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66 Questions MCQ Test CAT Mock Test Series - CAT Mock Test- 1

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CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 1

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

Psychopaths are sick, deranged, lacking in moral conscience. In other words, they’re nothing like you or me. This picture of psychopathy has dominated the thinking of both laypeople and researchers. It’s at once sensational and reassuring. But this is false. There’s no major ability that psychopaths lack altogether, and their deficits are often small and circumscribed. They certainly aren’t incapable of telling right from wrong, making good decisions or experiencing empathy for other people. Instead, they suffer from a host of more mundane problems - such as being overly goal-fixated, fearless and selfish. What’s more, perhaps ‘our’ reactions are closer to ‘theirs’ than we realise. Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; and for all the praise we heap on empathy, a closer look at this emotion suggests that it’s nearer to a kind of self-preservation instinct than any ‘warm and fuzzy’ fellow-feeling.

When debating what’s wrong with psychopaths, researchers typically pitch two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, holds that judging right and wrong is a matter of reason, rather than feeling. The claim that psychopaths don't show rationalism is plain wrong. Psychopaths are as logical as you and me - in fact, they outsmart us all the time, hence their everyday depiction as connivers and con artists. So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone.

Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims. Psychopaths appear to be poor at integrating all the various factors that go into making good choices, and often have poor reasons for their actions. They usually attend almost exclusively to the task at hand, and ignore relevant contextual information - although when context doesn’t play a role, they do very well. Other studies have found that psychopaths have problems reversing their responses: when actions that were previously rewarded are now punished - or actions that were previously punished are rewarded - they have problems adjusting. Most people desist and find other ways to navigate their way through, psychopaths tend not to. This insensitivity extends to social threats, such as angry faces. If you show a person pictures that they find threatening, they startle much more easily in response to loud sounds. Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress.

These findings support the rationalist idea that psychopathic immorality comes down to some inability to reason well. But you might have noticed that psychopaths don’t experience fear as often, and in the same situations, as do ordinary people. Last time I looked, fear was an emotion. This brings us back into the camp of people who think that emotion, not reason, is central to ethics. Typically they focus on empathy.

 

Q. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the the passage?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 1

Option A is a distortion. At the end of the second paragraph, the author states, "So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone." The author points out that moral sensibility is not grounded in reason alone. However, reason is still relevant and cannot be discounted.

" Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down;" Option B can be inferred from this line.

"But you might have noticed that psychopaths don’t experience fear as often, and in the same situations, as do ordinary people. Last time I looked, fear was an emotion." From this option C can be inferred.

"There’s no major ability that psychopaths lack altogether, and their deficits are often small and circumscribed... They usually attend almost exclusively to the task at hand, and ignore relevant contextual information - although when context doesn’t play a role, they do very well."  Option D can be inferred from these lines.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 2

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

Psychopaths are sick, deranged, lacking in moral conscience. In other words, they’re nothing like you or me. This picture of psychopathy has dominated the thinking of both laypeople and researchers. It’s at once sensational and reassuring. But this is false. There’s no major ability that psychopaths lack altogether, and their deficits are often small and circumscribed. They certainly aren’t incapable of telling right from wrong, making good decisions or experiencing empathy for other people. Instead, they suffer from a host of more mundane problems - such as being overly goal-fixated, fearless and selfish. What’s more, perhaps ‘our’ reactions are closer to ‘theirs’ than we realise. Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; and for all the praise we heap on empathy, a closer look at this emotion suggests that it’s nearer to a kind of self-preservation instinct than any ‘warm and fuzzy’ fellow-feeling.

When debating what’s wrong with psychopaths, researchers typically pitch two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, holds that judging right and wrong is a matter of reason, rather than feeling. The claim that psychopaths don't show rationalism is plain wrong. Psychopaths are as logical as you and me - in fact, they outsmart us all the time, hence their everyday depiction as connivers and con artists. So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone.

Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims. Psychopaths appear to be poor at integrating all the various factors that go into making good choices, and often have poor reasons for their actions. They usually attend almost exclusively to the task at hand, and ignore relevant contextual information - although when context doesn’t play a role, they do very well. Other studies have found that psychopaths have problems reversing their responses: when actions that were previously rewarded are now punished - or actions that were previously punished are rewarded - they have problems adjusting. Most people desist and find other ways to navigate their way through, psychopaths tend not to. This insensitivity extends to social threats, such as angry faces. If you show a person pictures that they find threatening, they startle much more easily in response to loud sounds. Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress.

These findings support the rationalist idea that psychopathic immorality comes down to some inability to reason well. But you might have noticed that psychopaths don’t experience fear as often, and in the same situations, as do ordinary people. Last time I looked, fear was an emotion. This brings us back into the camp of people who think that emotion, not reason, is central to ethics. Typically they focus on empathy.

 

Q. The author of the passage is least likely to agree with which of the following?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 2

The author quotes several examples where both rational and emotional responses of psychopaths deviate from normal - For rational, the author quotes "Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims. Psychopaths appear to be poor at integrating all the various factors that go into making good choices, and often have poor reasons for their actions". And for emotional, "Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress.". Hence, we can say that both responses show deviation from normal. Hence, the author will not agree with option A.

"Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims." So, the psychopath is not capable of factoring in how his actions affect his other plans/aims, i.e., the action is devoid of contextual consideration and does not factor in the derivative effects. The author would agree with option B.

" Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress." Hence, option C is likely to receive approval as well.

"The claim that psychopaths don't show rationalism is plain wrong. Psychopaths are as logical as you and me - in fact, they outsmart us all the time, hence their everyday depiction as connivers and con artists. So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone."-  Using these lines, the author implies that psychopaths are rational because their logical reasoning skills as good as anybody else's. So, their moral decision-making abilities are not dependant on their reasoning ability alone. Option D captures this accurately. The author would agree with option D.

Hence, Option A is the correct choice.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 3

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

Psychopaths are sick, deranged, lacking in moral conscience. In other words, they’re nothing like you or me. This picture of psychopathy has dominated the thinking of both laypeople and researchers. It’s at once sensational and reassuring. But this is false. There’s no major ability that psychopaths lack altogether, and their deficits are often small and circumscribed. They certainly aren’t incapable of telling right from wrong, making good decisions or experiencing empathy for other people. Instead, they suffer from a host of more mundane problems - such as being overly goal-fixated, fearless and selfish. What’s more, perhaps ‘our’ reactions are closer to ‘theirs’ than we realise. Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; and for all the praise we heap on empathy, a closer look at this emotion suggests that it’s nearer to a kind of self-preservation instinct than any ‘warm and fuzzy’ fellow-feeling.

When debating what’s wrong with psychopaths, researchers typically pitch two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, holds that judging right and wrong is a matter of reason, rather than feeling. The claim that psychopaths don't show rationalism is plain wrong. Psychopaths are as logical as you and me - in fact, they outsmart us all the time, hence their everyday depiction as connivers and con artists. So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone.

Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims. Psychopaths appear to be poor at integrating all the various factors that go into making good choices, and often have poor reasons for their actions. They usually attend almost exclusively to the task at hand, and ignore relevant contextual information - although when context doesn’t play a role, they do very well. Other studies have found that psychopaths have problems reversing their responses: when actions that were previously rewarded are now punished - or actions that were previously punished are rewarded - they have problems adjusting. Most people desist and find other ways to navigate their way through, psychopaths tend not to. This insensitivity extends to social threats, such as angry faces. If you show a person pictures that they find threatening, they startle much more easily in response to loud sounds. Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress.

These findings support the rationalist idea that psychopathic immorality comes down to some inability to reason well. But you might have noticed that psychopaths don’t experience fear as often, and in the same situations, as do ordinary people. Last time I looked, fear was an emotion. This brings us back into the camp of people who think that emotion, not reason, is central to ethics. Typically they focus on empathy.

 

Q. Which of the following could be the next line of discussion?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 3

In the passage, the author pitches two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, links moral sensibility to reason, and towards the end, a second approach links morality to emotion. Also, the author points out that the people promulgating the second approach typically focus on empathy. Hence, the next line of discussion should ideally be centred on the idea of empathy/empathetic concern and how it fares as a basis for explaining moral sensibility.  

Comparing the options, option C captures this theme correctly. Option C is the answer.

The author establishes that psychopaths experience empathy in the first paragraph. (" Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; "). Hence, option A does not add much value to the overall discussion.

The author does not expand upon the role of fear in the passage and does not provide hints that suggest fear might have a dual role, as stated in option B. Hence, option B can be eliminated.

Option D is too narrow. The second camp typically focuses on empathy. Moreover, the author does not explicitly highlight the importance of personal distress anywhere in the passage. Hence, option D can be eliminated as well.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 4

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

Psychopaths are sick, deranged, lacking in moral conscience. In other words, they’re nothing like you or me. This picture of psychopathy has dominated the thinking of both laypeople and researchers. It’s at once sensational and reassuring. But this is false. There’s no major ability that psychopaths lack altogether, and their deficits are often small and circumscribed. They certainly aren’t incapable of telling right from wrong, making good decisions or experiencing empathy for other people. Instead, they suffer from a host of more mundane problems - such as being overly goal-fixated, fearless and selfish. What’s more, perhaps ‘our’ reactions are closer to ‘theirs’ than we realise. Like psychopaths, we can dial our empathy up and down; and for all the praise we heap on empathy, a closer look at this emotion suggests that it’s nearer to a kind of self-preservation instinct than any ‘warm and fuzzy’ fellow-feeling.

When debating what’s wrong with psychopaths, researchers typically pitch two competing moral theories against one another. One approach, known as rationalism, holds that judging right and wrong is a matter of reason, rather than feeling. The claim that psychopaths don't show rationalism is plain wrong. Psychopaths are as logical as you and me - in fact, they outsmart us all the time, hence their everyday depiction as connivers and con artists. So the fact that they’re rational but still capable of inhuman acts shows that moral sensibility can’t be grounded in reason alone.

Psychopaths struggle with what philosophers call ‘reasons for actions’: considerations that underlie our decisions to act, such as the likelihood that what we’ll do will satisfy our goals and won’t come into conflict with other projects or aims. Psychopaths appear to be poor at integrating all the various factors that go into making good choices, and often have poor reasons for their actions. They usually attend almost exclusively to the task at hand, and ignore relevant contextual information - although when context doesn’t play a role, they do very well. Other studies have found that psychopaths have problems reversing their responses: when actions that were previously rewarded are now punished - or actions that were previously punished are rewarded - they have problems adjusting. Most people desist and find other ways to navigate their way through, psychopaths tend not to. This insensitivity extends to social threats, such as angry faces. If you show a person pictures that they find threatening, they startle much more easily in response to loud sounds. Psychopaths respond normally to direct threats, such as an image of the gaping jaw of a shark or a striking snake, but not to social threats, such as people in pain or distress.

These findings support the rationalist idea that psychopathic immorality comes down to some inability to reason well. But you might have noticed that psychopaths don’t experience fear as often, and in the same situations, as do ordinary people. Last time I looked, fear was an emotion. This brings us back into the camp of people who think that emotion, not reason, is central to ethics. Typically they focus on empathy.

 

Q. Which of the following statements about empathy can be inferred from the first paragraph?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 4

"and for all the praise we heap on empathy, a closer look at this emotion suggests that it’s nearer to a kind of self-preservation instinct than any ‘warm and fuzzy’ fellow-feeling." The author posits that empathy is more of an instinct to protect oneself from harm rather than a feeling of genuine concern for others. 

Option A is wrong. The person is concerned about his/her own safety and not relieved. 

Option B cannot be inferred. Based on the information presented in the passage, it cannot be established that empathy is absent when someone else's misfortune has no bearing on us. 

Option C captures the author's view correctly. Option C is the answer.

Option D is extreme. Empathy generates concern for one's own safety, but that concern need not necessarily trigger an adaptive response that prepares the self for similar adversity. The cognitive adaption has not been implied in the passage. Hence, option D can be eliminated.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 5

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The history of sport is full of suffering. In 1973, the boxer Muhammad Ali fought with a broken jaw for at least four rounds during his first historic bout with Ken Norton. In 1993, the American footballer Emmitt Smith played the entire second half of an NFL game with a first-degree separated shoulder, his arm hanging limply at his side as he ran for a heroic 168 yards. And in 1997, the basketball player Michael Jordan was delirious with fever when he scored 38 points in Game 5 of the NBA Finals; after the final buzzer, Scottie Pippen had to carry Jordan off the court because he no longer seemed able to support his own body weight.

Why such a drive to suffer and endure? A study by the medical researcher Jonas Tesarz and colleagues at the University of Heidelberg in 2012 found that athletes had significantly higher pain tolerance than normally active people. And yet both groups had similar pain thresholds, the point at which a sensation is recognisable as pain. Training can’t make athletes numb to pain, but it can condition them to tolerate it. And that kind of self-overcoming seems somehow integral to sport itself. And of course, if you’re suffering, the chances are that your opponent is, too. Indifference to pain confers a tactical advantage.

‘I remember the best race I ever had where the pain was almost enjoyable because you see other people hurt more than you,’ one Olympic athlete admitted during a study of pain tolerance. ‘If nothing is going wrong and there are no mechanical problems during the race then sometimes you can just turn the volume up a little higher and then a little higher and other people suffer and you almost enjoy it, even though you are in pain.’

Japanese trainers have gone so far as to enshrine this marriage of pain and athletic discipline in the concept of taibatsu, which translates roughly as ‘corporal punishment’. In his piece on Japanese baseball for The Japan Times last year, Robert Whiting traces the concept to one Suishu Tobita, head coach of the fabled Waseda University team in the 1920s. Tobita advocated ‘a baseball of savage pain and a baseball practice of savage treatment’. Players nicknamed his practice sessions ‘death training’: ‘If the players do not try so hard as to vomit blood in practice,’ he said, ‘then they cannot hope to win games. One must suffer to be good.’ This ethos has survived into the present day.  The Japanese-born New York Yankees pitcher Hiroki Kuroda, has admitted that there were times in elementary school when his buttocks were beaten with a baseball bat until he couldn’t sit down.

