APPSC General Studies Mock Test - 6 - APPSC (Andhra Pradesh) MCQ

India selected agriculture as the prime moving force in place of industry in 2002:

• The economy will be able to achieve food security with an increase in agricultural production. Besides, the agricultural surplus will generate exports in the globalising world economy benefiting out of the WTO regime. 

• The challenge of poverty alleviation will be solved to a great extent as the emphasis will make agriculture a higher income-generating occupation and induce growth in the rural economy by generating more gainful employment. 

• The situation of India as an example of ‘market failure' will cease. 

• Disinvestment started in India with a high political caution-in a symbolic way known as the 'token' disinvestment (presently being called as ‘minority state sale”).

• This phase of disinvestment though brought some extra funds to the government (which were used to fill up the fiscal deficit considering the proceeds as the 'capital receipts') it could not initiate any new element to the PSUs, which could enhance their efficiency.

• It remained the major criticism of this type of disinvestment, and experts around the world started suggesting the government to go for it in the way that the ownership could be transferred from the government to the private sector.

The second statement is wrong because the intensity of Sun rays falling on the ocean near equator is more than that of the pole. Thereby, the temperature, as we move up from the equator to the poles, decreases.

Wealth tax is collected from unproductive assets only. Estate duty was abolished in 1985.

• Service Tax Levied by the Centre but Collected and Appropriated by the Centre and the States (Article 268-A): Taxes on services are levied by the Centre. But, their proceeds are collected as well as appropriated by both the Centre and the states. The Parliament formulates the principles of their collection and appropriation.

• Taxes Levied and Collected by the Centre but Assigned to the States (Article 269): The following taxes fall under this category:

(i) Taxes on the sale or purchase of goods (other than newspapers) in the course of inter-state trade or commerce.

(ii) Taxes on the consignment of goods in the course of inter-state trade or commerce.

• In 1945, yet another plan was formulated by the radical humanist leader M.N. Roy, Chairman of the Post-War Reconstruction Committee of Indian Trade Union.

• The plan was based on Marxist socialism and advocated the need for providing the people with the necessities of life. Agricultural and industrial sectors, both were equally highlighted by the plan.

Both statements are correct.

Statement 1 is describing the formation of aretes, which are narrow, knife-edged ridges that form between two adjacent corries (also known as cirques) that have eroded back towards each other on opposite sides of a mountain.

Statement 2 is describing the formation of a horn, which is a pointed mountain peak that forms when three or more cirques erode back towards a central point, resulting in a sharp, angular peak.

Therefore, neither statement is incorrect.

Open market operations are defined as the sale and purchase of government securities to control the money supply. They are usually done on an overnight basis

In the second stage, there is negligible decline in the birth rate. Hence the difference between birth and death rate increases.

Tea – Hill slopes with alluvial soil

Millets – Less fertile and sandy soil

Rice – Alluvial soil with clayey subsoil

Coffee – well-drained loamy soil

Palk Strait, an inlet of the Bay of Bengal between southeastern India and northern Sri Lanka. It is bounded on the south by Pamban Island (India), Adam's (Rama's) Bridge (a chain of shoals), the Gulf of Mannar, and Mannar Island (Sri Lanka).

• The water temperature must not fall 68°F. (20°C.). 

• This virtually limits the areal distribution of corals to the tropical, and subtropical zones. 

• Again they will not flourish where there are cold currents because of the cold water's upwelling from the depths that cools the warm surface water. 

• This explains why coral reefs are generally absent on the western coasts of continents. 

• On the other hand, the warming effect of the warm currents, e.g. the Gulf Stream, means that corals are found far to the north of the West Indies in the Atlantic Ocean. 

• The Pacific and the Indian Oceans, however, have the most numerous coral reefs

The correct answer is B: Montague’s Declaration 1917.

Explanation:

The Government of India Act, 1919, also known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, was enacted to introduce self-government to India. The act was based on the recommendations of the report submitted by the Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, and the Governor-General, Lord Chelmsford, in 1918.

The act was introduced in response to the Montagu Declaration of 1917, which promised "responsible government" in India. The Declaration stated that the British government's policy was to "increase association of Indians in every branch of the administration and the gradual development of self-governing institutions" in India.

The Government of India Act, 1919, introduced several important provisions, including the expansion of legislative councils, the creation of a system of dyarchy, and the establishment of a Public Service Commission. The act also provided for the establishment of a new central government in Delhi and provincial governments in the provinces.

