MPPSC Paper 1 (GS) Mock Test - 4 - MPPSC (Madhya Pradesh) MCQ

A food Chain is a diagram that shows how food energy moves from one organism to another in a given environment. In other words, it is the chronological order of who eats whom in a biological community.

Aquatic food chain:

• Primary consumers are herbivores, they eat plants.
• In our aquatic ecosystem example, zooplankton feeding on phytoplankton occupies the primary consumer trophic level.

Phytoplankton →Zooplankton  → Small Fish → Large Fish → Whale

Phytoplankton: A mix of algae, the primary producer.

Zooplankton: Small floating elements consuming the phytoplankton, the primary consumer.

The SAMAR air defence missile system, which debuted during the Vayushakti Exercise in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, is a Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM).

• The Adamgarh site is situated on the banks of the Narmada river in the Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh. 
• On this site many world-famous rock caves with rock paintings founded. This excavation was headed by Mr. R.V.Joshi and Mr. M.D.Khare in the year 1960-61.
• Many ancient tools, handheld axes, scrapers, cutting tools, circular tools of the paleolithic age were found.

Tripitaka's are the sacred books of the Buddhists.

Tripitakas:

• Vinay Pitaka consists of rules of monastic discipline for monks.
• Sutta Pitaka is a collection of Buddha’s sermons.
• Abhidhamma Pitaka is the philosophy of Buddha’s teachings.
• Milindapanho (i.e. Questions of Milinda)–a dialogue between Milinda (identical with Indo-Greek ruler Menander) and Buddhist saint Nagasena.
• Dipavamsha and Mahavamsha–The great chronicles of Sri Lanka.
• Sects of Buddhism: Hinayana (i.e. Lesser Vehicle): (i) Its followers believed in the original teachings of Buddha. (ii) They sought individual salvation through self-discipline and meditation. (iii) They did not believe in idol-worship. (iv) They favored the Sanskrit language. (v) It is known as NorthernBuddhist Religion because it prevailed in the North of India, e.g., China, Korea, Japan, etc. (vi) There were two subjects of Mahayana-Madhyamika/Shunyavada (founder-Nagarjuna) and Yogachar/ Vijanavada (founder-Maitreyanath and his disciple Asanga).

• 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 came into force on 24th April 1993.
• In accordance with provisions of Part IX of the constitution, Madhya Pradesh was first to enact Panchayati Raj Act.
• The new framework for Panchayati Raj Institutes came into force on 25th January 1994.

SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. SMTP is a set of communication guidelines that allow the software to transmit an electronic mail over the internet is called Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. It is a program used for sending messages to other computer users based on e-mail addresses.

The Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam is a declaration of the member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation adopted at Cairo in Egypt on 5 August 1990. It provides an overview on the Islamic perspective on human rights.

The Cyrus Cylinder which was created by King Cyrus the Great, it is the world’s first charter of human rights. It is translated into all six official languages of the United Nations and its provisions parallel the first four Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

• Neki Ram is an Indian Politician.
• He was a Member of the Parliament, Rajya Sabha during 1960–1972 not 1952 to 1956. Therefore, option (D) is not true.
• He fought against the British throughout his life.
• Pt. Neki Ram Sharma played a vital role in the Home Rule Movement of Lokmanya Tilak. Therefore, option (A) is true.
• He organized a public meeting of Gandhiji's at Bhiwani during Non-cooperation Movement.
• He was a politician from the Indian National Congress. Therefore, option (B) is true.
• Sandesh was the weekly magazine started by Pt. Neki Ram Sharma of the state of Haryana. Therefore, option (C) is true.
• He was an Indian politician and writer who was born in the Bhiwani district of Haryana.

• National Highway 44 (NH 44) passes through 4 cities and towns of Madhya Pradesh.
  
• NH 44 passes through Gwalior, Sagar, Lakhnadon, and Seoni.
• It is the longest-running major north-south National Highway in India.
• It passes through Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. 
• It starts at Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir and ends in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu.
• Its total length is 3806 km.

The failure of the Cripps Mission resulted in the 'Quit India Resolution'. Gandhiji gave the slogan “Do or Die”’ in his speech.

The Quit India resolution stated the following resolutions of the movement:

• An immediate end to British rule over India.
• Declaration of the commitment of free India to defend itself against all kinds of imperialism and fascism.
• Formation of a provisional government of India after British withdrawal.
• Sanctioning a civil disobedience movement against British rule.