In one sense, then, it appears that sport is largely about ignoring pain. And yet pain returns to assert itself in a strange and striking way when we look at the broader category of competitive play. In a way, pain is one of the first games we learn. We live in an inverse relation to it, claiming as ideal any form of civilisation in which the possibility of experiencing pain is minimised. It is the first and most fundamental rule we learn to follow through free will, something that roots our lives in an inescapable game-like quality. We are always ruled by pain, and those capable of breaking its hold for a few moments become our heroes, role models, and victors.

 

Q. Why does the author cite the examples of several sportspersons in the first paragraph? 

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 5

In the opening line of the paragraph, the author states that the history of sport is full of suffering. And then to validate this statement, the author quotes several examples, including that of Micheal Jordan and Mohammed Ali. The author, hence, provides examples to validate his claim that sports are full of suffering. Only option C captures this and hence is the right answer.

Options A and B can be easily eliminated because it has not been implied in the first paragraph that these sports persons were victorious or successful in their endeavour.

Option D is out of scope. The author does not talk about the fear of defeat in the first paragraph.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 6

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The history of sport is full of suffering. In 1973, the boxer Muhammad Ali fought with a broken jaw for at least four rounds during his first historic bout with Ken Norton. In 1993, the American footballer Emmitt Smith played the entire second half of an NFL game with a first-degree separated shoulder, his arm hanging limply at his side as he ran for a heroic 168 yards. And in 1997, the basketball player Michael Jordan was delirious with fever when he scored 38 points in Game 5 of the NBA Finals; after the final buzzer, Scottie Pippen had to carry Jordan off the court because he no longer seemed able to support his own body weight.

Why such a drive to suffer and endure? A study by the medical researcher Jonas Tesarz and colleagues at the University of Heidelberg in 2012 found that athletes had significantly higher pain tolerance than normally active people. And yet both groups had similar pain thresholds, the point at which a sensation is recognisable as pain. Training can’t make athletes numb to pain, but it can condition them to tolerate it. And that kind of self-overcoming seems somehow integral to sport itself. And of course, if you’re suffering, the chances are that your opponent is, too. Indifference to pain confers a tactical advantage.

‘I remember the best race I ever had where the pain was almost enjoyable because you see other people hurt more than you,’ one Olympic athlete admitted during a study of pain tolerance. ‘If nothing is going wrong and there are no mechanical problems during the race then sometimes you can just turn the volume up a little higher and then a little higher and other people suffer and you almost enjoy it, even though you are in pain.’

Japanese trainers have gone so far as to enshrine this marriage of pain and athletic discipline in the concept of taibatsu, which translates roughly as ‘corporal punishment’. In his piece on Japanese baseball for The Japan Times last year, Robert Whiting traces the concept to one Suishu Tobita, head coach of the fabled Waseda University team in the 1920s. Tobita advocated ‘a baseball of savage pain and a baseball practice of savage treatment’. Players nicknamed his practice sessions ‘death training’: ‘If the players do not try so hard as to vomit blood in practice,’ he said, ‘then they cannot hope to win games. One must suffer to be good.’ This ethos has survived into the present day.  The Japanese-born New York Yankees pitcher Hiroki Kuroda, has admitted that there were times in elementary school when his buttocks were beaten with a baseball bat until he couldn’t sit down.

In one sense, then, it appears that sport is largely about ignoring pain. And yet pain returns to assert itself in a strange and striking way when we look at the broader category of competitive play. In a way, pain is one of the first games we learn. We live in an inverse relation to it, claiming as ideal any form of civilisation in which the possibility of experiencing pain is minimised. It is the first and most fundamental rule we learn to follow through free will, something that roots our lives in an inescapable game-like quality. We are always ruled by pain, and those capable of breaking its hold for a few moments become our heroes, role models, and victors.

 

Q. Which of the following is NOT a valid inference based on the passage?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 6

Option A: The author mentions how inviting and turning up the intensity of pain confers a competitive advantage. Tolerating pain a little longer than your competitor could make all the difference {...And of course, if you’re suffering, the chances are that your opponent is, too. Indifference to pain confers a tactical advantage...} He quotes an Olympic athlete in this regard-  "If nothing is going wrong and there are no mechanical problems during the race then sometimes you can just turn the volume up a little higher and then a little higher, and other people suffer, and you almost enjoy it, even though you are in pain." Option A coincides with this idea and hence, is a valid inference. 

Option B: While the author states that "Japanese trainers have gone so far as to enshrine this marriage of pain and athletic discipline in the concept of taibatsu", he quotes Whiting and calls it 'savage'. There is no comparison undertaken in the passage concerning the opinion around 'taibatsu' being acceptable then or now. Hence, Option B is invalid. 

Option C: "We are always ruled by pain, and those capable of breaking its hold for a few moments become our heroes, role models, and victors." The statement in C aligns with the point made towards the end of the discussion, wherein the author emphasises that tolerating pain a little longer raises us to the levels of those we idolise. Thus, Option C is a valid inference. 

Option D: The statement in D correlates to the following lines from the passage: "Training can’t make athletes numb to pain, but it can condition them to tolerate it."

Hence, Option B is the correct choice.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 7

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The history of sport is full of suffering. In 1973, the boxer Muhammad Ali fought with a broken jaw for at least four rounds during his first historic bout with Ken Norton. In 1993, the American footballer Emmitt Smith played the entire second half of an NFL game with a first-degree separated shoulder, his arm hanging limply at his side as he ran for a heroic 168 yards. And in 1997, the basketball player Michael Jordan was delirious with fever when he scored 38 points in Game 5 of the NBA Finals; after the final buzzer, Scottie Pippen had to carry Jordan off the court because he no longer seemed able to support his own body weight.

Why such a drive to suffer and endure? A study by the medical researcher Jonas Tesarz and colleagues at the University of Heidelberg in 2012 found that athletes had significantly higher pain tolerance than normally active people. And yet both groups had similar pain thresholds, the point at which a sensation is recognisable as pain. Training can’t make athletes numb to pain, but it can condition them to tolerate it. And that kind of self-overcoming seems somehow integral to sport itself. And of course, if you’re suffering, the chances are that your opponent is, too. Indifference to pain confers a tactical advantage.

‘I remember the best race I ever had where the pain was almost enjoyable because you see other people hurt more than you,’ one Olympic athlete admitted during a study of pain tolerance. ‘If nothing is going wrong and there are no mechanical problems during the race then sometimes you can just turn the volume up a little higher and then a little higher and other people suffer and you almost enjoy it, even though you are in pain.’

Japanese trainers have gone so far as to enshrine this marriage of pain and athletic discipline in the concept of taibatsu, which translates roughly as ‘corporal punishment’. In his piece on Japanese baseball for The Japan Times last year, Robert Whiting traces the concept to one Suishu Tobita, head coach of the fabled Waseda University team in the 1920s. Tobita advocated ‘a baseball of savage pain and a baseball practice of savage treatment’. Players nicknamed his practice sessions ‘death training’: ‘If the players do not try so hard as to vomit blood in practice,’ he said, ‘then they cannot hope to win games. One must suffer to be good.’ This ethos has survived into the present day.  The Japanese-born New York Yankees pitcher Hiroki Kuroda, has admitted that there were times in elementary school when his buttocks were beaten with a baseball bat until he couldn’t sit down.

In one sense, then, it appears that sport is largely about ignoring pain. And yet pain returns to assert itself in a strange and striking way when we look at the broader category of competitive play. In a way, pain is one of the first games we learn. We live in an inverse relation to it, claiming as ideal any form of civilisation in which the possibility of experiencing pain is minimised. It is the first and most fundamental rule we learn to follow through free will, something that roots our lives in an inescapable game-like quality. We are always ruled by pain, and those capable of breaking its hold for a few moments become our heroes, role models, and victors.

 

Q. The author mentions Japanese-born New York Yankees pitcher Hiroki Kuroda to

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 7

In the penultimate paragraph, the author discusses the 'taibatsu' concept, which found popular acceptance in Japan as a form of training in the late 1920s. The taibatsu training is an extreme example of pain being tied with athletic discipline and being made an overt part of athletic training. The example of taibatsu is given to highlight the thinking that pain is an integral part of sports and sports training - it is in fact reflective of the athlete's discipline. Kuroda's example is given to show that this thinking continues to exist to this day.

Option D conveys the author's view correctly, as elucidated above. Option D is the answer.

Option A is far-fetched. The author does not present sufficient examples for us to conclude that the concept has produced several successful athletes.

Option B is not incorrect but is not the reason why the author mentions the Japanese pitcher.

Option C gives the reason behind why taibatsu is mentioned. But not why Kuroda is mentioned. Hence, D is the right answer.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 8

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The history of sport is full of suffering. In 1973, the boxer Muhammad Ali fought with a broken jaw for at least four rounds during his first historic bout with Ken Norton. In 1993, the American footballer Emmitt Smith played the entire second half of an NFL game with a first-degree separated shoulder, his arm hanging limply at his side as he ran for a heroic 168 yards. And in 1997, the basketball player Michael Jordan was delirious with fever when he scored 38 points in Game 5 of the NBA Finals; after the final buzzer, Scottie Pippen had to carry Jordan off the court because he no longer seemed able to support his own body weight.

Why such a drive to suffer and endure? A study by the medical researcher Jonas Tesarz and colleagues at the University of Heidelberg in 2012 found that athletes had significantly higher pain tolerance than normally active people. And yet both groups had similar pain thresholds, the point at which a sensation is recognisable as pain. Training can’t make athletes numb to pain, but it can condition them to tolerate it. And that kind of self-overcoming seems somehow integral to sport itself. And of course, if you’re suffering, the chances are that your opponent is, too. Indifference to pain confers a tactical advantage.

‘I remember the best race I ever had where the pain was almost enjoyable because you see other people hurt more than you,’ one Olympic athlete admitted during a study of pain tolerance. ‘If nothing is going wrong and there are no mechanical problems during the race then sometimes you can just turn the volume up a little higher and then a little higher and other people suffer and you almost enjoy it, even though you are in pain.’

Japanese trainers have gone so far as to enshrine this marriage of pain and athletic discipline in the concept of taibatsu, which translates roughly as ‘corporal punishment’. In his piece on Japanese baseball for The Japan Times last year, Robert Whiting traces the concept to one Suishu Tobita, head coach of the fabled Waseda University team in the 1920s. Tobita advocated ‘a baseball of savage pain and a baseball practice of savage treatment’. Players nicknamed his practice sessions ‘death training’: ‘If the players do not try so hard as to vomit blood in practice,’ he said, ‘then they cannot hope to win games. One must suffer to be good.’ This ethos has survived into the present day.  The Japanese-born New York Yankees pitcher Hiroki Kuroda, has admitted that there were times in elementary school when his buttocks were beaten with a baseball bat until he couldn’t sit down.

In one sense, then, it appears that sport is largely about ignoring pain. And yet pain returns to assert itself in a strange and striking way when we look at the broader category of competitive play. In a way, pain is one of the first games we learn. We live in an inverse relation to it, claiming as ideal any form of civilisation in which the possibility of experiencing pain is minimised. It is the first and most fundamental rule we learn to follow through free will, something that roots our lives in an inescapable game-like quality. We are always ruled by pain, and those capable of breaking its hold for a few moments become our heroes, role models, and victors.

 

Q.  The central idea of the passage is that

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 8

The author starts off by saying that pain and suffering are common in sports. He goes on to add that learning to tolerate pain is crucial to excelling in sports. Those who can tolerate pain better, gain a tactical advantage. Pain is almost seen as a positive - and is thus tied to the idea of sports discipline. The author concludes by saying that we have a complicated relationship with pain - on one hand, we try to minimize it and on the other, we idolize those who learn to tolerate it. Hence, the central idea of the passage is that tolerating pain is an integral part of sports and those who learn to do this gain a tactical advantage and rise above others.

Comparing the options, option A comes closest to the view given above. Option A is the answer.

The passage revolves around the role of pain in sports. While the author does extend this to broader life in the last paragraph, the focus remains on sports throughout the passage. Thus, options B and C, which miss the context of sports, can be eliminated.

Option D contains two distortions - enjoy pain and emerge as victors. The author states that putting one's competitors through greater pain is enjoyable to sportspersons. However, it does not state that learning to enjoy pain offers one any specific advantage. Secondly, the author does not state that those who tolerate pain better emerge as victors. The ability to tolerate pain is an advantage but not the sole advantage needed to succeed. Hence, D is incorrect.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 9

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react. Everyone recognises your awesomeness and competes to serve your interests, whether motivated by admiration or fear. 

Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics. In real politics, we try to address multiple, intersecting, complicated collective action problems - like the high cost of housing or sexism in the labour market - while at the same time grappling with the deep diversity of beliefs, values, and interests within and between societies. Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes.

Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics. It gives us the opportunity to express our political values and loyalties and this is something that feels good in itself and has an immediate psychic payoff, regardless of whether anything we are doing is actually contributing to bringing about the outcome we claim to want. Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else. 

The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant. Moreover, like the victim’s dreams of revenge against their bully, these resentment driven fantasies are not kind. In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit (a classic example of fantasy politics) will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation.

It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular. The kookiness of America’s gun rights movement, for example, has a lot to do with its animating hero fantasy of the regular guy standing up against the bad guys or evil government. In these movie screenplays that they write themselves, the good guy never misses and the bad guys never manage to shoot straight; and when the police arrive they can immediately tell who the good guys are.

Finally, demand creates its own supply. Political entrepreneurs like Trump or Farage or Boris come out of the woodwork and start pitching more fantasy products for voters to buy- so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay.

 

Q. The author ascribes the pervasiveness of fantasy politics today to all of the following factors EXCEPT:

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 9

The statement in Option A has not been presented in the passage. The author, in no manner, portrays that fantasy politics enables previously "unheard voices" to be heard/noticed. He indicates that people feel significant and powerful. And this feeling especially draws those who feel neglected or unheard. But this does not mean that those people are actually neglected and then heard after coming together. Hence, option A cannot be inferred.

"Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics....and has an immediate psychic pay off". Therefore, Option B can be inferred from this excerpt.

"It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular." Hence, Option C can be inferred from this line.

"Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics...Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want." Thus, Option D aligns with the ideas that the author discusses. 

