Test: Introduction to Computer- 1 - Class 10 MCQ

The abacus is an ancient tool designed for basic calculations. Its main functions include:

• Addition of numbers
• Subtraction of numbers

It consists of beads that slide on rods, allowing users to visually represent and manipulate numbers. While the abacus can be used for other calculations, its primary purpose remains in aiding addition and subtraction.

Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline in 1642. This was the first mechanical adding machine.

Key features of the Pascaline include:

• Utilisation of gears and dials for calculations.
• Capability to perform addition and subtraction.
• A major advancement in the history of computing.

The first generation of computers, developed between 1940 and 1956, used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. Key features include:

• Size: These computers were very large.
• Power consumption: They used a significant amount of power.
• Heat generation: They produced a lot of heat.

Notable examples of first-generation computers include ENIAC and EDVAC.

The second-generation computers, developed from 1956 to 1963, used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Key benefits of transistors include:

• Smaller size
• Improved reliability
• Greater energy efficiency

These advantages contributed to the development of smaller and more powerful computers.

Notebooks, often referred to as laptops or ultrabooks, are specifically designed for portability. Their key features include:

• Lightweight and compact design for easy transport.
• Incorporation of a rechargeable battery for use without a power outlet.
• Convenience for users who need to work while on the move.

Hybrid computers integrate features of both analog and digital computers. They are capable of processing:

• Continuous data (analog)
• Discrete data (digital)

This versatility makes them ideal for specific applications, such as:

• Medical equipment (e.g., ECG machines)
• Industrial control systems

Versatility describes a computer's ability to perform multiple tasks at the same time or in rapid succession. This characteristic allows computers to be highly adaptable for various applications, including:

• Running complex simulations
• Managing office productivity tasks
• Providing entertainment options

Overall, versatility enhances a computer's functionality and user experience.

In the industrial sector, computers play a vital role in:

• Controlling manufacturing systems
• Monitoring key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and volume
• Enabling automation for increased efficiency
• Ensuring consistent quality of products

These functions are crucial for optimising operations and maintaining standards in the industry.

Supercomputers are the fastest and most costly computers available. They are designed for:

• High-speed processing
• Complex calculations
• Tasks like weather forecasting
• Scientific simulations
• Cryptography

Due to their immense processing power, supercomputers can handle extremely demanding workloads efficiently.

A computer system is made up of two main components:

• Hardware: This includes the physical components of the computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, and motherboard.
• Software: This refers to the programmes and applications that run on the computer, like word processors and games.

These components work together to perform various tasks effectively.