• A Modem (Modulator-Demodulator) is a hardware component that allows a computer or another device, such as a router or switch, to connect to the Internet.
• It modulates signals to encode digital information and demodulates the signal to decode the transmitted information.
• It can also convert digital data from a computer or other device into an analog signal that can be sent over standard telephone lines.

The value of total produced goods and services i.e. national income of any economy is calculated on either of the two parameters - ‘factor cost’ or the ‘market cost’.

Factor cost is basically the input costs (like raw material, interest on loans if taken, laborers' wages, etc) the producer or the manufacturer has to bear during the process of producing goods. Factor cost is also termed as ‘factory price’. So in a way, it can also be termed as the ‘price’ of the commodity from the producer’s side. 

Before 2015 officially India calculated the national income at factor cost(however the data regarding market cost was also released) but after 2015, CSO has switched over to calculating it at market price (i.e., market cost). 

The correct answer is Brihadratha.

Key Points

• The last Mauryan ruler Brihadratha was assassinated in 185 BC by his commander in chief Pushyamitra Shunga.
• Pushyamitra Shunga set up a kingdom in the north.
• Pushyamitra Shunga established his own Sunga dynasty.

​Important Points

• The Mauryan dynasty lasted 137 years.
• Chandragupta dethroned the last Nanda ruler Dhana Nanda and occupied the Patliputra in 322 BC.
• Three important rulers of the Maurya dynasty were
  • Chandragupta.
  • Bindusara.
  • Ashoka.

• Chandragupta Maurya was succeeded by his son Bindusara.
  • Bindusara was known as Amitrochates or Amitraghata.
• Dasharatha was a grandson of Ashoka.
• Devvarman was the successor of Shalishuka Maurya and reigned for a short period of seven years.

The correct answer is 207 members.

Key Points

• On 9 December 1946, the Constituent Assembly of India met for the first time. The First Day's meeting was attended by 207 members.
• It acted as independent India’s first Parliament.
• Its chief objective was to draft a constitution for India.

Additional Information 

• Formation of the constituent assembly
  • ​Under the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946, elections were held for the Constituent Assembly.
  • The members were elected by the members of the provincial assemblies by the method of a single transferable vote of proportional representation.
  • In the beginning, there were 389 members. But after the partition of the country into India and Pakistan, the number came down to 299
    • 229 were from the British Indian provinces while the remaining 70 were from the princely states.
  • The seats to the British Indian provinces and princely states were allotted in the proportion to their respective population and were to be divided among Muslims, Sikhs, and the rest of the communities.

Important Points

• Important Committees of the Constituent Assembly and Their Chairmen

The answer is Double displacement reaction

Key Points

• Double Displacement Reactions: In these reactions, elements from two compounds switch places to form two new compounds.
• Neutralization Reactions: This is a specific type of double displacement reaction where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.
• Acid-Base Chemistry: This involves the study of the chemical reactions that take place between acids and bases.

Explanation:- 

• A neutralization reaction between an acid and a base is a type of double displacement reaction.
• In this process, an acid reacts with a base, resulting in the formation of a salt and water.
• Essentially, the hydrogen ion (H⁺) from the acid combines with the hydroxide ion (OH^-) from the base to form water (H₂O), while the remaining components of the acid and base form a salt.

For example, consider the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
In this reaction, the hydrogen from HCl and hydroxide from NaOH combine to form water, while the sodium from NaOH and chlorine from HCl combine to form the salt sodium chloride (NaCl):

HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) -> NaCl (aq) + H₂O (l)

Additional Information

• A displacement reaction (also known as a redox reaction) involves an element being displaced from a compound by a more reactive element.This does not occur in a neutralization reaction.
• An addition reaction involves two or more molecules combining to form a single product. In a neutralization reaction, an acid and a base combine, but they form two products: a salt and water.
• A decomposition reaction involves a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances. This also does not occur in a neutralization reaction as it starts with two reactants: an acid and a base.

Conclusion:-

So, The neutralization reaction between an acid and a base is a type of a Double displacement reaction

The correct answer is Calcutta.