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 10

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react. Everyone recognises your awesomeness and competes to serve your interests, whether motivated by admiration or fear. 

Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics. In real politics, we try to address multiple, intersecting, complicated collective action problems - like the high cost of housing or sexism in the labour market - while at the same time grappling with the deep diversity of beliefs, values, and interests within and between societies. Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes.

Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics. It gives us the opportunity to express our political values and loyalties and this is something that feels good in itself and has an immediate psychic payoff, regardless of whether anything we are doing is actually contributing to bringing about the outcome we claim to want. Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else. 

The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant. Moreover, like the victim’s dreams of revenge against their bully, these resentment driven fantasies are not kind. In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit (a classic example of fantasy politics) will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation.

It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular. The kookiness of America’s gun rights movement, for example, has a lot to do with its animating hero fantasy of the regular guy standing up against the bad guys or evil government. In these movie screenplays that they write themselves, the good guy never misses and the bad guys never manage to shoot straight; and when the police arrive they can immediately tell who the good guys are.

Finally, demand creates its own supply. Political entrepreneurs like Trump or Farage or Boris come out of the woodwork and start pitching more fantasy products for voters to buy- so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay.

 

Q. The author is likely to agree with all of the following statements, EXCEPT

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 10

In the entire passage, the author attempts to bring out the fallacies of fantasy politics and make a case for real politics. Also, in the antepenultimate paragraph, the author states, "In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation." Hence, in the long-term, there is no other bona fide alternative except real politics. The author would agree with statement A.

Option B is a distortion. "..so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay." The author argues that the citizens are disinterested, not unaware. Hence, the author is likely to disagree with the statement in option B.

"Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes". Option C can be inferred.

"In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation." The author would agree with the statement in option D as well.

Option B is the answer.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 11

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react. Everyone recognises your awesomeness and competes to serve your interests, whether motivated by admiration or fear. 

Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics. In real politics, we try to address multiple, intersecting, complicated collective action problems - like the high cost of housing or sexism in the labour market - while at the same time grappling with the deep diversity of beliefs, values, and interests within and between societies. Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes.

Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics. It gives us the opportunity to express our political values and loyalties and this is something that feels good in itself and has an immediate psychic payoff, regardless of whether anything we are doing is actually contributing to bringing about the outcome we claim to want. Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else. 

The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant. Moreover, like the victim’s dreams of revenge against their bully, these resentment driven fantasies are not kind. In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit (a classic example of fantasy politics) will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation.

It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular. The kookiness of America’s gun rights movement, for example, has a lot to do with its animating hero fantasy of the regular guy standing up against the bad guys or evil government. In these movie screenplays that they write themselves, the good guy never misses and the bad guys never manage to shoot straight; and when the police arrive they can immediately tell who the good guys are.

Finally, demand creates its own supply. Political entrepreneurs like Trump or Farage or Boris come out of the woodwork and start pitching more fantasy products for voters to buy- so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay.

 

Q. Which of the following is a valid inference from the passage?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 11

Option A cannot be inferred. The author is wary of the popularity of fantasy politics and its impractical promises. But the author does not refer to these populist theories as evil anywhere in the passage. 

Option B has not implied in the passage. Though the failure results in followers relapsing into a state of scepticism and alienation, it cannot be inferred whether the leaders were expecting such outcomes. 

The author begins the discussion by stating the following: "Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react..." Note the author's tone in the passage - he does not appear to be a big fan of fantasy politics. In this introductory part, the author highlights the underlying elements that contribute to the appeal of fantasy politics. There is a subtle tinge of sarcasm wherein the author emphasises the way individuals feel when they engage in fantasy politics - it makes you feel in control; are you truly in control? Not so much! Subsequently, the author delves into the reason behind the appeal of fantasy politics and highlights how quotidian/everyday situations are elevated to the level of decisive moral battles. Thus, given the points underlined in the passage, the false sense of control imparted by indulgence in fantasy politics adds to its appeal. Option C aligns with this idea.

Option D is incorrect. The author does not make such an assertion. 

Hence, Option C is the correct choice.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 12

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react. Everyone recognises your awesomeness and competes to serve your interests, whether motivated by admiration or fear. 

Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics. In real politics, we try to address multiple, intersecting, complicated collective action problems - like the high cost of housing or sexism in the labour market - while at the same time grappling with the deep diversity of beliefs, values, and interests within and between societies. Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes.

Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics. It gives us the opportunity to express our political values and loyalties and this is something that feels good in itself and has an immediate psychic payoff, regardless of whether anything we are doing is actually contributing to bringing about the outcome we claim to want. Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else. 

The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant. Moreover, like the victim’s dreams of revenge against their bully, these resentment driven fantasies are not kind. In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit (a classic example of fantasy politics) will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation.

It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular. The kookiness of America’s gun rights movement, for example, has a lot to do with its animating hero fantasy of the regular guy standing up against the bad guys or evil government. In these movie screenplays that they write themselves, the good guy never misses and the bad guys never manage to shoot straight; and when the police arrive they can immediately tell who the good guys are.

Finally, demand creates its own supply. Political entrepreneurs like Trump or Farage or Boris come out of the woodwork and start pitching more fantasy products for voters to buy- so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay.

 

Q. The author’s tone towards followers of fantasy politics can best be described as being:

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 12

The author ridicules the popularity of fantasy politics using sarcastic and ironic examples in the passage. Here is one such example- "The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant."

In the third paragraph, the author ridicules those endorsing fantasy politics, claiming that they express their political views while not really making an impact on a personal level. Additionally, in the penultimate paragraph, the author further ridicules fantasy politics, citing the eccentricity of the American gun rights movement.

Hence, Option D is the answer.

The author is not explicitly critical. Option A can be eliminated.

The author is not ambivalent. He is unilaterally in favour of real politics.

The author does not plead for action. Hence, option C can be eliminated.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 13

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

Fantasy politics starts from the expectation that wishes should come true, that the best outcome imaginable is not just possible but overwhelmingly likely. The great appeal of fantasy politics is that it puts you in complete control. Using the power of your imagination, you get to control not only what you will do but also how everyone else will react. Everyone recognises your awesomeness and competes to serve your interests, whether motivated by admiration or fear. 

Why is fantasy politics so popular these days? One reason is that it is so much easier than real politics. In real politics, we try to address multiple, intersecting, complicated collective action problems - like the high cost of housing or sexism in the labour market - while at the same time grappling with the deep diversity of beliefs, values, and interests within and between societies. Real politics is a difficult and time-consuming activity that usually requires dissatisfactory compromise with reality and what other people want. It is much easier to make-believe our way to our favoured outcomes.

Fantasy politics is also much more inherently satisfying than real politics. It gives us the opportunity to express our political values and loyalties and this is something that feels good in itself and has an immediate psychic payoff, regardless of whether anything we are doing is actually contributing to bringing about the outcome we claim to want. Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else. 

The psychic benefits of fantasy politics seem especially attractive to those who feel neglected and unheard by the political system, such as the white working class in towns left behind by the modern economy. For these losers, animated by grievance, fantasy politics offers their only way to feel politically significant. Moreover, like the victim’s dreams of revenge against their bully, these resentment driven fantasies are not kind. In the mid-term, the failure of populist fantasies like Brexit (a classic example of fantasy politics) will no doubt reinforce their followers' cynicism and alienation.

It should also be mentioned that fantasy politics is everywhere these days because fantasy itself is so popular. The kookiness of America’s gun rights movement, for example, has a lot to do with its animating hero fantasy of the regular guy standing up against the bad guys or evil government. In these movie screenplays that they write themselves, the good guy never misses and the bad guys never manage to shoot straight; and when the police arrive they can immediately tell who the good guys are.

Finally, demand creates its own supply. Political entrepreneurs like Trump or Farage or Boris come out of the woodwork and start pitching more fantasy products for voters to buy- so long as large numbers of our fellow citizens are disinterested in outcomes and prefer wallowing in fantasy, populist politicians will make hay.

 

Q. Why does the author cite QAnon followers in the passage?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 13

"Raising the stakes in our imagination, for example, by elevating a mundane legislative election to a decisive battle between good and evil, immediately makes us feel more vital and significant. Conspiracy theorising similarly raises the stakes, casting us in the role of a band of heroes, such as QAnon followers, fighting to bring to light and bring down depraved evil. All this contrasts with the meagre psychic rewards of participating in real politics, as merely one voice among millions of equals no more special than anyone else."

In the third paragraph, the author highlights how fantasy politics is more gratifying than real politics. He states that the immediate psychic reward associated with fantasy politics makes it appealing (compared to real politics). This occurs predominantly due to people raising the stakes of everyday events in their fantasies and wherein situations are elevated to the level of high-stakes, decisive moral battles. The rationale behind this is then underscored: engaging in this kind of activity makes individuals feel valued, important and indispensable. The author states that conspiracy theorising exemplifies this afore-mentioned process. In this context, he cites QAnon followers: a group that raises the stakes by elevating ordinary affairs to a battle between good and evil. Option C correctly captures this idea.  

Option A: This perception of QAnon followers originates from raising the stakes in our fantasy. The author does not call them a band of heroes; nor does he discuss any "positive impact". Instead, this is how QAnon followers (or most individuals engaging in conspiracy theorising) portray/perceive themselves to be. Therefore, Option A is a distortion.   

Option B: The statement here is tangential to the discussion. This is not the reason behind the author citing QAnon followers. Hence, we can reject this option.

Option D: While the author states that the psychic reward from fantasy politics outstrips that from real politics, it cannot be asserted that real politics does not offer any "observable psychic rewards". Additionally, this does not coincide with the reason for citing QAnon followers in the passage. Thus, D can be eliminated.

Hence, Option C is the correct choice. 

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 14

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree. If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries.

Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting.
The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist—not to mention cancerous to our economy and inconsistent with the American dream. For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful. After all, who in their right mind would argue against the concept of meritocracy?

Employers whose efforts to increase diversity lack the same analytical and executional rigour that is taken for granted in every other part of their business engage in practices that disadvantage black people in the competition for economic opportunity. By default, this behaviour protects white people’s positions of power.

We can increase the cost of this behaviour by calling on major employers to sign on to basic practices that demonstrate that black lives matter to them. Companies that sign on will be recognized and celebrated. Senior management teams that decline to take these basic steps will no longer be able to hide, and they will struggle to recruit and retain top talent of all colours who will prefer firms that have signed on. Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour. These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities.

Third-degree racism can be deadly. For at least the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandated that in order to get tested, you had to go to a primary care doctor to get a prescription and then, in some areas, also get a referral to a specialist who could approve a test, because they were in limited supply. That process made it much harder for minorities to access tests because they are much less likely to have primary-care physicians. If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives. Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives.

 

Q. Which of the following is an example of second-degree racism?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 14

On referring to the following excerpt from the first paragraph, we can see that Options A and B are examples of racism of the first degree: {...The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree...}

{...The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility...}.These lines highlight the disadvantages that people of colour face at their workplaces, often labelled as third-degree racism. Option D serves as an example of the same. 

The author describes second-degree racism as follows: {...Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting...} Option C is an example reflective of second-degree racism - punishing those who support anti-racism efforts.

Hence, Option C is the correct choice. 

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 15

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree. If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries.

Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting.
The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist—not to mention cancerous to our economy and inconsistent with the American dream. For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful. After all, who in their right mind would argue against the concept of meritocracy?

Employers whose efforts to increase diversity lack the same analytical and executional rigour that is taken for granted in every other part of their business engage in practices that disadvantage black people in the competition for economic opportunity. By default, this behaviour protects white people’s positions of power.

We can increase the cost of this behaviour by calling on major employers to sign on to basic practices that demonstrate that black lives matter to them. Companies that sign on will be recognized and celebrated. Senior management teams that decline to take these basic steps will no longer be able to hide, and they will struggle to recruit and retain top talent of all colours who will prefer firms that have signed on. Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour. These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities.

Third-degree racism can be deadly. For at least the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandated that in order to get tested, you had to go to a primary care doctor to get a prescription and then, in some areas, also get a referral to a specialist who could approve a test, because they were in limited supply. That process made it much harder for minorities to access tests because they are much less likely to have primary-care physicians. If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives. Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives.

 

Q. Why does the author cite the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's COVID-19 pandemic response in the final paragraph?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 15

Through the passage, the author first introduces us to the three forms of racism. She then puts forward ideas to tackle third-degree racism. Finally, in the last paragraph, the author highlights what is at stake - not fighting third-degree racism could cost us many lives. Of the options, only option A highlights the purpose of the example - showing the impact of third-degree racism with the help of an example. 

The example of pandemic response is used to make a larger point of how we need to tackle third-degree racism. As options B and C focus on the example instead of the larger point, they are incorrect. Moreover, option B is an extreme statement.

Option D is in line with the passage - and it is a valid conclusion that can derived from the last paragraph. However, it does not answer "why" the example is given. The purpose behind the example is captured by option A and hence is the right answer.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 16

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree. If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries.

Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting.
The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist—not to mention cancerous to our economy and inconsistent with the American dream. For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful. After all, who in their right mind would argue against the concept of meritocracy?

Employers whose efforts to increase diversity lack the same analytical and executional rigour that is taken for granted in every other part of their business engage in practices that disadvantage black people in the competition for economic opportunity. By default, this behaviour protects white people’s positions of power.

We can increase the cost of this behaviour by calling on major employers to sign on to basic practices that demonstrate that black lives matter to them. Companies that sign on will be recognized and celebrated. Senior management teams that decline to take these basic steps will no longer be able to hide, and they will struggle to recruit and retain top talent of all colours who will prefer firms that have signed on. Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour. These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities.

Third-degree racism can be deadly. For at least the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandated that in order to get tested, you had to go to a primary care doctor to get a prescription and then, in some areas, also get a referral to a specialist who could approve a test, because they were in limited supply. That process made it much harder for minorities to access tests because they are much less likely to have primary-care physicians. If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives. Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives.

 

Q. Which of the following is the author of the passage most likely to agree with?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 16

"If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries."

"If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives."

The above examples suggest that the author blames the apparent impunity for the pervasiveness of racism. Hence, option A is likely to receive the author's approval.

" For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful."

