Computer Knowledge - 1 - SSC CGL MCQ

The correct answer is Keyboard.

Key Points

• An input device is a peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as a computer or other information appliance.
• The Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer receives the input and processes it to produce the output.

• Examples of input devices include
  • Keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras, joysticks, Microphone, TouchPad, Webcam, remote, biometric devices, etc.
• Keyboard is a basic input device that is used to enter data into a computer or any other electronic device by pressing keys.
• Mouse is a hand-held input device that is used to move cursor or pointer across the screen.
• Scanner uses the pictures and pages of text as input.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT are all operating systems developed by Microsoft.
• An operating system is a software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

Additional Information

• Processors: Processors are the hardware component that executes instructions in a computer.
• Modem: A modem is a hardware component that allows a computer to connect to the internet or other networks.
• Domain Name: A domain name is a part of a network address that identifies it as belonging to a particular domain.

The correct option is (2)

Hard disk

Key Points

• Hard disc platters are separated into a number of concentric tracks. Each track has a number of sectors that can individually hold the same amount of data.
• The smallest physical storage unit on a disc is called a sector, and on most file systems, it has a fixed size of 512 bytes.
• Data is kept on hard drives in tiny, concentrically spaced bands. A drive head can read or write data on a track, which is a circular band or ring, while it is in one position. A 3.5-inch hard drive has a maximum track count of over a thousand. Each track's sectors are its sections.
• A track on a magnetic disc or optical disc is divided into sectors for computer disc storage. Hard disc drives (HDDs) and CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs typically store 512 bytes and 2048 bytes of user-accessible data, respectively, in each sector.

Additional Information

• Random-access memory (RAM) that uses latching circuitry (flip-flops) to store each bit is known as static random-access memory (static RAM or SRAM).
• The data or program code required by a computer processor to function is often stored in dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a type of semiconductor memory.
• A storage device that uses magnetic tape as a medium for storing is called a magnetic tape drive. It makes use of a lengthy, thin plastic film strip with tapes that are thinly coated with magnetism.

The correct option is (2)

Use Presenter View

Key Points

• In order to help you concentrate while presenting and engage with your audience, PowerPoint Presenter View displays the current slide, the next slide, and your speaker notes. The slide Show tab should be selected. Check the option next to Use Presenter View.
• On the ribbon, click the Slide Show tab. Choose From the Current Slide or From the Beginning. To begin the presentation, you can alternatively click the Slide Show button in the status bar or hit F5 on your keyboard.

Additional Information

• When practicing, use the Slide Timing function to record how long it takes you to present each slide. When you deliver your presentation to your real audience, you may utilize the recorded times to advance the slides automatically.
• You can record your presentation and get audio narration, slide timings, and laser pointer gestures with a microphone, speakers, and sound card.
• Do the following to demonstrate the media controls during your presentation: Choose the Show Media Controls check box under the Set up group on the Slide Show tab.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• To underline the contents of a cell in MS Excel 365 using a keyboard shortcut, you can use the following steps:
• Select the cell(s) that you want to underline.
• Press the following keys together: "Ctrl" + "U".
• The selected cell(s) will now be underlined.
• Alternatively, you can also use the "Home" tab on the Excel ribbon to underline the cell contents by clicking on the "Underline" button in the "Font" group.
• The keyboard shortcut method is quicker and can save you some time if you need to format multiple cells at once.

The correct answer is Microsoft Edge.

• Microsoft's new Windows 10 web browser will be called 'Microsoft Edge'.
• Microsoft Edge is a cross-platform web browser developed by Microsoft.

Additional Information

• It was first released for Windows 10 and Xbox One in 2015.
• Then for Android and iOS in 2017, for macOS in 2019, and as a preview for Linux in October 2020.
• Edge includes integration with Cortana and has extensions hosted on the Microsoft Store.

The correct answer is 1024 MB.

Key Points

• 1 GB (gigabyte) of information represents 1,024 MB (megabytes).
  • It is a unit of digital information that is commonly used to measure the size of files, documents, and other forms of data storage.
  • One gigabyte is equivalent to approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes, although in computing, it is typically defined as 2^30 bytes.
  • With the increasing amount of data being generated and stored by individuals and organizations, the use of gigabytes and even larger units of digital information such as terabytes and petabytes has become more common in recent years.

Additional Information

• Unit Conversion Table:
  • 4 bit = 1 Nibble
  • 8 bit = 1 byte
  • 1 KB (kilobyte) = 1024 byte
  • 1 MB (megabyte) = 1024 KB
  • 1 GB (gigabyte) = 1024 MB
  • 1 TB (terabyte) = 1024 GB
  • 1 PB (petabyte) = 1024 TB
  • 1 XB (Exabyte) = 1024 PB
  • 1 ZB (zettabyte) = 1024 XB
  • 1 YB (yottabyte) = 1024 ZB

The correct answer is Switch Mode Power Supply.

Key Points

• SMPS:
  • The full form of SMPS is Switched Mode Power Supply also known as Switching Mode Power Supply.
  • SMPS is an electronic power supply system that makes use of a switching regulator to transfer electrical power effectively.
  • It is a PSU (power supply unit) and is usually used in computers to change the voltage to the appropriate range for the computer.
  • An SMPS adjusts output voltage and current between different electrical configurations by switching the basics of typically lossless storage such as capacitors and inductors.