Key Points

• In 1856, the kingdom of Awadh was formally annexed to the British Empire and the conquest happened in stages.
• The Subsidiary Alliance had been imposed on Awadh in 1801; by the terms of this alliance, the Nawab had to disband his military force, allow the British to position their troops within the kingdom, and act in accordance with the advice of the British Resident who was now to be attached to the court.
• Deprived of his armed forces, the Nawab became increasingly dependent on the British to maintain law and order within the kingdom and he could no longer assert control over the rebellious chiefs and taluqdars.
• In the meantime, the British became increasingly interested in acquiring the territory of Awadh as they felt that the soil there was good for producing indigo and cotton, and the region was ideally located to be developed into the principal market of Upper India.
• By the early 1850s, moreover, all the major areas of India had been conquered: the Maratha lands, the Doab, the Carnatic, the Punjab and Bengal & the takeover of Awadh in 1856 was expected to complete a process of territorial annexation that had begun with the conquest of Bengal almost a century earlier.
• Nawab Wajid Ali Shah was dethroned and exiled to Calcutta on the plea that the region was being misgoverned.
• The British government also wrongly assumed that Wajid Ali Shah was an unpopular ruler, on the contrary, he was widely loved, and when he left his beloved Lucknow, there were many who followed him all the way to Kanpur singing songs of lament.

The correct option is 1 i.e., 30 July 2006.

• The first Mahila Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 30 July 2006.
• The second Mahila Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 19 May 2015.
• The First Kisan Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 30 August 2006.
• The first tribal Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 6 January 2007.
• The first forest Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 3 Feb 2007.
• The first  Schedule cast Panchayat of Madhya Pradesh was organized on 6 April 2007.

The correct answer is Governor.

Key Points

• The Chief Information Commissioner of the state is appointed by Governor. 
• It is constituted by the State Government.
• It has one State Chief Information Commissioner (SCIC) and not more than 10 State Information Commissioners (SIC) to be appointed by the Governor on the recommendation of the Appointments Committee headed by the Chief Minister.

Additional Information

• The State Chief Information Commissioner and a State Information Commissioner hold office for a term of 3 years or until they attain the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier.
  • They are not eligible for reappointment.
• Powers and Functions of the State Information Commission
  • The commission submits an annual report to the state government on the implementation of the provisions of this act. The state government places this report before the state legislature.
  • The commission can order inquiries into any matter if there are reasonable grounds.
  • The commission has the power to secure compliance of its decisions from the public authority.
  • It is the duty of the commission to receive and inquire into a complaint from any person
  • During the inquiry of a complaint, the commission may examine any record which is under the control of the public authority and no such record may be withheld from it on any grounds.

The correct answer is Teflon.

Key Points

• Nonstick cookware, such as frying pans and saucepans, gets coated with a material called polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), commonly known as Teflon.
• Teflon is a synthetic chemical made up of carbon and fluorine atoms.
  • It was first created in the 1930s and provides a nonreactive, nonstick, and almost frictionless surface.
  • Teflon has several other applications.
  • It is also used to make wire and cable coatings, fabric and carpet protectors, and waterproof fabrics for outdoor clothing such as raincoats.

Additional Information

• PVC(Polyvinyl Chloride)
  • PVC is a polymer that is made from vinyl chloride polymerization.
  • PVC is being used in a variety of products, including raincoats, wires, pipes, bottles, credit cards, flooring, etc.
  • Since it resists water and fire, it is useful in producing many products.
  • PVC is a thermoplastic polymer that undergoes melting on heating and solidification, and cooling with the chemical formula -[CH2=CHCl]n-.
• Important properties of PVC
  • PVC is tough, lightweight, and abrasion-resistant.
  • PVC is resistant to climate, chemicals, corrosion, abrasion, and shock. Hence, it is the preferred method for several outdoor and long-life products.
  • PVC is an excellent material for insulation due to its high dielectric strength.
  • PVC products are self-extinguishing due to high chlorine content.

Heed songs are folk songs of Malwa Region.Key Points

Heed Songs

• This song is sung in the month of Shravan (July-August). The Ahir community organizes a competition of Heed Gayan every year. These songs are usually sung at a high pitch. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• In Malwa, there is a tradition of singing heed Songs in the month of sawan.  Hence, statement (1) is incorrect. 
• Swings are placed in the gardens and a kind of race begins for singing heed Songs.
• These are basically folk songs of the ahirs which resonate with their farming culture.

The correct answer is Bombay.

Important Points

All India Congress Committee (AICC) meeting to ratify the Quit India resolution was held at the Bombay session.