The above line from the passage means that to a lot of white executives, hiring people of colour is akin to compromising of merit. This has been condemned by the author in the passage. The author, through the passage, means to say that efforts to increase racial diversity and maintain meritocracy are not contrary to each other. Option B is incorrect.

On reading the last para of the passage, we can understand that the author wants the government to make the process of getting vaccinated easier so that the minorities do not face as many difficulties as they actually had to. He does not ask the government to give them more priority over others. Option C is incorrect.

Option D is close but incorrect. The author argues that companies that do not implement basic diversity practices will be shunned by good talent and thus suffer. The author proposes an indirect punishment and not government intervention. As the option goes against the author's proposed policy, we can say that the author is less likely to agree with it.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 17

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree. If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries.

Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting.
The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist—not to mention cancerous to our economy and inconsistent with the American dream. For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful. After all, who in their right mind would argue against the concept of meritocracy?

Employers whose efforts to increase diversity lack the same analytical and executional rigour that is taken for granted in every other part of their business engage in practices that disadvantage black people in the competition for economic opportunity. By default, this behaviour protects white people’s positions of power.

We can increase the cost of this behaviour by calling on major employers to sign on to basic practices that demonstrate that black lives matter to them. Companies that sign on will be recognized and celebrated. Senior management teams that decline to take these basic steps will no longer be able to hide, and they will struggle to recruit and retain top talent of all colours who will prefer firms that have signed on. Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour. These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities.

Third-degree racism can be deadly. For at least the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandated that in order to get tested, you had to go to a primary care doctor to get a prescription and then, in some areas, also get a referral to a specialist who could approve a test, because they were in limited supply. That process made it much harder for minorities to access tests because they are much less likely to have primary-care physicians. If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives. Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives.

 

Q. According to the passage, which of the following will NOT be a impact of an increase in the numbers of black policymakers?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 17

" Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour."

Option A is validated from the line above.

"These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities."

The above line makes options C and D true as it talks about education as well as the healthcare sector.

Option B is a distortion of what is given in the passage. The author says that the cost of racist behaviour in policing will increase  - NOT the cost of policing itself. Hence, the right answer is option B.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 18

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

The most well-understood dimension of racism involves taking actions that people of colour view as overtly prejudiced—policing black citizens much differently than whites, calling the police on a black bird-watcher in Central Park who is asking you to obey the law, calling somebody the N-word to show them who is boss. This is racism in the first degree. If officers anticipated that they would be held fully accountable for bad policing, they would do more good policing and we could begin healing the wounds they’ve inflicted on black people for centuries.

Then there is opposing or turning one’s back on anti-racism efforts, often justified by the demonization of the people courageously tackling racist behaviour. I call this racism in the second degree, akin to aiding and abetting.
The final, most pernicious category undergirds the everyday black experience. When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist—not to mention cancerous to our economy and inconsistent with the American dream. For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful. After all, who in their right mind would argue against the concept of meritocracy?

Employers whose efforts to increase diversity lack the same analytical and executional rigour that is taken for granted in every other part of their business engage in practices that disadvantage black people in the competition for economic opportunity. By default, this behaviour protects white people’s positions of power.

We can increase the cost of this behaviour by calling on major employers to sign on to basic practices that demonstrate that black lives matter to them. Companies that sign on will be recognized and celebrated. Senior management teams that decline to take these basic steps will no longer be able to hide, and they will struggle to recruit and retain top talent of all colours who will prefer firms that have signed on. Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour. These leaders will also have the economic power to further elevate the cost of all other types of racist behaviour, in policing, criminal justice, housing, K-12 education, and health care—systems that for decades have been putting knees on the necks of our most vulnerable citizens and communities.

Third-degree racism can be deadly. For at least the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention mandated that in order to get tested, you had to go to a primary care doctor to get a prescription and then, in some areas, also get a referral to a specialist who could approve a test, because they were in limited supply. That process made it much harder for minorities to access tests because they are much less likely to have primary-care physicians. If the people who designed that process knew upfront that they would be exposed as racist, fired, and ostracized if their approach put minorities at a greater health risk than white people, they would have designed it differently and saved black lives. Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives.

 

Q. Which of the following cannot be inferred from the passage?

I. Employers who strive to improve racial diversity in their organizations do so because they understand that an excellence-based meritocracy system is flawed.

II. Perpetrators of third-degree racism are unwitting participants in a system designed to disadvantage black people.

III. Racism is categorized into different degrees based on the severity of the impact on the Black community.

IV. Institutional influence of black people is crucial to ensuring equitable outcomes for the Black community. 

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 18

In the second paragraph, the author states the following-

"For example, the majority of white executives operate as if there is a tension between increasing racial diversity and maintaining the excellence-based “meritocracies” that have made their organizations successful."

However, this does not lead to the conclusion those who do operate to increase racial diversity do so because they understand the excellence-based meritocracy system is flawed. Some might feel, like the author, that there is no trade-off involved between promoting diversity and meritocracy.

" When employers, educational institutions, and governmental entities do not unwind practices that disadvantage people of colour in the competition with whites for economic and career mobility, that is fundamentally racist."

The employers and institutions do not put in the effort required to curb racist practices. Hence, they are not necessarily unwitting participants in the system. Statement II is wrong.

The degrees of racism are classified by whether they are direct / indirect / institutional. The author does not classify them according to severity of impact. In fact, as shown by the example of pandemic response, even third-degree racism can have severe impact. Hence, III is incorrect.

"Then more people of colour will become economically mobile, organizations will become more diverse and competitive, and there will be a critical mass of black leaders whose institutional influence leads to more racially equitable behaviour."

"Just having a critical mass of minorities in decision-making roles regarding that test-qualification process would have also saved many lives."

From the above lines, Statement IV can be inferred.

So, statements I, II, and III are not inferrable. Option B is the answer.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 19

The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the author’s position.

A virus that kills too efficiently doesn’t get to be a virus for very long, because dead hosts can’t walk around breathing on uninfected-but-susceptible suckers. So one hypothesis says that successful mutations are mostly changes in the way the virus infects. That is, they improve the way the virus gets into a human, or gets into a human cell, or reproduces in that cell. If the best outcome for the virus is the same as that of humans, the eventual outcome for both species is going to be co-existence. Even if no vaccine were discovered, this would be the eventual end. Many viruses began as killers and then became harmless. But that is only at a species level. Evolution doesn’t really care for individuals. This is why you should still get vaccinated.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 19

The author advances the point that high killing efficiency is counterintuitive to the survival of the virus; it cannot survive without the host. Hence, it mutates to co-exist with the host, i.e., humans. However, humans are safe at a species level - not at an individual level. The species will survive but individuals might not. Hence, vaccination is necessary.

Option A surmises the point correctly. Option A is the answer.

The author does not discuss the effects of genetics. Option B can be eliminated.

Option C is close, but the point of individual safety is missed. Hence, we can eliminate it.

Option D is a distortion. The issue is of individual life and not individual welfare. Also, the point of viruses eventually becoming harmless is misstated - the para says that the virus will eventually become harmless while the option says it may not. Hence, option D can be eliminated.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 20

DIRECTIONS for the question: The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

  1. These views are largely impervious to argument or appearance and have some resonance with our deeply polarized society today.
  2. When believers and nonbelievers discuss or witness a seemingly miraculous event, they find little common ground, as if one is speaking French and the other Swahili.
  3. And yet, surprisingly, some recent proposals in physics reveal that believers and nonbelievers may have more in common than they think.
  4. Such radically different attitudes represent radically different views of the world.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 20

Sentence 2 is the opening sentence, as it sets the context, describing the situation that ensues when believers and non-believers discuss a seemingly miraculous event. 4 has to follow 2 because the 'radically different attitudes' that 4 refers to the difference in attitudes of believers and non-believers, discussed in 2. 1 follows 4, as it expands on the idea described in 4, i.e., the different views of the world. Finally, 3 concludes the paragraph, presenting an alternate possibility (despite the differing views, there might be some common ground). Hence, 2413 is the answer. 

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 21

DIRECTIONS for the question: The four sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4) below, when properly sequenced, would yield a coherent paragraph. Decide on the proper sequencing of the order of the sentences and key in the sequence of the four numbers as your answer:

  1. But alas,in the battle for knowledge and power in Antarctica, the land itself is losing.
  2. Activity that might seem inconsequential—leaving a footprint or watching penguins from feet away to study their behaviour—can influence the area in ways that we can’t always see immediately.
  3. Antarctic land and the animals that live on it, like other largely untouched environments, are extremely sensitive.
  4. Researchers have also found that tourists or other visitors have inadvertently brought invasive species, such as annual bluegrass, to the continent.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 21

324 is a unit. 3 presents a vulnerability associated with Antarctica, and sentences 2 and 4 expand on it, describing how human activities exacerbate the situation. 1 talks about the 'battle for knowledge', which is a reference to people watching penguins, to study their behaviour, outlined in 2. Hence, the correct order is 3241.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 22

DIRECTIONS for the question: Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.

  1. We’ve also learned much about cognition and the investment of the whole body in thought and action.
  2. But that isn’t the case.
  3. These many biological routes to attention gift us our selfhood.
  4. We now know we’re animals, related to all other life on our planet.
  5. As such, we might expect attitudes to have changed.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 22

We notice that statements 5 and 2 form a pair. Statement 5 talks about an expectation ('change in attitude'), and statement 2 refutes this belief ('not the case'). Statement 4 appears to be the introductory sentence - we can eliminate the remaining statements due to markers such as "also" (for Statement 1), and "these" (for Statement 3). Statement 1 seems to logically fit after statement 4 as it adds to the context for the paragraph. Sentences 4-1 followed by 5-2 forms a coherent paragraph. Statement 3 does not fit in the above arrangement due to its emphasis on biological routes. Hence, Statement 3 is the odd-one-out.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 23

DIRECTIONS for the question: Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.

  1. It’s not binary, it’s not completely quantifiable.
  2. The early stages of mental disorders are much more subtle and varied, and there is less agreement between clinicians.
  3. I make this judgment based on a history from someone who knows the patient well largely to rule out other causes.
  4. I can diagnose diabetes based on a number on a blood test: it is binary and quantifiable.
  5. When I diagnose dementia, it’s based on my subjective judgment that the person’s cognition has declined. 

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 23

Statements 5 and 3 forms a logical pair. Statement 3 talks about "this judgement", which alludes to the "subjective judgment" mentioned in statement 5. Additionally, "it" in statement 1 also describes the subject judgement which is not binary and not quantifiable. So, 531 forms a group. The author talks about the difference in diagnosis: he begins by citing how diagnosing diabetes is based on the objective interpretation of a number from a blood test. He tags this as something that is "binary and quantifiable". This is in contrast to the diagnosis of dementia, which according to the author, is based on his "subjective judgement" - something that is not "binary and quantifiable". Hence, we notice that the arrangement 4-5-3-1 forms a coherent paragraph. At the same time, Statement 2 is the odd-one-out: it talks about the early stages of mental disorders and the disagreement between clinicians concerning the same. We notice that the focus here varies and hence our decision to label statement 2 as being out of context.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 24

Directions : Rearrange the following sentences
A. A man who teaches political economy and sociology must read the most recent books on these themes both in Europe and America—nay, he must read the newspapers and study the markets, or he will be outstripped by his own pupils.
B. And yet, when the teacher of literature devotes a small portion of the time of his pupils to the contemplation of contemporary poets, novelists, and dramatists, he is not only blamed for doing so, but some teachers who are ignorant of the writers of their own day boast of their ignorance with true academic pride. 
C. A man who teaches drawing and painting should not only know the history of art, but its latest developments. 
D. A man who teaches physics and chemistry is supposed to be familiar not only with the history of his subject, but its latest manifestations; with the work of his contemporaries.  

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 24

Statement B must come in the end. Statement A, C and D are all examples of a certain desirable condition. All the three statements might come in any order, but B which is a conclusion derived on the basis of all the three must come at the end of the paragraph. Option B is the right choice.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 25

Employees of an MNC company were asked about their Food preferences. They had to select among Italian, Chinese, and Continental. Once the survey was done, the following things were observed

  1. Number of male employees liking none of the options is the same as the number of female employees liking all of the three options
  2. 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options
  3. The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65
  4. Total number of male employees is 7 times the number of male employees who like only Continental.
  5. 55 Women only like Italian. Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male .
  6. Number of male employees liking only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian
  7. 20% of the female employees did not like any of the 3 options which is double the number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 options.
  8. Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian. Number of male employees liking only continental  is 30.

 

Q. What is the number of male employees who do not like Italian ?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 25

Clearly, we need to bifurcate the employees into males and females to proceed. 

> The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65

>  55 Women only like Italian

> Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male. Thus 10 male and 15 female employees only like Chinese

> Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian = 55. Thus 25 are female and 30 are male


Let the total number of females be F. Then the number of females who do not like any of the 3 options = 0.2F.

Total number of Female = Females who like none + Females who like exactly one+ Female who like atleast 2

F = 0.2F + 15+25+55+65 or 0.8F = 160. Thus F = 200. Females who like none of the option = 0.2F = 40

Thus  number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 option = 20 which is also equal to number of females liking all 3 options.


> 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options. Thus number of males liking only Italian = 175-(10+30+15+25+55) = 40

> Total number of male employees = 7 times the number of males liking only continental = 210

> Number of male employees like only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian = 40


Number of male employees not liking Italian = 10+40+30+20 = 100

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 26

Employees of an MNC company were asked about their Food preferences. They had to select among Italian, Chinese, and Continental. Once the survey was done, the following things were observed

  1. Number of male employees liking none of the options is the same as the number of female employees liking all of the three options
  2. 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options
  3. The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65
  4. Total number of male employees is 7 times the number of male employees who like only Continental.
  5. 55 Women only like Italian. Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male .
  6. Number of male employees liking only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian
  7. 20% of the female employees did not like any of the 3 options which is double the number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 options.
  8. Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian. Number of male employees liking only continental  is 30.

 

Q. What can be the maximum number of employees who like Continental and Chinese foods but not Italian food?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 26

Clearly, we need to bifurcate the employees into males and females to proceed. 