Additional Information

• Benefits of SMPS:
  • The switch-mode power source is small in scale.
  • The SMPS is very lightweight.
  • SMPS power consumption is typically 60 to 70% which is ideal for use.
  • SMPS is strongly anti-interference.
  • The SMPS production range is large.
• Limitations of SMPS:
  • The complexity of SMPS is very large.
  • The production reflection is high and its control is weak in the case of SMPS.
  • The use of SMPS can only be a step-down regulator.
  • In SMPS, the voltage output is just one.

A power-on self-test (POST) is a process performed by firmware or software routines immediately after a computer or other digital electronic device is powered on.
Hence, Option A is correct.

Virus is related to the internet and e-mail.

Hence, Option C is correct.

The emails which are already sent are found in the ‘sent’ folder.
It allows a person to get access to all his sent emails at a single place.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

In the context of computers, RTOS stands for Real-time Operating System.
They are used in environments where a large number of events, mostly external to the computer system, must be accepted and processed in a short time or within certain deadlines.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

The file extension to be used in executable file is ‘.exe’.
It is a computer file that contains an encoded sequence of instructions that the system can execute directly when the user clicks the file icon.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

A network host is a computer or other device connected to a computer network.
A host may work as a server offering information resources, services, and applications to users or other hosts on the network. Hosts are assigned at least one network address.
Hence, option B is the correct answer.

Some keyboard shortcuts to be used in MS-Outlook are:
Ctrl + >: Go to the next message
Ctrl + X: Cut selected text or object
Shift + Enter: Open selected message in a new window
Ctrl + 2: Go to calendar
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

In Microsoft Windows, screenshot of the screen can be taken by pressing the ‘PrtScr’. It means ‘Print screen’.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Application software.

Key Points

• Spreadsheets, photo editing, PowerPoint, word documents, etc, are examples of Application software.
  • Application software, or app for short, is software that performs specific tasks for an end-user.
  • Effectively, if the user is interacting directly with a piece of software it is application software.
    • For example, Microsoft Word or Excel is application software, as are common web browsers such as Firefox or Google Chrome.
  • It also includes the category of mobile apps, including communication apps such as WhatsApp or games such as Candy Crush Saga.

Additional Information

• System Software
  • System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
  • If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications.
  • The operating system is the best-known example of system software.
  • The OS manages all the other programs on a computer.
  • System software is used to manage the computer itself.
    • It runs in the background, maintaining the computer's basic functions so users can run higher-level application software to perform certain tasks.
    • Essentially, system software provides a platform for application software to be run on top of.
• System software generally includes the following features:
  • High speed
    • System software must be as efficient as possible to provide an effective platform for higher-level software in the computer system.
  • Hard to manipulate
    • It often requires the use of a programming language, which is more difficult to use than a more intuitive user interface (UI).
  • Written in a low-level computer language
    • System software must be written in a computer language the central processing unit (CPU) and other computer hardware can read.
  • Close to the system
    • It connects directly to the hardware that enables the computer to run.
  • Versatile
    • System software must communicate with both the specialized hardware it runs on and the higher-level application software that is usually hardware-agnostic and often has no direct connection to the hardware it runs on.
• The platform is hardware and software architecture that acts as a foundation or base upon which other applications, processes, or technologies are developed.
  • In computing, platform refers to basic hardware i.e., computer system, and software i.e., the operating system on which software applications are often run.

Network protocols -

• Protocol suites are implemented by hosts and networking devices in software, hardware, or both.
• The protocols are viewed in terms of layers, with each higher-level service depending on the functionality defined by the protocols shown in the lower levels.
• Networking protocols define a common format and set of rules for exchanging messages between devices.
• Some common networking protocols are Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and Internet Protocol (IP).
• Communication between a web server and a web client is an example of an interaction between several protocols:-
• HTTP - an application protocol that governs the way a web server and a web client interact.
• TCP - Transport protocol that manages individual conversations.
• IP - Encapsulates the TCP segments into packets, assigns addresses, and delivers to the destination host.
• Ethernet - Allows communication over a data link and the physical transmission of data on the network media.

a) Binary: Binary number system is a base-2 number system. It uses two binary digits, 0 and 1. The example given ii) (11000.10)₂ is a binary number wherein the digits are only 0 or 1. So, 'Binary' matches with ii. (11000.10)₂.

b) Decimal: Decimal number system is a base-10 number system. It uses ten digits from 0 to 9. The example iii) (11000)₁₀ is a decimal number, indicated by the 10 subscript. So, 'Decimal' matches with iii. (11000)₁₀.

c) Hexadecimal: Hexadecimal number system is a base-16 number system. It uses sixteen distinct symbols: 0–9 to represent values zero to nine, and A–F (or a–f) to represent values ten to fifteen. The example iv) (110AB)₁₆ is a hexadecimal number as it has an A and B, which are specific to hexadecimal numbers. So, 'Hexadecimal' matches with iv. .

d) Octal: Octal number system is a base-8 number system. It uses eight digits: 0 to 7. The example i) (142)₈ is an octal number because it only has digits 0-7. So, 'Octal' matches with i. (142)₈.

The correct answer is CLEAN.

Key Points

• In Microsoft Excel, the CLEAN function is used to remove all nonprintable characters from a text string.
• Nonprintable characters are characters that cannot be displayed or printed, such as line breaks, tabs, and other special control characters that don't have a visible representation.
• The CLEAN function takes the text you provide and returns a new text string with all nonprintable characters removed. T
• This function is often used to clean up text data that might have been imported from external sources and contains unwanted control characters that can cause formatting issues or other problems.