NEET Exam  >  NEET Tests  >  Biology Class 12  >  Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - NEET MCQ

Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - NEET MCQ


Test Description

15 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 - Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2

Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 12 preparation. The Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 below.
Solutions of Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 questions in English are available as part of our Biology Class 12 for NEET & Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 solutions in Hindi for Biology Class 12 course. Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for NEET Exam by signing up for free. Attempt Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 | 15 questions in 30 minutes | Mock test for NEET preparation | Free important questions MCQ to study Biology Class 12 for NEET Exam | Download free PDF with solutions
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 1

Read the following and answer any four questions from 3(1) to 3(v) given below: DNA replication is a complex multistep process that requires enzymes, protein factors and metal ions. DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs in the nucleus during the S-phase of the cell cycle. It is semi discontinuous in eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, replication takes place in the cytoplasm. DNA replication in bacteria occurs prior to fission. Nucleoid or viral chromosome is a single molecule of nucleic acid, it may be linear or circular. Nucleic acid in a virus is either DNA or RNA but never both.

In viral DNA, how many origins of replication are present?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 1
Replication begins at a particular spot called origin of replication or ori. Bacterial and viral DNA has a single origin of replication. It functions as a single replicating unit or replicon.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 2

Read the following and answer any four questions from 2(i) to 2(v) given below: In prokaryotes, DNA is circular and present in the cytoplasm but in eukaryotes, DNA is linear and mainly confined to the nucleus. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long polymer of nucleotides. In 1953, the first correct double helical structure of DNA was worked out by Watson and Crick. Based on the X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. It is composed of three components, i.e., A phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. Different forms of DNA are B-DNA, Z-DNA, A-DNA, C-DNA and D-DNA.

Name the linkage present between the nitrogen base and pentose sugar in DNA.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 2
In DNA the nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar join to form nucleoside with the help of a bond called glycosidic bond or N-glycosidic linkage.
1 Crore+ students have signed up on EduRev. Have you? Download the App
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 3

Read the following and answer any four questions from 3(1) to 3(v) given below: DNA replication is a complex multistep process that requires enzymes, protein factors and metal ions. DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs in the nucleus during the S-phase of the cell cycle. It is semi discontinuous in eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, replication takes place in the cytoplasm. DNA replication in bacteria occurs prior to fission. Nucleoid or viral chromosome is a single molecule of nucleic acid, it may be linear or circular. Nucleic acid in a virus is either DNA or RNA but never both.

Select the main enzyme involved in DNA replication.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 3
A large number of enzymes are required for DNA replication. DNA-dependent DNA polymerase is the main enzyme which takes part in combining deoxyribose nucleotides to form new DNA strands.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 4

Read the following and answer any four questions from 2(i) to 2(v) given below: In prokaryotes, DNA is circular and present in the cytoplasm but in eukaryotes, DNA is linear and mainly confined to the nucleus. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long polymer of nucleotides. In 1953, the first correct double helical structure of DNA was worked out by Watson and Crick. Based on the X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. It is composed of three components, i.e., A phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. Different forms of DNA are B-DNA, Z-DNA, A-DNA, C-DNA and D-DNA.

I he double helix structure of DNA was proposed by

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 4

The correct structure of D N A was first worked out by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. Their double-helix model of DNA structure was based on two major investigations, i.e Chargaff's rules of base pairing and study of X-ray diffraction patterns of DNA produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin which helped Watson and Crick to design the 3-dimensional structure of DNA.

Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 5

Read the following and answer any four questions from 3(1) to 3(v) given below: DNA replication is a complex multistep process that requires enzymes, protein factors and metal ions. DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs in the nucleus during the S-phase of the cell cycle. It is semi discontinuous in eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, replication takes place in the cytoplasm. DNA replication in bacteria occurs prior to fission. Nucleoid or viral chromosome is a single molecule of nucleic acid, it may be linear or circular. Nucleic acid in a virus is either DNA or RNA but never both.

DNA strand, built up of Okazaki fragments is called

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 5
Lagging strand is a replicated strand of DNA which is formed in short segments called Okazaki fragments. Its growth is discontinuous.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 6

Read the following and answer any four questions from 2(i) to 2(v) given below: In prokaryotes, DNA is circular and present in the cytoplasm but in eukaryotes, DNA is linear and mainly confined to the nucleus. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long polymer of nucleotides. In 1953, the first correct double helical structure of DNA was worked out by Watson and Crick. Based on the X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. It is composed of three components, i.e., A phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. Different forms of DNA are B-DNA, Z-DNA, A-DNA, C-DNA and D-DNA.