> The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65

>  55 Women only like Italian

> Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male. Thus 10 male and 15 female employees only like Chinese

> Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian = 55. Thus 25 are female and 30 are male


Let the total number of females be F. Then the number of females who do not like any of the 3 options = 0.2F.

Total number of Female = Females who like none + Females who like exactly one+ Female who like atleast 2

F = 0.2F + 15+25+55+65 or 0.8F = 160. Thus F = 200. Females who like none of the option = 0.2F = 40

Thus  number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 option = 20 which is also equal to number of females liking all 3 options.


>175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options. Thus number of males liking only Italian = 175-(10+30+15+25+55) = 40

> Total number of male employees = 7 times the number of males liking only continental = 210

> Number of male employees like only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian = 40

We see only 40 men like Continental and Chinese.

For Women, 65 people like at least 2 options. Out of which 20 like all three. Therefore maximum possible of females liking only Continental and Chinese = 65-20=45

Maximum possible = 40+45 = 85

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 27

Employees of an MNC company were asked about their Food preferences. They had to select among Italian, Chinese, and Continental. Once the survey was done, the following things were observed

  1. Number of male employees liking none of the options is the same as the number of female employees liking all of the three options
  2. 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options
  3. The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65
  4. Total number of male employees is 7 times the number of male employees who like only Continental.
  5. 55 Women only like Italian. Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male .
  6. Number of male employees liking only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian
  7. 20% of the female employees did not like any of the 3 options which is double the number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 options.
  8. Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian. Number of male employees liking only continental  is 30.

 

Q. How many male employees like Italian?


CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 28

Employees of an MNC company were asked about their Food preferences. They had to select among Italian, Chinese, and Continental. Once the survey was done, the following things were observed

  1. Number of male employees liking none of the options is the same as the number of female employees liking all of the three options
  2. 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options
  3. The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65
  4. Total number of male employees is 7 times the number of male employees who like only Continental.
  5. 55 Women only like Italian. Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male .
  6. Number of male employees liking only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian
  7. 20% of the female employees did not like any of the 3 options which is double the number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 options.
  8. Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian. Number of male employees liking only continental  is 30.

 

Q. If 100 of the male employees like Chinese, what is the number of the male employees who like both continental and Italian but not Chinese

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 28

Clearly, we need to bifurcate the employees into males and females to proceed. 

> The number of women who like at least 2 out of 3 preferences are 65

>  55 Women only like Italian

> Overall 25 employees like only Chinese out of which 40% are male. Thus 10 male and 15 female employees only like Chinese

> Number of Employees liking only Continental is the same as the number of women liking only Italian = 55. Thus 25 are female and 30 are male


Let the total number of females be F. Then the number of females who do not like any of the 3 options = 0.2F.

Total number of Female = Females who like none + Females who like exactly one+ Female who like atleast 2

F = 0.2F + 15+25+55+65 or 0.8F = 160. Thus F = 200. Females who like none of the option = 0.2F = 40

Thus  number of male employees who did not like any of the 3 option = 20 which is also equal to number of females liking all 3 options.


> 175 of the employees like exactly one of the 3 options. Thus number of males liking only Italian = 175-(10+30+15+25+55) = 40

> Total number of male employees = 7 times the number of males liking only continental = 210

> Number of male employees like only Italian is same the number of male liking Chinese and Continental but not Italian = 40

Given that 100 male employees like Chinese. Number of male liking both  continental and Italian and not Chinese = 210-(100+30+40+20) = 20

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 29

Manisha is a kindergarten class teacher who planned a schedule for the incoming batch of students. The classes were supposed to be held from Monday to Friday. Each day has four slots named A, B, C, and D in that order. Slot A starts from 8:00, Slot B from 09:00, slot C from 10:00, and slot D from 11:00. The classes are English, Counting, Dancing, Painting, Singing and Physical Education.

There are 3 types of categories in which classes are distributed. The details of the category are as follows::

a) Compulsory: Classes which happen 4 days a week

b) Optional: Classes which happen 2 times a week

c) Necessary: Classes which happen once a week.

Each of the 3 categories has at least 1 of the 6 subjects in them.

Furthermore, the following things are known:

  1. No subject happened in the same slot or the same day twice. None of the subjects belonging to the Optional category happened on Friday.
  2. Every day exactly 1 slot had to be free. Slot A had classes on all days.
  3. Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. 
  4. Painting was taught on Wednesday's C slot. Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days.
  5. Counting was taught on Monday. The Singing class did not happen on Tuesday.
  6. There were 2 instances where the free period was in the same slot as the preceding day.
  7. Physical Education only happened in the A slot. Slot D of Monday was a free slot
  8. Week started with teaching English.  Dance was not taught on Thursday.
  9. On a particular day, Singing happened after a free slot
  10. On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day.

 

Q. Which of the following can not be a subject of the Optional Category?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 29

The slot is made for 5 days with 4 slots each. Thus the total number of fields to be filled = 5\times4 = 205×4=20
We know each day there is 1 free slot. Let a,ba,b and cc be the number of Compulsory, Optional, and Necessary subjects be there.

Then a+b+c = 6 ....(I)

Then 5+4a+2b+c = 20 or 4a+2b+c = 15....(II) It is clear that c has to be odd.

when c= 1, then b=3 and a = 2

when c= 3, then b=0 and a= 3 which is rejected as we know there is one subject of each category.

Thus Number of Compulsory classes = 2, Number of Optional classes = 3, and Number of Necessary subject = 1.

Let us start by filling in the known information.

> Painting was taught on Wednesday C slot

>Slot D of Monday was a free slot

> Week starts with teaching English


> Physical Education happens only on A slot. Thus we know that it is the subject in the Necessary Category. We know that none of the optional category classes was conducted on Friday. Thus only the Compulsory and Necessary category subject happened on Friday. Thus Physical Education happened on Friday A slot

>On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day. Thus Dance and English are the Compulsory category subjects

Thus Dance is not a subject of Optional Category.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 30

Manisha is a kindergarten class teacher who planned a schedule for the incoming batch of students. The classes were supposed to be held from Monday to Friday. Each day has four slots named A, B, C, and D in that order. Slot A starts from 8:00, Slot B from 09:00, slot C from 10:00, and slot D from 11:00. The classes are English, Counting, Dancing, Painting, Singing and Physical Education.

There are 3 types of categories in which classes are distributed. The details of the category are as follows::

a) Compulsory: Classes which happen 4 days a week

b) Optional: Classes which happen 2 times a week

c) Necessary: Classes which happen once a week.

Each of the 3 categories has at least 1 of the 6 subjects in them.

Furthermore, the following things are known:

  1. No subject happened in the same slot or the same day twice. None of the subjects belonging to the Optional category happened on Friday.
  2. Every day exactly 1 slot had to be free. Slot A had classes on all days.
  3. Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. 
  4. Painting was taught on Wednesday's C slot. Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days.
  5. Counting was taught on Monday. The Singing class did not happen on Tuesday.
  6. There were 2 instances where the free period was in the same slot as the preceding day.
  7. Physical Education only happened in the A slot. Slot D of Monday was a free slot
  8. Week started with teaching English.  Dance was not taught on Thursday.
  9. On a particular day, Singing happened after a free slot
  10. On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day.

 

Q. In how many ways can the time-table be drawn?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 30

The slot is made for 5 days with 4 slots each. Thus the total number of fields to be filled = 5\times4 = 205×4=20
We know each day there is 1 free slot. Let a,ba,b and cc be the number of Compulsory, Optional, and Necessary subjects be there.

Then a+b+c = 6 ....(I)

Then 5+4a+2b+c = 20 or 4a+2b+c = 15....(II) It is clear that c has to be odd.

when c= 1, then b=3 and a = 2

when c= 3, then b=0 and a= 3 which is rejected as we know there is one subject of each category.

Thus Number of Compulsory classes = 2, Number of Optional classes = 3, and Number of Necessary subject = 1.

Let us start by filling in the known information.

> Painting was taught on Wednesday C slot

>Slot D of Monday was a free slot

> Week starts with teaching English


> Physical Education happens only on A slot. Thus we know that it is the subject in the Necessary Category. We know that none of the optional category classes was conducted on Friday. Thus only the Compulsory and Necessary category subject happened on Friday. Thus Physical Education happened on Friday A slot

> On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day. Thus Dance and English are the Compulsory category subjects

> Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. Implies overall 2 free slots were there in B and C slot each.

> There were 2 instances that the free period was in the same slot as that of the preceding day.

From above we can say that Thursday and Friday had C as free slots and Tuesday and Wednesday had B as their free slot.

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

We are also given that Dance does not happen on Thursday, which implies it needs to happen on all 4 other days. For Monday it is possible only when it happens in C slot.

>On a particular day, singing happened after a free slot. It is only possible when Singing is taught on Thursday D slot

Since Counting was taught on Monday, it has to be in B slot.

Singing class did not happen on Tuesday, it implies that one of the two singing classes has to happen on Wednesday. The only possibility is A slot. This will imply that the Wednesday D slot is Dance and thus Tuesday A slot is Dance

Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days Thus counting has to be taught on Thursday. And Painting has to be taught on Tuesday

There is only 1 Possiblilty.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 31

Manisha is a kindergarten class teacher who planned a schedule for the incoming batch of students. The classes were supposed to be held from Monday to Friday. Each day has four slots named A, B, C, and D in that order. Slot A starts from 8:00, Slot B from 09:00, slot C from 10:00, and slot D from 11:00. The classes are English, Counting, Dancing, Painting, Singing and Physical Education.

There are 3 types of categories in which classes are distributed. The details of the category are as follows::

a) Compulsory: Classes which happen 4 days a week

b) Optional: Classes which happen 2 times a week

c) Necessary: Classes which happen once a week.

Each of the 3 categories has at least 1 of the 6 subjects in them.

Furthermore, the following things are known:

  1. No subject happened in the same slot or the same day twice. None of the subjects belonging to the Optional category happened on Friday.
  2. Every day exactly 1 slot had to be free. Slot A had classes on all days.
  3. Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. 
  4. Painting was taught on Wednesday's C slot. Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days.
  5. Counting was taught on Monday. The Singing class did not happen on Tuesday.
  6. There were 2 instances where the free period was in the same slot as the preceding day.
  7. Physical Education only happened in the A slot. Slot D of Monday was a free slot
  8. Week started with teaching English.  Dance was not taught on Thursday.
  9. On a particular day, Singing happened after a free slot
  10. On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day.

 

Q. How many days both English and Dance classes were held?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 31

The slot is made for 5 days with 4 slots each. Thus the total number of fields to be filled = 5\times4 = 205×4=20
We know each day there is 1 free slot. Let a,ba,b and cc be the number of Compulsory, Optional, and Necessary subjects be there.

Then a+b+c = 6 ....(I)

Then 5+4a+2b+c = 20 or 4a+2b+c = 15....(II) It is clear that c has to be odd.

when c= 1, then b=3 and a = 2

when c= 3, then b=0 and a= 3 which is rejected as we know there is one subject of each category.

Thus Number of Compulsory classes = 2, Number of Optional classes = 3, and Number of Necessary subject = 1.

Let us start by filling in the known information.

> Painting was taught on Wednesday C slot

>Slot D of Monday was a free slot

> Week starts with teaching English


> Physical Education happens only on A slot. Thus we know that it is the subject in the Necessary Category. We know that none of the optional category classes was conducted on Friday. Thus only the Compulsory and Necessary category subject happened on Friday. Thus Physical Education happened on Friday A slot

> On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day. Thus Dance and English are the Compulsory category subjects

> Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. Implies overall 2 free slots were there in B and C slot each.

> There were 2 instances that the free period was in the same slot as that of the preceding day.

From above we can say that Thursday and Friday had C as free slots and Tuesday and Wednesday had B as their free slot.

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

We are also given that Dance does not happen on Thursday, which implies it needs to happen on all 4 other days. For Monday it is possible only when it happens in C slot.

>On a particular day, singing happened after a free slot. It is only possible when Singing is taught on Thursday D slot

Since Counting was taught on Monday, it has to be in B slot.

Singing class did not happen on Tuesday, it implies that one of the two singing classes has to happen on Wednesday. The only possibility is A slot. This will imply that the Wednesday D slot is Dance and thus Tuesday A slot is Dance

Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days Thus counting has to be taught on Thursday. And Painting has to be taught on Tuesday

English and Dance classes were held on Monday, Tuesday and Friday.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 32

Manisha is a kindergarten class teacher who planned a schedule for the incoming batch of students. The classes were supposed to be held from Monday to Friday. Each day has four slots named A, B, C, and D in that order. Slot A starts from 8:00, Slot B from 09:00, slot C from 10:00, and slot D from 11:00. The classes are English, Counting, Dancing, Painting, Singing and Physical Education.

There are 3 types of categories in which classes are distributed. The details of the category are as follows::

a) Compulsory: Classes which happen 4 days a week

b) Optional: Classes which happen 2 times a week

c) Necessary: Classes which happen once a week.

Each of the 3 categories has at least 1 of the 6 subjects in them.

Furthermore, the following things are known:

  1. No subject happened in the same slot or the same day twice. None of the subjects belonging to the Optional category happened on Friday.
  2. Every day exactly 1 slot had to be free. Slot A had classes on all days.
  3. Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. 
  4. Painting was taught on Wednesday's C slot. Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days.
  5. Counting was taught on Monday. The Singing class did not happen on Tuesday.
  6. There were 2 instances where the free period was in the same slot as the preceding day.
  7. Physical Education only happened in the A slot. Slot D of Monday was a free slot
  8. Week started with teaching English.  Dance was not taught on Thursday.
  9. On a particular day, Singing happened after a free slot
  10. On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day.

 

Q. Which of the following subject was not conducted in D slot?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 32

The slot is made for 5 days with 4 slots each. Thus the total number of fields to be filled = 5\times4 = 205×4=20
We know each day there is 1 free slot. Let a,ba,b and cc be the number of Compulsory, Optional, and Necessary subjects be there.

Then a+b+c = 6 ....(I)

Then 5+4a+2b+c = 20 or 4a+2b+c = 15....(II) It is clear that c has to be odd.

when c= 1, then b=3 and a = 2

when c= 3, then b=0 and a= 3 which is rejected as we know there is one subject of each category.

