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Test: The World Population- 2 - UPSC MCQ


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20 Questions MCQ Test Geography for UPSC CSE - Test: The World Population- 2

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Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 1

What do we discuss about population distribution and density?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 1

Population Distribution and Density

  • Shapes: Population distribution refers to how people are spread out across a geographical area. The shape of the population distribution can vary, such as clustered, dispersed, or linear.

  • Designs: Population density is the number of people living in a specific area. It is often represented as the number of individuals per unit of land area. Different designs of population density can indicate urban, suburban, or rural areas.

  • Lines: Population distribution can be represented by lines on a map to show areas of high and low population density. These lines can help identify patterns of population distribution across a region.

  • Patterns: Patterns in population distribution and density can reveal trends such as urbanization, migration, and economic development. Understanding these patterns can help policymakers make informed decisions about resource allocation and infrastructure development.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 2

Who said that Asia has many places where people are few and few place where people are very many?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 2

Who said that Asia has many places where people are few and few places where people are very many?



  • George B. Cressey: George B. Cressey is the one who said that Asia has many places where people are few and few places where people are very many. He was a renowned American geographer known for his studies on population distribution and settlement patterns.

  • Frank G. Cressey: Frank G. Cressey is not the correct answer in this case. He was not the one who made this statement.

  • Aristotle: Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher, did not make this specific statement about population distribution in Asia.

  • Frances Babcock: Frances Babcock is not associated with this quote. She was an American geographer known for her work on urban geography.


Therefore, the correct answer is George B. Cressey, as he is the one credited with this observation about population distribution in Asia.

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Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 3

What percentage of the world population lives in about 10 percent of its land area?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 3

Population Distribution:

  • World Population: The total world population is approximately 7.9 billion.


Land Area:

  • Total Land Area: The total land area of the world is about 148.94 million square kilometers.

  • Percentage of Land Area: 10% of the total land area is approximately 14.89 million square kilometers.


Population Living in 10% Land Area:

  • Percentage of World Population: Around 90% of the world population lives in approximately 10% of its land area.

  • Calculation: (7.9 billion * 90%) = 7.11 billion people live in 10% of the land area.


Conclusion:

  • Answer: Option B: 90% of the world population lives in about 10% of its land area.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 4

What percentage of the world's population is in the world’s ten most populous countries?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 4

Calculation:

  • First, we need to find the total population of the world.

  • According to the United Nations, the current world population is approximately 7.8 billion.

  • Next, we need to find the total population of the top ten most populous countries in the world.

  • The top ten most populous countries are China, India, United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, Brazil, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, and Mexico.

  • The total population of these countries is approximately 5.7 billion.

  • Now, we can calculate the percentage of the world's population in the top ten most populous countries.

  • To do this, we divide the total population of the top ten countries by the total world population and multiply by 100.

  • (5.7 billion / 7.8 billion) * 100 ≈ 73.08%


Answer:

  • The percentage of the world's population in the world’s ten most populous countries is approximately 73.08%.

  • Therefore, option A (60%) is not the correct answer.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 5

How many of the ten most populous countries are located in Asia?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 5

China, India, United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, Nigeria, Brazil, Bangladesh, Russia, and Mexico, Japan.
Asia - China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh,Japan.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 6

What type of zones are scarcely populated?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 6

Scarcely Populated Zones:



  • Mountains: Mountainous regions are often scarcely populated due to the rugged terrain, harsh weather conditions, and limited resources available for human habitation.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 7

What is an extreme climate like very hot or cold deserts?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 7
Extreme Climate like Very Hot or Cold Deserts

  • Uncomfortable: Extreme climates like very hot or cold deserts are generally considered uncomfortable due to the harsh conditions they present.

  • Hot Deserts: In hot deserts, temperatures can soar to extreme levels during the day, making it difficult for humans to stay cool and comfortable.

  • Cold Deserts: Similarly, cold deserts can experience freezing temperatures that are unbearable for most individuals.

  • Lack of Water: Both hot and cold deserts often lack sufficient water resources, making it challenging for living organisms to survive.

  • Extreme Conditions: The extreme conditions in these climates can pose risks to health and well-being, requiring individuals to take precautions to stay safe.

  • Adaptation: Organisms that inhabit these extreme climates have evolved unique adaptations to survive, but for humans, these environments can be very uncomfortable.


By understanding the nature of extreme climates like very hot or cold deserts, it becomes clear why they are considered uncomfortable for most individuals. The lack of resources, extreme temperatures, and challenging conditions make these environments difficult to thrive in.
Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 8

Who offers incentives to people to live in sparsely populated areas or move away from overcrowded places?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 8
Why Governments Offer Incentives to People

  • Population Distribution: Governments offer incentives to address population distribution issues. Sparsely populated areas may struggle with infrastructure development and economic growth, while overcrowded places face challenges like housing shortages and overburdened public services.

  • Economic Development: By incentivizing people to move to less populated areas, governments can stimulate economic development in those regions. This can create new job opportunities, attract investments, and boost local businesses.