Thus, the correct answer is option B, Montague’s Declaration 1917.

Correct Answer :- b

Explanation :- The main objective of regional rural banks in India is to advance credit and other facilities, especially to small and marginal farmers, agricultural labourers, artisans and small entrepreneurs in order to develop agriculture, trade, commerce, industry and other usual productive activities.

RRBs are required to achieve a target of 60 per cent of their outstanding advances for priority sector lending of which at least 25 percent (i.e. 15 percent of the total advances) should be advanced to weaker sections of the society.

• The official experiment in the area of national planning is rooted in the Bolshevik Revolution of Russia (1917)—the Soviet Union. 

• Dissatisfied with the pace of industrialisation, it was in 1928 that Joseph Stalin announced its policy of central planning for the Soviet Union.

• The State Planning Committee, commonly known as Gosplan, was the agency responsible for central economic planning in the Soviet Union.

In case, a candidate is found guilty of corrupt practices during the elections, the Supreme Court and High Courts consult the Commission.

It can also cancel the polls in event of rigging, booth capture, etc.

Also, the main functions of the ECI are as follows:

• The Election Commission of India is considered the custodian of free and fair elections.

• It issues the Model Code of Conduct in every election for political parties and candidates so that the dignity of democracy is maintained.

• It regulates political parties and registers them for being eligible to contest elections.

• It publishes the allowed limits of campaign expenditure per candidate to all the political parties, and also monitors the same.

• The political parties must submit their annual reports to the ECI for getting tax benefit on contributions.

• It ensures that all the political parties regularly submit their audited financial reports.

Some of the powers wielded by the ECI are as follows:

• The Commission can suppress the results of opinion polls if it deems such an action fit for the cause of democracy.
• The Commission can advise for disqualification of members after the elections if it thinks they have violated certain guidelines.
• In case, a candidate is found guilty of corrupt practices during the elections, the Supreme Court and High Courts consult the Commission.
• The Commission can suspend candidates who fail to submit their election expense accounts timely.

• Water vapour is a very effective absorber of heat energy in the air, but it does not accumulate in the atmosphere in the same way as the other greenhouse gases. This is down to it having a very short atmospheric lifetime, of the order of hours to days because it is rapidly removed as rain and snow.

• Nitrous oxide is destroyed in the stratosphere and removed from the atmosphere more slowly than methane, persisting for around 114 years.

• Methane is mostly removed from the atmosphere by chemical reaction, persisting for about 12 years. Thus, although methane is a potent greenhouse gas, its effect is relatively short-lived.

• SF6 is included in the Kyoto Protocol because, molecule-for-molecule, it is a powerful greenhouse gas with a long (>1000 years) lifetime in the atmosphere. The signatory nations are thus committed to controlling the rate of its production.

• Alkali, or alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (> 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1-metre depth.

• Alkali soils owe their unfavourable physicochemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate which causes the soil to swell and difficult to clarify/settle.

It shall be the duty of the chief minister to communicate to the governor of the state all decisions of the Council of Ministers relating to the administration of the affairs of the state - it comes under Article 167.

Mechanically formed sedimentary rocks - sandstones.

Organically formed sedimentary rocks - limestones and chalk

Chemically formed sedimentary rocks -gypsum

While each state in India enjoys autonomy in exercising powers on certain issues, subjects of national concern require that all of these states follow the laws of the central government. 

• The Constitution contains lists that detail the issues that each tier of government can make laws on.

• Besides, the Constitution also specifies where each tier of government can get the money from for the work that it does. So, 1 is wrong. 

• Under federalism, the states are not merely agents of the federal government but draw their authority from the Constitution as well. All persons in India are governed by laws and policies made by each of these levels of government.

The correct option is D.
All of these temples of the Nagara style are located at Khajuraho

• TRADE BALANCE: The monetary difference between the total export and import of an economy in one financial year is called trade balance. It might be positive or negative, known to be either favourable or unfavourable, respectively to the economy.

• TRADE POLICY: Broadly speaking, the economic policy which regulates the export-import activities of any economy is known as the trade policy. It is also called the foreign trade policy or the Exim Policy. This policy needs regular modifications depending upon the economic policies of the economies of the World or the trading partners.

• Grooves and hollows are cut in the rock surfaces, carving them into fantastic and grotesque- looking pillars called rock pedestals. Such rock pillars will be further eroded near their bases where the friction is greatest.

• This process of undercutting produces rocks of mushroom shape called mushroom rocks or gour in the Sahara.