Thus Number of Compulsory classes = 2, Number of Optional classes = 3, and Number of Necessary subject = 1.

Let us start by filling in the known information.

> Painting was taught on Wednesday C slot

>Slot D of Monday was a free slot

> Week starts with teaching English


> Physical Education happens only on A slot. Thus we know that it is the subject in the Necessary Category. We know that none of the optional category classes was conducted on Friday. Thus only the Compulsory and Necessary category subject happened on Friday. Thus Physical Education happened on Friday A slot

> On one particular day, Physical Education, Dance, and English were taught in that order. Slot C was a free slot that day. Thus Dance and English are the Compulsory category subjects

> Overall 3 classes each happened in the B and C slots throughout the week. Implies overall 2 free slots were there in B and C slot each.

> There were 2 instances that the free period was in the same slot as that of the preceding day.

From above we can say that Thursday and Friday had C as free slots and Tuesday and Wednesday had B as their free slot.

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

Since English is a Compulsory category. 4 classes have to happen. All in different slots. From the above table, the only possibility is when Thursday B and Tuesday C are English

We are also given that Dance does not happen on Thursday, which implies it needs to happen on all 4 other days. For Monday it is possible only when it happens in C slot.

>On a particular day, singing happened after a free slot. It is only possible when Singing is taught on Thursday D slot

Since Counting was taught on Monday, it has to be in B slot.

Singing class did not happen on Tuesday, it implies that one of the two singing classes has to happen on Wednesday. The only possibility is A slot. This will imply that the Wednesday D slot is Dance and thus Tuesday A slot is Dance

Exactly one of the optional subjects was not taught on consecutive days Thus counting has to be taught on Thursday. And Painting has to be taught on Tuesday

We can see that Counting was not taught in the D slot.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 33

A group of 8 friends is supposed to sit around a square table with 2 chairs on each side of the table. The name of the 8 friends is P, Q, R, S T, U, V, and W. Each one of them was either a Doctor, Designer, Dancer, Drummer or Dermatologist.

Each of them ordered a unique food item among Burger, Pizza, Patties, Samosa, Pastry, Vadapav, Dosa, and Chaat. The following things are known about their sitting arrangement

  1. P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer
  2. None of the Designers had Dancer as their neighbour. The designers had either Samosa or Dosa.
  3. Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.
  4. One side of the table had a Dermatologist and a Designer.
  5. A Drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table
  6. U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer. 3 places right of V is not a Doctor
  7. U is the only  Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a Burger.
  8. T had a Dosa. S who is not a Doctor had Pastry and sat straight opposite of R who had Vadapav.

 

Q. How many possible arrangements can be made with the above information?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 33

We are given that A drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table. This helps us determine a set of people on the side uniquely. It can be interpreted as 


> U is the only Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a burger

> U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer.


> P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer. Thus Doctor can be 2 places left or right of U. But 2 places left of U is also the same as 3 places right of V. Which is given that it is not a Doctor. Thus only one possibility exists which can be represented as :


> Dermatologist and Designer sat on the same side of the table 

> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.


> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs. Thus the person sitting on the same side as U cannot be a Dancer or Designer or Drummer or Doctor. He has to be a Doctor

> T had a Dosa. and  the designer can have either Samosa or Dosa. Thus V had Samosa. And T is a Designer

> S who is not a doctor had a pastry and sat straight opposite of R who has Vadapav. Thus the only possibility exists when S is a Dermatologist and R is the Doctor. 

It leaves the other doctor with Chaat


We do not know the position of Q and W.

It can be done in 2 ways.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 34

A group of 8 friends is supposed to sit around a square table with 2 chairs on each side of the table. The name of the 8 friends is P, Q, R, S T, U, V, and W. Each one of them was either a Doctor, Designer, Dancer, Drummer or Dermatologist.

Each of them ordered a unique food item among Burger, Pizza, Patties, Samosa, Pastry, Vadapav, Dosa, and Chaat. The following things are known about their sitting arrangement

  1. P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer
  2. None of the Designers had Dancer as their neighbour. The designers had either Samosa or Dosa.
  3. Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.
  4. One side of the table had a Dermatologist and a Designer.
  5. A Drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table
  6. U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer. 3 places right of V is not a Doctor
  7. U is the only  Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a Burger.
  8. T had a Dosa. S who is not a Doctor had Pastry and sat straight opposite of R who had Vadapav.

 

Q. If it is given that Q had a Chaat, Which of the following can be a Drummer?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 34

We are given that A drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table. This helps us determine a set of people on the side uniquely. It can be interpreted as 


> U is the only Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a burger

> U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer.


> P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer. Thus Doctor can be 2 places left or right of U. But 2 places left of U is also the same as 3 places right of V. Which is given that it is not a Doctor. Thus only one possibility exists which can be represented as :


> Dermatologist and Designer sat on the same side of the table 

> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.


> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs. Thus the person sitting on the same side as U cannot be a Dancer or Designer or Drummer or Doctor. He has to be a Doctor

> T had a Dosa. and  the designer can have either Samosa or Dosa. Thus V had Samosa. And T is a Designer

> S who is not a doctor had a pastry and sat straight opposite of R who has Vadapav. Thus the only possibility exists when S is a Dermatologist and R is the Doctor. 

It leaves the other doctor with Chaat

If Q had Chaat then W can be drummer. Also, it is already established that P is a drummer.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 35

A group of 8 friends is supposed to sit around a square table with 2 chairs on each side of the table. The name of the 8 friends is P, Q, R, S T, U, V, and W. Each one of them was either a Doctor, Designer, Dancer, Drummer or Dermatologist.

Each of them ordered a unique food item among Burger, Pizza, Patties, Samosa, Pastry, Vadapav, Dosa, and Chaat. The following things are known about their sitting arrangement

  1. P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer
  2. None of the Designers had Dancer as their neighbour. The designers had either Samosa or Dosa.
  3. Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.
  4. One side of the table had a Dermatologist and a Designer.
  5. A Drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table
  6. U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer. 3 places right of V is not a Doctor
  7. U is the only  Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a Burger.
  8. T had a Dosa. S who is not a Doctor had Pastry and sat straight opposite of R who had Vadapav.

 

Q. What among the following can be the job of S?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 35

We are given that A drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table. This helps us determine a set of people on the side uniquely. It can be interpreted as 


> U is the only Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a burger

> U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer.


> P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer. Thus Doctor can be 2 places left or right of U. But 2 places left of U is also the same as 3 places right of V. Which is given that it is not a Doctor. Thus only one possibility exists which can be represented as :


> Dermatologist and Designer sat on the same side of the table 

> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.


> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs. Thus the person sitting on the same side as U cannot be a Dancer or Designer or Drummer or Doctor. He has to be a Doctor

> T had a Dosa. and  the designer can have either Samosa or Dosa. Thus V had Samosa. And T is a Designer

> S who is not a doctor had a pastry and sat straight opposite of R who has Vadapav. Thus the only possibility exists when S is a Dermatologist and R is the Doctor. 

It leaves the other doctor with Chaat

S is a Dermatologist.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 36

A group of 8 friends is supposed to sit around a square table with 2 chairs on each side of the table. The name of the 8 friends is P, Q, R, S T, U, V, and W. Each one of them was either a Doctor, Designer, Dancer, Drummer or Dermatologist.

Each of them ordered a unique food item among Burger, Pizza, Patties, Samosa, Pastry, Vadapav, Dosa, and Chaat. The following things are known about their sitting arrangement

  1. P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer
  2. None of the Designers had Dancer as their neighbour. The designers had either Samosa or Dosa.
  3. Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.
  4. One side of the table had a Dermatologist and a Designer.
  5. A Drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table
  6. U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer. 3 places right of V is not a Doctor
  7. U is the only  Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a Burger.
  8. T had a Dosa. S who is not a Doctor had Pastry and sat straight opposite of R who had Vadapav.

 

Q. What can be the profession of the person who had Chaat?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 36

We are given that A drummer who ordered Patties is sitting right of V. Both of them are on the same side of the table. This helps us determine a set of people on the side uniquely. It can be interpreted as 


> U is the only Dancer among the friends and he sat straight opposite to Designer named V. Also U had a burger

> U is sitting in one place left of a Drummer.


> P who ordered a Pizza sat next to a Doctor and a Dancer. Thus Doctor can be 2 places left or right of U. But 2 places left of U is also the same as 3 places right of V. Which is given that it is not a Doctor. Thus only one possibility exists which can be represented as :


> Dermatologist and Designer sat on the same side of the table 

> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs.


> Any of the three consecutive people have different jobs. Thus the person sitting on the same side as U cannot be a Dancer or Designer or Drummer or Doctor. He has to be a Doctor

> T had a Dosa. and  the designer can have either Samosa or Dosa. Thus V had Samosa. And T is a Designer

> S who is not a doctor had a pastry and sat straight opposite of R who has Vadapav. Thus the only possibility exists when S is a Dermatologist and R is the Doctor. 

It leaves the other doctor with Chaat

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 37

Two players are playing a game called 'Pick an alpha'. In this game, there are 2 variables, the first one is 'a', the starting alphabet, and the second one 'n' the maximum range of alphabets starting from 'a'. The game proceeds as follows. One of the players picks an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from 'a',  say 'm', now the second player has to pick an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from the alphabet just after 'm', and in a similar way, it continues till one player picks the alphabet Z. The player to choose Z loses the game. If at any point during the game, less than n alphabets remain, the player has to choose from these remaining alphabets. Both the players pick alphabets that maximise their chance to win. 

Suppose, the value of 'a' is G and the value of n is 3. So, the first player has to pick an alphabet among G, H, I. Suppose he picks I. Then the second player has to pick among J, K and L. It continues in a similar fashion.

Based on the information given above, answer the questions that follow.

 

Q. If a = A and n = 5, what should the player starting the game choose initially so that he will definitely win the game?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 37

Let us think of it this way. The alphabets from A to Z can be thought of as numbers from 1 to 26 from which the two players pick.

If the player starting the game wants to win, he has to make sure that the other one is left with only one number, i.e the last number 26, in his last chance, which he has to pick necessarily.

Now let us consider a consecutive pair of chances. Whichever number a player picks from the n different choices, the second player can always pick a number such that to adjust it and make a sum of n + 1.

So, suppose, n = 6. If the first player chooses 3, the second player can choose 4 to make the sum 7.

So, 


The sum of all numbers should be the total number of characters, that is the alphabet representing 'a' to the alphabet 'Z'. In this case, 

26 - ( 3 x 7 + 1) = 4, i.e D.

In this question,

If a = A, this means a = 1.

n = 5.

n + 1 = 6

Total number of alphabets = 26

So, he should choose, 

26 - ( 6 x 4 + 1) = 26 - 25 = 1

Hence, A.

Alternate explanation:

Let the player who starts be P1 and the other be P2. We have to figure out which starting positions are definite losing positions.

Z is a losing position. If only Z is left, you have to pick Z and lose.

Y is a winning position as you will pick Y leaving opponent with Z which is a losing position. 

Any starting position from U to Y, you pick Y ensuring opponent loses.

Hence U-Y -> winning positions.

T is a losing position as no matter what you pick, opponent's starting position will fall in U-Y which are winning positions.

Similarly, O-S are winning positions as you should always choose S, putting opponent on T.

So we see the pattern that Z, T, N, H, B are losing positions. The corresponding numbers are 26, 20, 14, 8, 2. 

As B is definitely losing position, the first player should choose A to put the opponent on B.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 38

Two players are playing a game called 'Pick an alpha'. In this game, there are 2 variables, the first one is 'a', the starting alphabet, and the second one 'n' the maximum range of alphabets starting from 'a'. The game proceeds as follows. One of the players picks an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from 'a',  say 'm', now the second player has to pick an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from the alphabet just after 'm', and in a similar way, it continues till one player picks the alphabet Z. The player to choose Z loses the game. If at any point during the game, less than n alphabets remain, the player has to choose from these remaining alphabets. Both the players pick alphabets that maximise their chance to win. 

Suppose, the value of 'a' is G and the value of n is 3. So, the first player has to pick an alphabet among G, H, I. Suppose he picks I. Then the second player has to pick among J, K and L. It continues in a similar fashion.

Based on the information given above, answer the questions that follow.

 

Q. If the game is being played between Simon and Billy, and Simon gets the first chance, what should he pick in the first chance so that he wins the game definitely? a = D, n = 8.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 38

Let us think of it this way. The alphabets from A to Z can be thought of as numbers from 1 to 26 from which the two players pick.

If the player starting the game wants to win, he has to make sure that the other one is left with only one number, i.e the last number 26, in his last chance, which he has to pick necessarily.

Now let us consider a consecutive pair of chances. Whichever number a player picks from the n different choices, the second player can always pick a number such that to adjust it and make a sum of n + 1.

So, suppose, n = 6. If the first player chooses 3, the second player can choose 4 to make the sum 7.

So, 


The sum of all numbers should be the total number of characters, that is the alphabet representing 'a' to the alphabet 'Z'. In this case, 

26 - ( 3 x 7 + 1) = 4, i.e D.

In this question,

If a = D, this means a = 4.

n = 8.

n + 1 = 9

Total number of alphabets = 26 - 4 + 1 = 23

So, he should choose,

23 - ( 9 x 2 + 1) = 23 - 19 = 4

Hence, D + 4 - 1 = G.

Alternate explanation:

We have to figure out which starting positions are definite losing positions.

Z is a losing position. If only Z is left, you have to pick Z and lose.

Y is a winning position as you will pick Y leaving the opponent with Z which is a losing position.

Any starting position from R to Y, you pick Y ensuring the opponent loses.

Hence R-Y -> winning positions.

Q is a losing position as no matter what you pick, the opponent's starting position will fall in R-Y which are winning positions.

Similarly, I-P are winning positions as you should always choose P, putting the opponent on Q.

So we see the pattern that Z, Q, H are losing positions. The corresponding numbers are 26, 17, 8.

As H is definitely losing position, the first player should choose G to put the opponent on H. 