• It was passed by Mahatma Gandhi on 8^th August 1942.
• Mahatma Gandhi issued the Quit India speech at the Gowalia tank maidan in Mumbai.
• The All India congress committee is the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress.
• The All India congress committee launched a mass protest demanding the withdrawal of British rule from India in 1942. 
• The immediate cause of the Quit India movement was the failure of the Cripps mission.
• The draft of the Quit India resolution was prepared by Jawaharlal Nehru.
• Aruna Asaf Ali is known as the heroine of the Quit India movement.
• Do or Die is the famous slogan associated with the Quit India movement.

The correct answer is 1980.

Key Points 

• The Forest Conservation Act was enacted on 25 October 1980.
• It provides the conservation of forests and matters connected to the habitat of many animals as well.
• The aim of the Forest (Conservation) Act was to ensure the protection and conservation of trees so that they can support the wildlife as well as save the habitat of many animals and keep an eye on the deforestation and degradation of forest resources.
• Constitutional provisions of Forest Conservation:
  • Article 48-A: protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife – the state shall endeavor to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country.
  • Article 51(g) states that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.

Additional Information 

• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 authorizes the central government to protect and improve environmental quality, control and reduce pollution from all sources, and prohibit or restrict the setting and operation of any industrial facility on environmental grounds.
• The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 provides the protection of wild animals, birds, and plants and for matters connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and environmental security of the country.
• The Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974 was formed to prevent the pollution of water by industrial, agricultural, and household wastewater.
• It can contaminate our water sources.
• The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 is formed for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution.

• 50th India International Knit fair to be held from October 12 to 14

Key Points

• The fair will be held from 12th to 14th October at the India Knit Fair Association complex (IKFA) in Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu.
• The main theme of the fair is Active and Sportswear, Environmental Social Governance, Artificial Intelligence and digitalisation.
• Seventy exhibitors from Tiruppur, Chennai, Coimbatore, Karur, and Gujarat will take part in the fair.
• Leading buyers and their representatives from Europe, US, UK and other countries have been invited for the fair.
• The IKFA has tied up with Sourcing Consultants Association, Association of Buying Agents for Textiles, Brand Sourcing Leaders, and the NIFT Alumni.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Sasthamkotta lake which is known as the Queen of Lakes is located 29 km from Kollam, Kerala.
• Sasthamcotta Lake or Sasthamkotta Lake, also categorized as a wetland, is the largest freshwater lake in Kerala
• The lake is named after the ancient Sastha temple (a pilgrimage centre) located on its bank.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Option 4. 

Key Points

• Plastids are membrane-bound organelles found only in plant cells and some algae.
• They are involved in various cellular functions and are responsible for several important processes in plants such as photosynthesis storage of pigments and synthesis of essential compounds.
• Mitochondria nucleus and Golgi apparatus are present in both plant and animal cells.
  • Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell and are responsible for energy production.
  • The nucleus is the control center of the cell containing the genetic material.
  • The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying sorting and packaging proteins for transportation within the cell or for secretion outside the cell.

Additional Information

• A plant cell is a eukaryotic cell found in plants.
• It has a rigid cell wall made of cellulose and contains chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
• Plant cells have a large central vacuole for storage and maintaining cell rigidity.
• They also have a nucleus various organelles and plasmodesmata for cell communication.
• Plant cells are specialized for photosynthesis and have unique structures to carry out this process.

The new PepsiCo facility will utilize Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) technology to manage water resources effectively. This technology aims to achieve approximately 90% overall water efficiency and ensures that 100% of the water used at the facility is replenished. Such practices are essential for sustainable operations and responsible water management.

A Western Disturbance is a meteorological phenomenon characterized by a series of cyclonic storms that originate in the Mediterranean region. These disturbances travel significant distances and bring winter rains to northwest India. They play a crucial role in replenishing Himalayan glaciers, which are vital for the water supply in major rivers like the Ganga and Indus. Understanding Western Disturbances is important for weather forecasting and agriculture in northern India.

The Namami Gange Programme is an integrated conservation mission aimed at the rejuvenation and effective abatement of pollution in the Ganga River. This flagship initiative by the Indian government seeks to restore the river's water quality and ecological health while promoting sustainable development along its banks. It operates under the Ministry of Jal Shakti and includes various projects to clean and conserve the river.