  • Resource Utilization: Incentivizing people to live in sparsely populated areas can help better utilize natural resources, prevent environmental degradation, and reduce strain on infrastructure in overcrowded places.

  • Social Welfare: Governments may offer incentives to improve the quality of life for residents. By encouraging people to move away from overcrowded areas, they can reduce congestion, improve access to services, and enhance overall well-being.


Types of Incentives Offered by Governments

  • Tax Breaks: Governments may provide tax incentives, such as reduced income taxes or property tax discounts, to encourage people to move to sparsely populated areas.

  • Subsidies: Subsidies for housing, transportation, or utilities can make living in less populated areas more affordable and attractive to individuals and families.

  • Job Opportunities: Governments may create employment programs or offer incentives to companies to set up operations in sparsely populated regions, providing job opportunities for those who relocate.

  • Infrastructure Development: Investing in infrastructure projects, such as building roads, schools, healthcare facilities, and recreational amenities, can make living in sparsely populated areas more appealing.


By offering these incentives, governments aim to achieve a more balanced population distribution, promote sustainable development, and improve the overall well-being of their citizens.
Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 9

What is the one way by which the population size changes?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 9
Population Size Changes

  • Migration: One way by which the population size changes is through migration. Migration refers to the movement of individuals from one location to another. This can be either immigration (moving into a population) or emigration (moving out of a population). When individuals migrate into a population, the population size increases. Conversely, when individuals migrate out of a population, the population size decreases.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 10

Migrants, who move into a new place are called what?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 10

What are migrants?

  • Definition: Migrants are individuals who move from one place to another in search of better living conditions or opportunities.

  • Reasons for Migration: Migrants may move for various reasons such as economic opportunities, political asylum, education, or family reunification.


Types of Migrants

  • Immigrants: Immigrants are individuals who move to a new country with the intention of settling there permanently.

  • Emigrants: Emigrants are individuals who leave their country to settle in another country.

  • Refugees: Refugees are individuals who are forced to flee their country due to persecution, war, or violence.


Legal Status of Migrants

  • Legal Migrants: Legal migrants have obtained the necessary documentation to enter and reside in a country legally.

  • Illegal Migrants: Illegal migrants enter a country without proper authorization and may face legal consequences.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 11

How many sets of factors influence migration?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 11
Factors influencing migration:

  • Push factors: These are the factors that compel individuals to leave their current location and migrate to a new one. Some common push factors include political instability, economic hardship, lack of job opportunities, natural disasters, and conflict.

  • Pull factors: These are the factors that attract individuals to a new location and encourage migration. Pull factors can include better job opportunities, higher wages, political stability, improved living conditions, and access to education and healthcare.


Additional factors influencing migration:

  • Social factors: Social networks and connections can play a significant role in influencing migration patterns. Individuals may choose to migrate to be closer to family members or friends, or they may be influenced by the experiences of others who have successfully migrated.

  • Cultural factors: Cultural differences between countries can also impact migration decisions. Individuals may be drawn to a new location because of its cultural attractions, language, traditions, or religious practices.

  • Environmental factors: Environmental changes such as climate change, natural disasters, or environmental degradation can also influence migration patterns. Individuals may be forced to migrate due to environmental factors that make their current location uninhabitable.


By considering these various factors, it becomes clear that migration is influenced by a complex interplay of push and pull factors, as well as social, cultural, and environmental influences. It is important to understand the multifaceted nature of migration in order to address the challenges and opportunities that arise from this global phenomenon.
Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 12

What is population growth in developed countries compared to developing countries?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 12
Population Growth in Developed Countries vs Developing Countries

  • Different Rates: Population growth in developed countries is generally lower compared to developing countries.

  • Factors: The difference in population growth rates can be attributed to various factors such as access to healthcare, education, family planning, and economic opportunities.

  • High Birth Rates: Developing countries tend to have higher birth rates due to factors like lack of access to contraception, cultural norms, and higher infant mortality rates.

  • Urbanization: Urbanization in developing countries can also contribute to higher population growth as people move from rural areas to cities in search of better opportunities.

  • Government Policies: Government policies on family planning and population control play a significant role in determining population growth rates in both developed and developing countries.

  • Impact: The difference in population growth rates between developed and developing countries can have implications for resource allocation, economic development, and environmental sustainability.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 13

What is the correlation between economic development and population growth?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 13

Correlation between Economic Development and Population Growth:

  • Negative correlation: Economic development and population growth often have a negative correlation.

  • Resource constraint: As the population grows, there may be a strain on resources, leading to decreased economic development.

  • Pressure on infrastructure: A rapidly growing population can put pressure on infrastructure, which may hinder economic growth.

  • Unemployment: High population growth can lead to higher unemployment rates, which can negatively impact economic development.

  • Income inequality: Rapid population growth can exacerbate income inequality, which can impede overall economic progress.