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 39

Two players are playing a game called 'Pick an alpha'. In this game, there are 2 variables, the first one is 'a', the starting alphabet, and the second one 'n' the maximum range of alphabets starting from 'a'. The game proceeds as follows. One of the players picks an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from 'a',  say 'm', now the second player has to pick an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from the alphabet just after 'm', and in a similar way, it continues till one player picks the alphabet Z. The player to choose Z loses the game. If at any point during the game, less than n alphabets remain, the player has to choose from these remaining alphabets. Both the players pick alphabets that maximise their chance to win. 

Suppose, the value of 'a' is G and the value of n is 3. So, the first player has to pick an alphabet among G, H, I. Suppose he picks I. Then the second player has to pick among J, K and L. It continues in a similar fashion.

Based on the information given above, answer the questions that follow.

 

Q. If the game is played between Sheldon and Howard and Sheldon gets to start the game, in which of the following games does Sheldon not get to win, no matter which alphabet he picks in the first chance?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 39

Let us think of it this way. The alphabets from A to Z can be thought of as numbers from 1 to 26 from which the two players pick.

If the player starting the game wants to win, he has to make sure that the other one is left with only one number, i.e the last number 26, in his last chance, which he has to pick necessarily.

Now let us consider a consecutive pair of chances. Whichever number a player picks from the n different choices, the second player can always pick a number such that to adjust it and make a sum of n + 1.

So, suppose, n = 6. If the first player chooses 3, the second player can choose 4 to make the sum 7.

So, 


The sum of all numbers should be the total number of characters, that is the alphabet representing 'a' to the alphabet 'Z'. In this case, 

26 - ( 3 x 7 + 1) = 4, i.e D.

In this question, 

It has been asked when can the player starting the game never win.

Suppose the number of characters is x.

If the player starting the game has to lose, he has to be left with no other choice but Z in his last chance.

Hence, m( n + 1 ) + 1 = x

where m is a natural number.

Option 1: x = 22, n = 6, n + 1 = 7 -> 7 x 3 + 1 = 22, hence this satisfies the equation m( n + 1 ) + 1 = x

Option 2: x = 26, n = 3, n + 1 = 4 -> 4 x 6 + 2 = 26, this does not satisfy the equation m( n + 1 ) + 1 = x

Option 3: x = 26, n = 7, n + 1 = 8 -> 8 x 3 + 2 = 26, this does not satisfy the equation m( n + 1 ) + 1 = x

Option 4: x = 24, n = 5, n + 1 = 6 -> 6 x 3 + 6  = 24, this does not satisfy the equation m( n + 1 ) + 1 = x

Hence, Option 1.

Alternate Solution:

We have to figure out which starting positions are definite losing positions.

Z is a losing position. If only Z is left, you have to pick Z and lose.

Y is a winning position as you will pick Y leaving the opponent with Z which is a losing position. 

If n=6, any starting position from T to Y, you pick Y ensuring the opponent loses.

Hence T-Y -> winning positions.

S is a losing position as no matter what you pick, the opponent's starting position will fall in T-Y which are winning positions.

Similarly, M-R are winning positions as you should always choose R, putting the opponent on S.

So we see the pattern that Z, S, L, E are losing positions. The corresponding numbers are 26, 19, 12, 5.

As E is definitely losing position for n=6, Sheldon should choose E to definitely lose the game.

Hence, Option(A) is right.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 40

Two players are playing a game called 'Pick an alpha'. In this game, there are 2 variables, the first one is 'a', the starting alphabet, and the second one 'n' the maximum range of alphabets starting from 'a'. The game proceeds as follows. One of the players picks an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from 'a',  say 'm', now the second player has to pick an alphabet from the first n alphabets starting from the alphabet just after 'm', and in a similar way, it continues till one player picks the alphabet Z. The player to choose Z loses the game. If at any point during the game, less than n alphabets remain, the player has to choose from these remaining alphabets. Both the players pick alphabets that maximise their chance to win. 

Suppose, the value of 'a' is G and the value of n is 3. So, the first player has to pick an alphabet among G, H, I. Suppose he picks I. Then the second player has to pick among J, K and L. It continues in a similar fashion.

Based on the information given above, answer the questions that follow.

 

Q. Suppose the rules of the game are changed such that the one who picks Z wins. What should the player who is starting the game pick in his first chance so that he definitely wins? a = A, n = 4.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 40

Let us think of it this way. The alphabets from A to Z can be thought of as numbers from 1 to 26 from which the two players pick.

If the player starting the game wants to win, he has to make sure that the other one is left with only one number, i.e the last number 26, in his last chance, which he has to pick necessarily.

Now let us consider a consecutive pair of chances. Whichever number a player picks from the n different choices, the second player can always pick a number such that to adjust it and make a sum of n + 1.

So, suppose, n = 6. If the first player chooses 3, the second player can choose 4 to make the sum 7.

So, 


The sum of all numbers should be the total number of characters, that is the alphabet representing 'a' to the alphabet 'Z'. In this case, 

26 - ( 3 x 7 + 1) = 4, i.e D.

In this question,

If a = A, this means a = 1.

n = 4

n + 1 = 5

Total number of alphabets = 26

So, he should choose,

26 - ( 5 x 5 ) = 26 - 25 = 1

Hence, A.

Alternate Solution:

Let the player who starts be P1 and the other be P2. We have to figure out which starting positions are definite losing positions.

Z is a winning position.

Any starting position from W to Z, you pick Z ensuring that you win.

V is a losing position because the opponent will fall in the winning position W-Z.

R-U are winning positions because the opponent has to choose V which is a losing position.

So we see the pattern that V, Q, L, G, B are losing positions. The corresponding numbers are 22, 17, 12, 7, 2.

As B is definitely losing position, the first player should choose A to put the opponent on B.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 41

An autobiographical numbers are special types of numbers whose structure describes itself. Each of the autobiographical number's digit indicates how many times the digit corresponding to that position occurs within the number. The first digit from the left indicates the quantity of zeroes in the number. The second digit indicates the number of 1s, the third digit indicates the number of 2s and so on until the end. 1210 is one such 4 digit autobiographical number and 3211000 is another 7 digit autobiographical number.

It so happens that there is only one 10 digit auto-biographical number such that-

1. The number has 10 digits.

2. The first digit from the left indicates the number of zeroes in the number.

3. For position 'n' from the beginning, the digit represents the number of times the number 'n-1' occurs in the number. 

 

Q. How many different digits are used in the 10 digit number?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 41

We first observe some patterns from the given autobiographical numbers- 1210 and 3211000. 

The sum of digits of 1210= 1+2+1+0= 4 and sum of digits of 3211000= 3+2+1+1=7. So, it turns out that the sum of digits of the number= number of digits in the autobiographical number, which makes sense because the digits represent how many times a particular digit occurred within the number. 

So, therefore for the 10 digit number, the number of times different digits occur will be 10 and hence the sum of digits will be 10.

Let us say that the 10 digit number is ABCDEFGHIJ. 

So, A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I+J= 10, where A= number of zeroes, B= number of ones and so on.   .....(1)

From equation (1), it is clear that the number cannot have too many large digits.

We cannot have 9+1+0+0+0+0... because 9 and 1 are two digits and the remaining digits i.e. 8 digits can at max be zeroes thereby contradicting the first digit to be 9.

If we make the first digit 8, we will need 8 zeroes in the number and 2 non-zero numbers out of which 8 is already one such number. So, the other number has to be 2, but this will again contradict because it will mean a certain digit to occur twice and therefore only 7 zeroes can be accommodated. 

If we use the first digit as 7, we will need 7 zeroes and 3 non-zero digits out of which 7 is one such digit. So, ABCDEFGHIJ= 7BCDEFG1IJ.

Since A uses 7 and so 7 occurs once, H=1 because it represents the number of times 7 was used. Out of the remaining 8 digit, one will have to be 2, but that would mean a particular digit to be used twice and hence we will be left with only 6 zeroes. This too contradicts the use of A=7.

When A=6, ABCDEFGHIJ= 6BCDEF1HIJ. We have already used 2 non zero digits and there are 6 zeroes and so we have 4 non-zero digits in total. 6+1+X+Y=10 (where X and Y are the other non-zero digits).

X+Y=3. So, either X and Y can be either 1 and 2 or 2 and 1 respectively. 

Therefore the sum of digits will look like 6+1+1+2= 10. Clearly there are 2 ones and 1 two.

Hence, ABCDEFGHIJ= 6210001000, which is our only 10 digit autobiographical number.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 42

An autobiographical numbers are special types of numbers whose structure describes itself. Each of the autobiographical number's digit indicates how many times the digit corresponding to that position occurs within the number. The first digit from the left indicates the quantity of zeroes in the number. The second digit indicates the number of 1s, the third digit indicates the number of 2s and so on until the end. 1210 is one such 4 digit autobiographical number and 3211000 is another 7 digit autobiographical number.

It so happens that there is only one 10 digit auto-biographical number such that-

1. The number has 10 digits.

2. The first digit from the left indicates the number of zeroes in the number.

3. For position 'n' from the beginning, the digit represents the number of times the number 'n-1' occurs in the number. 

 

Q. How many times was the digit 0 repeated in the number?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 42

We first observe some patterns from the given autobiographical numbers- 1210 and 3211000.

The sum of digits of 1210= 1+2+1+0= 4 and sum of digits of 3211000= 3+2+1+1=7. So, it turns out that the sum of digits of the number= number of digits in the autobiographical number, which makes sense because the digits represent how many times a particular digit occurred within the number.

So, therefore for the 10 digit number, the number of times different digits occur will be 10 and hence the sum of digits will be 10.

Let us say that the 10 digit number is ABCDEFGHIJ.

So, A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I+J= 10, where A= number of zeroes, B= number of ones and so on. .....(1)

From equation (1), it is clear that the number cannot have too many large digits.

We cannot have 9+1+0+0+0+0... because 9 and 1 are two digits and the remaining digits i.e. 8 digits can at max be zeroes thereby contradicting the first digit to be 9.

If we make the first digit 8, we will need 8 zeroes in the number and 2 non-zero numbers out of which 8 is already one such number. So, the other number has to be 2, but this will again contradict because it will mean a certain digit to occur twice and therefore only 7 zeroes can be accommodated.

If we use the first digit as 7, we will need 7 zeroes and 3 non-zero digits out of which 7 is one such digit. So, ABCDEFGHIJ= 7BCDEFG1IJ.

Since A uses 7 and so 7 occurs once, H=1 because it represents the number of times 7 was used. Out of the remaining 8 digit, one will have to be 2, but that would mean a particular digit to be used twice and hence we will be left with only 6 zeroes. This too contradicts the use of A=7.

When A=6, ABCDEFGHIJ= 6BCDEF1HIJ. We have already used 2 non zero digits and there are 6 zeroes and so we have 4 non-zero digits in total. 6+1+X+Y=10 (where X and Y are the other non-zero digits).

X+Y=3. So, either X and Y can be either 1 and 2 or 2 and 1 respectively.

Therefore the sum of digits will look like 6+1+1+2= 10. Clearly there are 2 ones and 1 two.

Hence, ABCDEFGHIJ= 6210001000, which is our only 10 digit autobiographical number.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 43

WXCD, UVEF, STGH, QRIJ, ?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 43

Start reading from CD, EF, GH, IJ, KL and then QR, ST, UV, WX, YZ and so on after splitting the groups.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 44

Which year has the same calendar as 1700 ? 

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 44

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 45

Average of 20 distinct natural number are 19.25. 10 more natural numbers are added such that each of the newly added number is greater than 19 and the average increases to 20.1. What is the maximum possible value of the number which is added to the original set?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 45

Average of 20 distinct natural numbers = 19.25

Sum of those 20 numbers = 19.25 × 20 = 385 ....(I)

When 10 more numbers were added, the average becomes 20.1

Sum of all the 30 numbers = 20.1 × 30 = 603 ...(II)

Sum of the 10 numbers added = (II) -(I) = 218

All of these numbers are greater than 19. Thus the number to me maximum, 9 of them has to be 20 and tenth number will be the maximum

9 × 20 + n = 218

180 + n = 218 or n = 38

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 46

Solution A and solution B are 2 solutions of orange such that the concentration of orange juice is 64% in solution A and the concentration of water is 20% in solution B. Solution A and B are mixed in a ratio x:y such they form a 20 liter solution which has 6 litres of water. What is the value of 3x+2y if it is known that x and y are co-prime?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 46

The concentration of orange juice in solution A = 64%

The concentration of orange juice in solution B = 100-20 = 80%

The resultant solution obtained by mixing is of volume 20L out of which 6 L is water.

Quantity of orange juice = 20L - 6L =14L

Concentration of orange = 14/20 ​× 100% = 70%

As per question 0.64x + 0.8y = 0.7(x+y)

0.1y = 0.06x

x​/y = 0.1​/0.06 = 35​

x = 5 and y = 3

3x + 2y = 3(5) + 2(3) = 15 + 6 = 21

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 47

Ram bought 3 types of wheat flour which are type A, type B and type C. The cost of type A flour is Rs 38/kg. The cost of type B is flour is Rs 45/kg and the cost of type C flour is Rs 50/kg. He mixes flour of each type in such a way that he gets a profit of 14 2/7 % when he sells it for  Rs 48/kg. If a sample of the mixture is taken such that amount of type B is 12 kgs and the amount of the other two types of flour are also positive integers, then which of the following can not be the weight of the sample?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 47

Profit of 14 2/7 ​% is received when the mixture is sold at Rs 48/ kg. Let the cost price of the mixture be CP

Then, (1+14 2/7 ​%) CP =48

(8/7) CP = 48

CP = Rs 42/kg

Since Rs 38 < Rs 42 < Rs 45.

We have to take 2 mixtures, 1 of type A+ type B and another one of type A + type C as per the allegations.

Mixture 1: type A and type B

Let the ratio be a:b, then

38a + 45b = 42 (a+b)

3b = 4a or a:b = 3:4....(I)

Mixture 2: type A and type C

Let the ratio be a1​ : c, then

38a1​ + 50c = 42(a+c)

8c = 4a1​ or a1​ : c = 2:1 ....(II)

If mixture 1 and mixture 2 are mixed in ratio x:y then

a:b:c = 3x + 2y : 4x: y

4x=12 thus x=3

Weight of overall mixture = 3x+2y+4x+y = 21+ + 3y

When y = 1, the weight of mixture = 24 kg

when y = 2, the weight of mixure = 27kgs

when y = 3, the weight of mixture = 30 kgs

When y = 4, the wight of mixture = 33kgs

Option A is not possible.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 48

The following graph depicts function f(x) in the domain of x ∈ [−2,2]

To describe the value of f(x) for integers, a blue filled circle is given. For example, f(0) = 0, f(1) = 1.