The double chain of B-DNA is coiled in a helical fashion. Ihe spiral twisting of B-DNA duplex produces

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 6
Due to spiral twisting, the B-DNA duplex comes to have two types of alternate grooves, Le.t major (length 22 A) and minor (length 12 A).
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 7

Read the following and answer any four questions from 3(1) to 3(v) given below: DNA replication is a complex multistep process that requires enzymes, protein factors and metal ions. DNA replication in eukaryotes occurs in the nucleus during the S-phase of the cell cycle. It is semi discontinuous in eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, replication takes place in the cytoplasm. DNA replication in bacteria occurs prior to fission. Nucleoid or viral chromosome is a single molecule of nucleic acid, it may be linear or circular. Nucleic acid in a virus is either DNA or RNA but never both.

Select the incorrect statement about DNA polymerase in eukaryotes.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 7
DNA Polymerase ? is the largest and main enzyme for replication in eukaryotes.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 8

Read the following and answer any four questions from 4(i) to 4(v) given below: The process o f copying genetic information from a template strand of DNA into RNA is called transcription. It is mediated by RNA polymerase. Transcription takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In transcription, only a segment of DNA and only one of the strands is copied into RNA.

Monocistronic structural genes are found in which organisms?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 8
Monocistronic structural gene carries information for synthesis of one polypeptide chain. They are mostly found in eukaryotes.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 9

Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

Which ion is essential for association of both units of ribosome at the time of protein formation?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 9
The two subunits o f ribosomes come together at the time of protein formation. This phenomenon is called association. Mg2+ is essential for it.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 10

Read the following and answer any four questions from 4(i) to 4(v) given below: The process o f copying genetic information from a template strand of DNA into RNA is called transcription. It is mediated by RNA polymerase. Transcription takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In transcription, only a segment of DNA and only one of the strands is copied into RNA.

Which enzyme helps in tailing or polyadenylation?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 10
Tailing or polyadenylation is addition of a poly-A tail at 3' end of hn mRNA with the help of poly-A polymerase. The poly-A tail contains adenylate residues (about 200-300 residues). Polyadenylation is thought to protect the 3' end from degradation by exonucleases.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 11

Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

During translation, how many initiation factors are required in eukaryotes for initiation reactions?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 11
Eukaryotes have nine initiation factors- elf2, elf3, elf 1, elf4A, elf4B, eIf4C, elf4D, elf5,elf6.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 12

Read the following and answer any four questions from 4(i) to 4(v) given below: The process o f copying genetic information from a template strand of DNA into RNA is called transcription. It is mediated by RNA polymerase. Transcription takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In transcription, only a segment of DNA and only one of the strands is copied into RNA.

Read the given list of materials.

1. RNA polymerase enzyme

2. DNA template

3. RNA primers

4. Okazaki segments

5. Four types of ribonucleotides triphosphates

6. Divalent metal ions Mg2+ as a cofactor.

Which of the above given materials are required for transcription?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 12
RNA primer and Okazaki segments are not needed in transcription.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 13

Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

Name the enzyme that helps in combining amino acid to its particular tRNA.

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 13
Amino-acyl /TRNA-synthetase is also called aa-activating enzyme.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 14

Read the following and answer any four questions from 6(i) to 6(v) given below: I he process of translation requires transfer of genetic information from a polymer of nucleotides to synthesise a polymer of amino acids. Ihe relationship between the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide and nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA is called genetic code. George Gamow suggested that in order to code for all the 20 amino acids, code should be made up of three nucleotides.

What is a codon?

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 14
Codon is complementary to a triple t of template strand. It is found in mRNA. Anticodon is complementary to a codon that occurs in tRNA.
Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 15

Read the following and answer any four questions from 5(i) to 5(v) given below: Translation is the process of polymerisation of amino acids to form a polypeptide. The order and sequence of amino acids are defined by the sequence bases in the mRNA. The amino acids are joined by a bond called peptide bond. Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis.

From the given list, select the translation machinery.

1. mRNA

2. Ribosomes

3. Amino acids

4. tRNAs

5. Peptidyl transferase

6. Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase

7. Pyrophosphatase

Detailed Solution for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 - Question 15
Enzyme peptidyl transferase is a component of a larger subunit of ribosome. It catalyses two principal chemical reactions - peptide bond formation and peptide release. Enzyme pyrophosphatase hydrolyses pyrophosphate and provides energy for driving the initial reaction of activating amino acids.
122 videos|311 docs|196 tests
Information about Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 Page
In this test you can find the Exam questions for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2 solved & explained in the simplest way possible. Besides giving Questions and answers for Case Based Questions Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance - 2, EduRev gives you an ample number of Online tests for practice

Up next

122 videos|311 docs|196 tests
Download as PDF

Up next