Test: Modes of Asexual Reproduction - Class 10 MCQ

In vegetative propagation, once you have a plant with desirable traits, you can reproduce the same traits indefinitely, as long as the growing conditions remain similar.This can also help to maintain consistent quality and taste in products made from plants or crops.

Natural vegetative propagation occurs when an axillary bud grows into a lateral shoot and develops its own roots. Plant structures allowing natural vegetative propagation include bulbs, rhizomes, stolons and tubers.

• Organisms such as Hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding, where a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site.
• These buds develop into tiny individuals and when fully mature, detach from the parent body and become new independent individuals.

• Option A: Leishmania - Multiple fission:
  Explanation: This is incorrect. Leishmania undergoes binary fission in a definite orientation related to its whip-like structure.
• Option B: Plasmodium - Binary fission:
  Explanation: This is incorrect. Plasmodium, the malarial parasite, divides into many daughter cells simultaneously by multiple fission.
• Option C: Yeast - Budding:
  Explanation: This is correct. Yeast reproduces by budding, where small buds separate and grow further.
• Option D: Spirogyra - Regeneration:
  Explanation: This is incorrect. Spirogyra reproduces by fragmentation, where it breaks up into smaller pieces that grow into new individuals. Therefore, the correctly matched pair is Option C: Yeast - Budding.

• Option A: (a) Budding - Bryophyllum
• This pair is incorrect. Bryophyllum reproduces through vegetative propagation, not budding. Budding occurs in organisms like Hydra.
• Option B: (b) Spore Formation - Rhizopus
• This pair is correct. Rhizopus reproduces through spore formation, where sporangia produce spores.
• Option C: (c) Vegetative Propagation - Hydra
• This pair is incorrect. Hydra reproduces through budding, not vegetative propagation. Vegetative propagation occurs in plants like Bryophyllum.
• Option D: (d) Tissue Culture - Hydra
• This pair is incorrect. Tissue culture is a method used in plants, not in Hydra. It involves growing new plants from tissues or cells in an artificial medium.

Therefore, the correctly matched pair is Option B: (b) Spore Formation - Rhizopus.

• Assertion is correct as binary fission in Amoeba is indeed capable of occurring in any plane.
• The Reason is also correct because the flexibility in cell division orientation allows for this phenomenon.
• Moreover, the Reason serves as a correct explanation for the Assertion, as Amoeba's ability to divide in any plane is directly linked to its flexible cellular mechanics.

Fragmentation is the process by which Spirogyra breaks up into smaller pieces upon maturation for reproduction. This method allows the fragments to grow into new individuals, showcasing a unique aspect of asexual reproduction in certain organisms.

Cell division in bacteria and protozoa commonly occurs by splitting into two equal halves. This process, known as binary fission, results in the formation of two identical daughter cells. Binary fission is a rapid and efficient way for these unicellular organisms to reproduce asexually.