Test: Data Representation - 2 - SSC CGL MCQ

The Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) system utilizes four bits to represent each decimal digit. This system was developed by IBM to encode decimal numbers using binary digits. Each decimal digit from 0 to 9 is represented by a unique four-bit binary code in the BCD system, allowing for precise numerical encoding without the limitations of other binary coding schemes.

The ASCII-7 code can accommodate 128 unique symbols or characters. This 7-bit standard ASCII code ranges from 0 to 127, providing a total of 128 different characters for data representation. ASCII-7 is widely used for storing and transmitting text information in various computer systems and software applications.

The primary purpose of Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange (EBCDIC) is to represent characters using eight bits, allowing for 256 unique combinations of bits. This coding scheme was developed to store information in a format that is readable by other computers, facilitating data exchange and communication between different systems in the computing environment.

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange (EBCDIC) is the binary coding scheme that allows for 2^8 = 256 unique combinations of bits. EBCDIC uses eight bits to represent characters, providing a wide range of possible combinations for encoding various symbols, letters, and special characters in computer systems and data processing applications.

ASCII-8 distinguishes itself from ASCII-7 by being an extended version that can represent up to 256 unique symbols or characters. While ASCII-7 is limited to 128 characters using 7 bits, ASCII-8 utilizes 8 bits, thereby expanding the encoding capacity to accommodate a wider range of symbols, including special characters, letters, and control codes in computer data storage and communication.

The fixed-size groups in binary coding schemes play a crucial role in limiting the range of values that can be represented by a specific number of bits. By using a consistent group size for encoding characters or numbers, binary coding schemes establish boundaries on the maximum and minimum values that can be stored and processed, ensuring precision and efficiency in data representation and manipulation.

ASCII-7 can represent up to 128 unique characters, while EBCDIC can represent 256 unique characters. Therefore, EBCDIC has a higher capacity for encoding different symbols, letters, and special characters compared to ASCII-7. This difference in encoding capacity is attributed to the bit structure and coding scheme variations between the two systems, with EBCDIC using eight bits per character for broader character representation.

An AND gate in a digital circuit returns True only if both of its inputs are True. This gate follows the logic that for the output to be True, both conditions must be met. This functionality is crucial in digital logic design as it allows for the implementation of more complex logical operations by combining multiple AND gates.

The NOR gate is the inverse of the OR gate in digital circuits. It returns True only if both inputs are False; otherwise, it returns False. This gate is constructed by combining the OR gate with a NOT gate. Understanding the behavior of the NOR gate is essential in designing circuits that require this specific logic operation.

An XOR gate, also known as Exclusive-OR gate, returns True only if one input is True and the other is False. If both inputs are the same (both True or both False), the XOR gate outputs False. This gate is commonly used in digital systems for various operations like data encryption, parity generation, and arithmetic functions.

The NOT gate is represented by A', where A is the input. This gate simply inverts the input signal: if the input is True, it outputs False, and vice versa. Understanding the role of the NOT gate is fundamental in digital logic design as it serves as the building block for more complex logic operations.

A NAND gate is designed to return False only if both inputs are True; otherwise, it returns True. This gate is constructed by combining an AND gate with a NOT gate, hence the name "NAND" (NOT-AND). Understanding the NAND gate is crucial in digital circuit design due to its significance in implementing various logical functions.

NAND and NOR gates are known as universal gates because they can be used to create any other type of logic gate. By combining NAND or NOR gates in specific configurations, it is possible to replicate the functions of AND, OR, and NOT gates. This universality makes them essential components in digital circuit design.

Ones' complement of a binary number involves flipping all the bits of the number. For example, inverting the binary number 110100 results in 001011. Understanding ones' complement is crucial when dealing with binary arithmetic and operations in digital systems.

Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) represents characters using binary digits while ASCII is a standard character code used to store data. One key distinction between BCD and ASCII is that BCD has no limit on the size of a number that can be represented, whereas ASCII, particularly ASCII-7, is constrained to 128 unique symbols or characters. This difference in representation makes BCD well-suited for encoding decimal digits without numerical limitations, enhancing its utility in various computing applications requiring precise numerical data handling.