Which of the following represents f(x)?

Here [x] : Greatest integer function. It is defined as the greatest integer less than or equal to x

         {x} : Fractional part function. It is defined as x - [x]

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 48

Graph of [x] is


Graph of {x} is


When we subtract the second graph from the first, we can see that the graph we get is the same as mentioned in the question.

Hence, [x] - {x} , Option A.

Alternate method:

To find the answer, we can also insert values in the functions mentioned.

For the graph given in the question, the value of the function at x=1.5 is 0.5. We can find this by looking at the  x and y coordinates of a point in the graph.

Checking the options, we get 

A: [x]=1 ; {x}=0.5
     1-0.5=0.5: Equal to the one in the given graph.

B: 1+0.5=1.5: hence eliminated

C:1.5-0.5=1: hence eliminated.

D:1.5+0.5=2: hence eliminated

Hence, [x] - {x} , Option A.

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 49

Find the number of integral values of x that satisfy

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 49

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

We have to find out the boundary points for each modulus and adjust the + or - sign after removing the modulus.

For the left expression,  x2 + 3x  - 1y = x, the roots are 
√13 ≈ 3.6
So, the approx roots are -3.3 and +0.3.

For the right side of the expression, the boundary point is 0

Let us denote the same in the number line.


For R1,

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

x2 + 3x - 1 < 2x + 5

x2+ x - 6 < 0

(x-2) (x +3) < 0

x ∈ (-3,2)

Overlapping region is 

For R2,

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x2 - 3x + 1 < 2x + 5

-x2 - 5x - 4 < 0

x2 + 5x + 4 > 0

(x + 1) (x + 4) > 0

x ∈ R −(−4,−1)

Overlapping region is

For R3,

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x2 - 3x + 1 < - 2x + 5

- x2 - x - 4 < 0

- x2 + x + 4 > 0
This is possible for all values of x. Therefore the overlapping region is

For R4,

|x2 + 3x - 1| < 2|x| + 5

-x2 - 3x + 1 < - 2x + 5

x2 + 5x - 6 < 0

(x + 6) (x -1) < 0

x ∈ (−6, 1)

Hence, the overall overlapping region is

Integral values are {-5, -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1}

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 50

How many triangles with integer sides and a semi-perimeter value of 9.5 units are possible?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 50

Perimeter = 9.5 x 2 = 19

Let the 3 sides be a, b, c.

a < b + c

a + a < a + b + c

2a < a+b+c

a < 19/2

a < 9.5

a, b, c <= 9

Let a = 9 - x, b = 9 - y, c = 9 - z

9 - x + 9 - y + 9 - z = 19

27 - x - y - z = 19

x + y + z = 8.

Number of solutions =

But this count has all repetitions included. We need to find only distinct groups, without considering the arrangement as important.

Scalene triangles have all different sides, so they arrange in 3!= 6 ways.

Isosceles triangles have 2 same and 1 different side, so they arrange in 3 ways.

Since the perimeter is 19, equilateral triangles are not possible.

So,

6S + 3I = 45

Calculating the number of isosceles triangles, we get (9,9,1), (8,8,3), (7,7,5), (6,6,7), (5,5,9).

Hence, I = 5.

6S = 30

S = 5

Hence, total number of triangles = 5 + 5 + 0 = 10.

Alternate solution:

Number of triangles with a given perimeter p is

<10.0833> = 10.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 51

The following figure depicts 2 circles C1​ and C2​ which touch at C. AC is the diameter of C1​ and BC is the diameter of C2​. A tangent is drawn from A to a point D on C2​, such that AD = 12 metres. Also, the radii of the circles(in metres)  are integer values and the difference between their radii is at least 4 metres. 

2 athletes A and B start running from C along the circumferences of C_1C1​ and C_2C2​ such that both reach C for the first time simultaneously. Find the ratio of speeds of A and B.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 51

Let the radius of the larger circle be R and the radius of the smaller circle be r.


Hence, applying the tangent-chord theorem, we get,

2R x 2(R-r) = 144

R ( R - r ) = 36

Possibilities are 

1 x 36, R = 36, r = 35

2 x 18, R = 18, r = 16

3 x 12, R = 12, r = 9

4 x 9, R = 9, r = 5

6 x 6, R = 6, r = 0, not possible since the second circle can not be a point circle.

Difference in their radii > = 4, hence only possible case is R = 9 and r = 5.

Now, if they want to cover the circumference such that they take equal time to cover the circumference, ratio of speeds = ratio of circumferences = 9:5

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 52

2 positive numbers x and y are such that  p. If N is the  maximum possible integral value of pp such that this inequality holds for all the values of xx and yy. How many factors does N2 has?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 52

Let us multiply the 2 terms,

We get

Upon simplifying we get 

Upon applying AM-GM inequality on xy+ 56/xy

Maximum possible integral value of p = 29 = N

N2 = 292. Thus N2 will have 2+1 = 3 factors

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 53

If log 70 = p, log 30 = q, log 105 = r, find the value of log 28/27.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 53

log 70 = p

log 2 + log 5 + log 7 = p ...(i)

log 30 = q

log 2 + log 3 + log 5 = q ...(ii)

log 105 = r

log 3 + log 5 + log 7 = r ...(iii)

We need to find

log 27/28 = log 28 - log 27 = 2log2 + log7 - 3log3

If we multiply (i) by a, (ii) by b, (iii) by c to get the value,

a + b = 2

b + c = -3

a + b + c = 0

a + c = 1

From the last 2 equations, b = -1.

Also, a = 3 and c = -2

Hence,

Option(A).

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 54

Let (a,b) be 2 numbers such that their lcm is  300. How many such ordered pairs are possible?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 54

300 can be written 22 × 3 × 52

Thus aa and bb should also have 2,3 and 5 as their prime factors only.

For two such numbers a,b the number of ordered pairs whose LCM = N = 2p3q5r will be

(2p+1) (2q+1) (2r+1)

Thus number of ordered pairs such that LCM 300 = 22 × 3 × 52 is their lcm =

(2(2)+1) (2(1) + 1)(2 (2)+1)

Thus number of ordered pairs = 5  × 3  × 5 = 75

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 55

Find the number of unordered pairs of 2-digit numbers, such that their LCM is twice their HCF.


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 55

Let the HCF be h. Hence, LCM = 2h.

Hence, product of the numbers = LCM X HCF = 2h2

Let the numbers be hx and hy, such that x and y are co-prime.

Hence, product = h2xy

Equating, we get xy = 2.

It is only possible when one of the numbers is twice the other.

Hence, the lowest possible group of such numbers is (10, 20), and the highest is (49, 98).

Hence, total possible unordered pairs = 49 - 10 + 1 = 40.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 56

How many 4-digit numbers have at least one 8 or at least one 9 in them, but not both?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 56

Let us first calculate the number of 4-digit numbers with at least one 8 and no 9.

We calculate all 4-digit numbers having no 9 and subtract from it the number of 4-digit numbers with no 8 and no 9 to get the required count.

Number of all 4-digit numbers having no 9 = 8 x 9 x 9 x 9

Number of 4-digit numbers with no 8 and no 9 = 7 x 8 x 8 x 8

Hence, the required count = 8 x 9 x 9 x 9 - 7 x 8 x 8 x 8 = 2248

To calculate the number of 4-digit numbers with at least one 9 and no 8, we will do the same and get 2248.

Hence, total = 4496.

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 57

Sita bought mangoes from a whole-seller and transports the mangoes to her shop. The transporation incurred 20% of the cost she had spent to buy the mangoes. While transporting the mangoes to her shop one-eighth of her stock got squished and generally would not be sold at the same price as that of good quality mangoes. She sold the squished mangoes at 40% of her cost price. By approximately, how much must she markup the price of good quality mangoes such that she receives 10% profit on the overall transaction?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 57

Let Sita buy 100 kg of mangoes at the rate of Rs x/kg The cost incurred by her = 100x

Cost spent for transportation = 20% of 100x = 20x. 

Total cost incurred = 100x + 20x = 120x

To get profit of 10% the overall money she should receive from the selling of mangoes is 1.1 × 120x = 132x

Amount of squished mangoes = 100/8 ​= 12.5kgs.

Amount received by selling squished mangoes = 0.4x × 12.5 = 5x

Remaining amount = 132x − 5x = 127x which she'll get from selling good quality mangoes.

Let the markup be m%

Then (1+m%) (87.5)x = 127x

Or (1+m%) = 127/87.5​ = 1.451

or m% = 45.14%

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 58

Ananth wanted to buy a car. The cost of the car was Rs 4,50,000. He was supposed to make 8 equal instalments divided uniformly in 2 years and was charged 16% per annum compounded quarterly. What is the approximate amount he has to pay in each instalments?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 58

Let the installements be yy

Then, 450000(1+4%)8 = y(1+4%)7 + y(1+4%)6.....y(1+4%) + y

Upon simplifying

450000(1.3685) = 9.2125y

= 66846.67

Option C is closest

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 59

A dishonest shopkeeper adulterates the black pepper with papaya seeds. For each 1000 grams of real pepper, he adds 100 grams of papaya seeds. On top of that, he markups the price by 20% and then offers a discount of 15%. What is his profit % from the resulting sales?

Assume that the cost of papaya seeds is negligible.

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 59

Let the actual cost price for the Pepper be Rsx / kg

He marks up the price by 20% and then give 15% discount. Thus the mentioned selling rate will be (1.2) (0.85) x = 1.02x

In reality, 1000 grams of pepper has 100 grams of papaya seeds.

Thus the 1100 grams of the mixture will have 1000 gram of real pepper

1kgbof the mixture will have 10/11​ kg of real pepper.

If the shopkeeper sells 1 kg of the mixture

Actual cost price for shopkeeper = 10/11​x

Actual selling price = 1.02x

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 60

Ram bought pens from a wholesaler at Rs. 200 per pen. For every additional pen sold by Ram after the first one, the selling price of the pen becomes Rs.5 less than the selling price of the previous pen. Using this strategy, Ram makes a 145% profit by selling 5 pens. What is the maximum number of pens a customer can buy in a single transaction such that Ram makes a profit on every pen sold?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 60

Let the cost of the pen be Rs xx and the marked price be yy

The cost of 5 pen  = 5x5x

Selling price of 5 pens = y + (y−5) + (y−10) +(y−15) + (y−20) = 5y - 50

As per question

(1+145%)5x = 5y−50

Or 2.45x = y−10...(I)

Putting  x = 200  gives, y = 500

The selling price of the nth pen is = 500−(n−1)5

To make the sure that profit is obtained on every pen sold

SP > CP

500 − (n−1)5 > 200

500 − 5n+5 > 200

305 > 5n or n < 61

Thus maximum possible pens he can sell is 60

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 61

A dishonest cloth merchant marks up the price of his cloth by 20%, and does not offer any discount unless asked for. Also, while selling, he uses a metre scale, whose actual length is 80cm. One fine day, an old woman visits his shop to buy some cloth. She is good at bargaining and consequently manages to buy the cloth at a price such that the merchant's net profit or loss is zero. What is the discount percentage she managed to get on the marked price while buying the cloth?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 61

Let the CP of 1 cm of cloth be Rs. 1.

Hence MP of 1 metre cloth = Rs. 100 x 1.2 = Rs 120

CP of the same amount of cloth = CP for 80cm cloth = Rs 80

Since there was no profit or no loss, SP = Rs 80.

Hence, discount = MP - SP = 120 - 80 = 40

Hence, discount % = 40​/120 × 100 = 33.33%

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 62

Series 1: 11, 2, -7, -16, -25,...... upto 1000 terms

Series 2: 25, 15, 5, -5, -15,........ upto 1000 terms

What is the sum of all the terms common to both series?

Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 62

The first common term of the 2 series is -25.

The first series has a common difference of -9, the second series has a common difference of -10.

Hence, common terms will be found at a common difference of -LCM(9,10) = -90.

Hence, the next common term is -115.

It continues in a similar way. 

The last term of this new series must be present in both series.

Let us find out the last term of both series.

t1000​ = 11 - 999 x 9 = 11 - 8991 = -8980 for the first series.

t1000​ = 25 - 999 x 10 = 25 - 9990 = -9965 for the second series.

Hence, the last term of the new series must be greater than or equal to -8980.

-25 - 90 x (n-1) ≥ − 8980

-25 - 90n + 90 ≥ −8980

65 - 90n ≥ −8980

-90n ≥ −9045

90n ≤ 9045

n ≤ 100.5

n = 100

100 terms in the new series.

Sum = n/2 ​[2a + (n−1) d] = 100​/2 [2 × −25 − 99 × 90] = -448000

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 63

Find the highest power of 30 in 50!


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 63

30=2×3×5.
Now 5 is the largest prime factor of 30, therefore, the powers of  5 in 50! will be less than those of 2 and 3. Therefore, there cannot be more 30 s than there are 5 in 50! So we find the highest power of 5 in 50! The highest power of 5 in 50! Hence the highest power of 30 in 50! = 12

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 64

A train 540 meters long is running with a speed of 54 kmph. The time taken by it to cross a tunnel 180 meters long is?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 64

D = 540 + 180 = 720

*Answer can only contain numeric values
CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 65

A, B and C invested Rs.6300, Rs. 4200 and Rs.10500 respectively, in a partnership business. Find the share of A in profit of Rs.12100 after a year? (profit is shared according to the invested amount)


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 65

6300 : 4200 : 10500
3 : 2 : 5

CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 66

A and B entered into a partnership investing Rs.25000 and Rs. 30000 respectively. After 4 months C also joined the business with an investment of Rs. 35000 . What is the share of C in an annual profit of Rs. 47000 ?


Detailed Solution for CAT Mock Test- 1 - Question 66

25 × 12 : 30 × 12 : 35 × 8
15 : 18 : 14

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