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Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - NEET MCQ


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25 Questions MCQ Test Biology Class 12 - Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 for NEET 2024 is part of Biology Class 12 preparation. The Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 questions and answers have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus.The Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 MCQs are made for NEET 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 below.
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Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about DNA replication?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 1

DNA molecules are replicated in both meiosis and mitosis.  DNA unwinds and unzips along its base pair chemical bonds.  Free nucleotides then connect to the exposed base pairs on both strands resulting in the formation of the missing side of each new DNA.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 2

How many structural genes are present in a lac operon?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 2
  • A lac operon consists of one regulatory gene (i) and three structural genes (z, y and a).
  • The “i” in regulatory gene is derived from the word “inhibitor”.
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Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 3

A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is called?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 3

A single strand of nucleic acid tagged with a radioactive molecule is calledProbe. Probe is used to know the mechanism of transcription of DNA. Radioactive substance can be easily detected.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 4

What does the structural gene (y) of a lac operon code for?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 4

The structural gene (z) of the lac operon codes for β-galactosidase. It is responsible for the hydrolysis of polysaccharides. The ‘y’ genes code for permease. It increases the permeability of a cell to β-galactosidase. The ‘a’ genes code for transacetylase.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 5

What does A & B represent?

   

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 5

In figure above, A represent helicase and B represents single strand binding protein. These structures are formed during semiconservative replication of DNA.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 6

A DNA segment which serves as a kind of “ON-OFF switch” for transcription is a/an

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 6

The DNA segment which serves as ON-OFF switch for transcription is called an operator. Operator attach with template strand to initiate transcription process.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 7

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with regard to the codon and the amino acid coded by it?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 7

Codon AAA code for amino acid lysine but UUA, AUG and CCC do not code for Valine, cysteine and alanine respectively. So, AAA and lysine pair is correct option out of given options.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 8

What is the regulation of a lac operon by a repressor known as?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 8
  • The regulation of a lac operon by the repressor is known as negative regulation.
  • At rare occasions, lac operons are also observed to be under the control of positive regulation.
  • In negative regulation, the operon cannot transcribe the RNA polymerase enzyme.
Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 9

Why are UGA, UAG and UAA called termination codons?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 9

UGA, UAG and UAAare called termination or stop codon because they do not code for any amino acid. As soon as any one of them codon is located on m-RNA translation process is stopped.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 10

Removal of introns and joining of exons in a defined order during transcription is called?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 10

The mRNA produced by transcription of DNA consists of exons and introns. The removal of introns and joining of exons to obtain mature mRNA is called splicing. It is followed by capping and tailing.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 11

What does "lac" refer to in what we call the lac operon?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 11

In lac operon the word lac refers to lactose. A polycistronic structural gene is regulated by a common promoter and regulatory genes.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 12

The sequence of structural gene in lac operon concept is

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 12

In lac operon concept the sequence of arrangement of structural gene is as lac Z, lac Y and lac A. The z gene codes for beta-galactosidase. The y gene code for permease and a gene encodes a transacytylase.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 13

What does X replesent in the followwing diagram:

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 13

Figure shown above represent translation process in which protein is produced. Ribosome provide site for protein synthesis and t-RNA brings the amino acids. The ‘x’ is the polypeptide chain produced.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 14

Autoradiogram of VNTR probe gives many band of different size. It differ from individual to individual except

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 14

Autoradiogram of VNTR probe gives many band of different size. It differs from individual to individual except monozygotic twins or identical twins.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 15

In human genome project, commonly used host were bacteria and yeast and their vectors are called as

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 15

In human genome project, commonly used host were bacteria and yeast and their vectors are called as Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 16

Assertion: Genetic map up of an organism or individual lies in the DNA sequence.

Reason: If two individual differs, then their DNA sequence should also be different.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 16

Genetic map up of an organism or individual lies in the DNA sequence. If two individual differs, then their DNA sequence should also be different.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 17

How many bases are required for coding 20 amino acids?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 17
  • George Gamow who was a physicist mentioned that to be able to code for 20 amino acids, we require 4 bases.
  • The code should also be made up of 3 nucleotides.
  • The code should be made up of bases in a particular combination.
Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 18

Genetic and physical map of genome was generated using information on
a. Polymorphism of restriction endonuclease recognition sites.
b. Repetitive DNA sequence called microsatellites.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 18

Genetic and physical map of genome was generated using information on polymorphism of restriction endonuclease recognition sites and repetitive DNA sequence called microsatellites.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 19

DNA is made of two chains that twist about one another in the shape of a _______.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 19

The double helix describes the appearance of double-stranded DNA, which is composed of two linear strands that run opposite to each other, or anti-parallel, and twist together. Each DNA strand within the double helix is a long, linear molecule made of smaller units called nucleotides that form a chain.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 20

Assertion: UAA codon is a termination codon.

Reason: If in a mRNA, a termination codon is present, the protein synthesis stops abruptly whether the protein synthesis is complete or not.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 20

UAA of mRNA do not code for any amino acids so it is a termination codon. If termination codon is present on mRNA, the protein synthesis stops abruptly at that point.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 21

The sensitivity of fingerprinting technique has been increased by use of

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 21

The sensitivity of fingerprinting technique has been increased by use of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After that single cell obtained from organism in enough for this technique.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 22

Statement I: DNA finger printing is highly reliable method of identification of individual involved in crimes.
Statement II: DNA a fingerprinting is a sure method in solving paternity and maternity disputes.
Statement III: DNA fingerprinting can be used to cure HIV infection.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 22

DNA finger printing is highly reliable method of identification of individual involved in crimes. DNA a fingerprinting is a sure method in solving paternity and maternity disputes.DNA fingerprinting cannot be used to cure HIV infection.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 23

The hybridization of probes having radioactive isotopes with various sequence of nitrogen bases with ssVNTR is called?

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 23

The hybridization of probes having radioactive isotopes with various sequence of nitrogen bases with ssVNTR is called Southern blotting.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 24

In prokaryotes, the predominant site for control of gene expression is the  :

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 24

In prokaryotes, control of the rate of transcriptional initiation is the predominant site for control of gene expression.

Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 25

Assertion: VNTR of two persons may be similar at certain sites but could be different at other sites.

Reason: A child inherits 50% of chromosomes from mother and remaining 50% from father.

Detailed Solution for Test: Molecular Basis of Inheritance- 2 - Question 25

VNTR of two persons may be similar at certain sites but could be different at other sites because a child inherits 50% of chromosomes from mother and remaining 50% from father. VNTR genes also undergoes different kinds of mutations.

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