livelihood. This makes statement 3 accurate.

Given the correctness of statements 1 and 3, the correct answer is Option C: 1 and 3 Only.

1. Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary - Madhya Pradesh: Correct. The Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary is located in Madhya Pradesh.

2. Banni Grasslands - Rajasthan: Incorrect. The Banni Grasslands are located in the Kutch district of Gujarat, not Rajasthan.

3. Kuno National Park - Gujarat: Incorrect. Kuno National Park is located in Madhya Pradesh, not Gujarat.

4. Maasai Mara - Kenya: Correct. The Maasai Mara is a large game reserve in Kenya.

Thus, only the first and fourth pairs are correctly matched. The correct answer is Option A: Only one pair.

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