  • Environmental degradation: Increased population can result in environmental degradation, which can have adverse effects on economic development.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 14

In which year Thomas Malthus stated his theory?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 14
Thomas Malthus Theory

  • Year of Stating Theory: 1798


Detailed Explanation

  • Background: Thomas Malthus was an English cleric and scholar who formulated the theory of population growth in his work "An Essay on the Principle of Population".

  • Theory Statement: Malthus's theory, published in 1798, argued that population growth would eventually outpace food production, leading to widespread famine and poverty.

  • Impact: Malthus's theory sparked debates about the relationship between population growth and resources, influencing fields such as economics, sociology, and environmental studies.

  • Relevance: Malthus's theory continues to be studied and debated in the context of global population growth and sustainability challenges.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 15

What remains high at the beginning of the second stage but declines with time?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 15

Explanation:



  • Reproductive: Reproductive functions remain high at the beginning of the second stage but decline with time. This includes the ability to reproduce and produce offspring.

  • Fertility: Fertility is high at the beginning of the second stage but declines with time. Fertility refers to the ability to conceive and carry a pregnancy to term.

  • Infertility: While not mentioned in the question, infertility is the opposite of fertility and refers to the inability to conceive after a year of trying.

  • None: This option is incorrect as fertility does decline with time, especially as individuals age.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 16

What is the current annual population growth rate in India?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 16
Current Annual Population Growth Rate in India

  • Population Growth Rate: 1.64 percent


Detailed Explanation

  • Population Growth Rate Calculation: The current annual population growth rate in India is 1.64 percent. This means that the population of India is increasing by 1.64 percent each year.

  • Factors Affecting Population Growth: Population growth rate is influenced by factors such as birth rates, death rates, migration, and government policies.

  • Impact of Population Growth: A high population growth rate can lead to challenges such as strain on resources, increased unemployment, and pressure on infrastructure. It is important for the government to address these issues through policies and programs.

  • Comparison with Other Countries: India's population growth rate is higher than many developed countries but lower than some other developing countries.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 17

Migrants, who move out of a place are called what?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 17

Emigrants:



  • Definition: Emigrants are individuals who leave one country or region to settle in another.

  • Reasons for Emigration: Emigration can be due to various reasons such as seeking better economic opportunities, escaping persecution or war, or reuniting with family members.

  • Impact on the Host Country: Emigrants can bring cultural diversity, skills, and labor to the host country, contributing to its economy and society.

  • Challenges Faced by Emigrants: Emigrants may face challenges such as language barriers, cultural adjustment, and discrimination in the host country.

  • Legal Status: Emigrants may need to go through a legal process to obtain residency or citizenship in the host country.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 18

For which purpose demographic transition theory can be used?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 18

Demographic Transition Theory: Purpose and Application

  • Predicting Future Population: One of the primary purposes of demographic transition theory is to predict the future population trends of a country or region. By examining patterns of birth rates, death rates, and population growth, this theory can provide insights into how populations may change over time.

  • Understanding Population Dynamics: The theory can also be used to understand the dynamics of population change, including factors such as fertility rates, mortality rates, and migration patterns. This understanding can help policymakers make informed decisions about resource allocation and social programs.

  • Informing Policy Decisions: Demographic transition theory can inform policy decisions related to healthcare, education, family planning, and social welfare. By understanding population trends, policymakers can develop strategies to address issues such as an aging population or a declining birth rate.

  • Planning for Future Needs: By using demographic transition theory to predict future population trends, governments and organizations can better plan for future needs such as healthcare services, housing, and infrastructure. This can help ensure that resources are allocated efficiently and effectively.

  • Monitoring Progress: The theory can also be used to monitor the progress of a country or region in transitioning from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. By tracking demographic indicators over time, policymakers can assess the impact of interventions and measure progress towards demographic goals.


Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 19

What is the total world population according to 2021?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 19
Total World Population According to 2021

  • Current World Population: According to estimates in 2021, the total world population is around 7.9 billion.

  • Population Growth: The world population has been steadily increasing over the years due to factors such as improved healthcare, sanitation, and technology.

  • Geographic Distribution: The population is unevenly distributed across different regions, with countries like China and India having the highest populations.

  • Population Projection: Experts predict that the world population will continue to grow, reaching over 9 billion by 2050.

  • Challenges of Overpopulation: With a growing population, there are concerns about resource scarcity, environmental degradation, and social issues.

Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 20

World population exploded after which revolution?

Detailed Solution for Test: The World Population- 2 - Question 20

Industrial Revolution

  • Explanation:





  • Population Growth: The world population exploded after the Industrial Revolution, which occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

  • Technological Advancements: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant technological advancements, such as the steam engine and mechanized production processes, leading to increased productivity and economic growth.

  • Urbanization: Industrialization led to urbanization as people migrated from rural areas to cities in search of employment opportunities in factories and industries.

  • Improved Living Standards: The rise of industries and urban centers resulted in improved living standards for many people, leading to longer life expectancy and lower mortality rates.

  • Impact on Population: The combination of technological advancements, urbanization, and improved living standards contributed to a rapid increase in the world population during and after the Industrial Revolution.


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