SEBI Grade A (IT) Mock Test - 1 - Bank Exams MCQ

The correct answer is Sport for the Promotion of Peaceful and Inclusive Societies.

In News

• The International Day of Sport for Development and Peace is celebrated annually on 6 April to drive social change, community development and to foster peace and understanding.

Key Points

• Created by the United Nations General Assembly in 23 August 2013, supported by the International Olympic Committee since 6 April 2014.
• On 23 August 2013, the United Nations General Assembly in a resolution decided to proclaim on 6 April as the "International Day of the Sport for the Development and the Peace".
• This date commemorates the inauguration, in 1896, of the first Olympic games of the modern era, in Athens, (Greece).

Additional Information

• The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • It is constituted in the form of an association under the Swiss Civil Code (articles 60–79).
  • Founded in 1894 by Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas, it is the authority responsible for organising the modern (Summer, Winter, and Youth) Olympic Games.
  • President: Thomas Bach

The correct answer is Son.

• Bansagar Dam is the multipurpose river valley project on son river in the Madhya Pradesh State of India with both irrigation and 435 Mega Watt of hydroelectric power generation.

Important Points

Additional Information

Image of Ban Sagar Dam:

The correct answer is Navan AI

In News

• niia.ai leverages the power of generative AI to offer significant time and cost savings to apparel designers.

Key Points

• Traditionally, the apparel design process involves multiple steps, taking weeks to complete. However, with niia.ai, this process is condensed into fewer steps, allowing designers to bring their ideas to market in a matter of hours.
• The platform enables designers to create design variations or entirely new designs simply by describing their ideas. It offers visualization features that provide a 360-degree view of the product and allows designers to "try out" the design on AI-generated fashion models, generating photoshoot-quality images.
• By eliminating the need to physically produce samples of designs, niia.ai not only saves money but also contributes to sustainability efforts by reducing waste in the apparel design process.
• Santosh Rout, Founder and CEO of Navan AI, expressed excitement about the launch of niia.ai, highlighting its transformative potential for designers of all scales, from individual designers to large apparel brands.
• The platform's low-cost Software as a Service (SaaS) pricing model aims to democratize apparel design, empowering designers with speed, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.
• The Indian fashion market, experiencing rapid growth, presents a significant opportunity for technology-driven solutions like niia.ai. With the market expected to reach over USD 125 billion by 2025, niia.ai aims to play a crucial role in the sector's transformation by providing designers with the tools they need to capitalize on this growth.

• The author of "From A Car Shed To The Corner Room & Beyond" is S Raman.

• Raman retired as the Chairman and Managing Director of Canara Bank and as a wholetime Member of the board of SEBI.
• The book explores the intricate dance between personal integrity, professional challenges, and systemic issues in the financial world.
• Raman's career trajectory, starting from a clerk with SBI to the top positions in various banks, is detailed in the book.
• The autobiography provides insights into the challenges faced by public sector bankers, particularly in decision-making regarding high-value credit.
• Raman's narrative is philosophical, covering unique vignettes from his 46-year-long illustrious career.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

• To answer this question, let's refer to the following information from the passage regarding the vulnerability of infants and young children to extreme heat:
• "Excessive heat can impact young children’s development and health both in the moment and across the lifespan, the paper underlines. It stands to reason that extreme heat affects infants and young children more than most adults because their smaller bodies heat up more quickly, and their capacity for body temperature modulation is still under development and therefore, far less efficient. Infants and young children also can’t seek out cooler environments or get water to drink without relying on adults."
• From this part of the passage, it is evident that the passage describes the vulnerability of infants and young children to extreme heat by highlighting that their smaller bodies and inefficient body temperature modulation make them more susceptible. Additionally, the passage emphasizes that infants and young children cannot independently seek cooler environments or access water, relying on adults for assistance.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Their smaller bodies and inefficient body temperature modulation make them more vulnerable."

The correct answer is option 5.

Key Points

• To answer this question, read the passage carefully and examine the overall tone of the passage:
• The passage discusses the impact of global warming on temperatures worldwide, emphasizing the increasing frequency and duration of heat waves. It highlights the declaration by the World Meteorological Organisation that 2023 was the hottest year on record. The passage also introduces a working paper from Harvard University, discussing how extreme heat affects early childhood development and health, as well as providing practical solutions to mitigate climate change.
• So, upon close examination, the passage conveys a "Concerned and urgent" tone. It addresses the significant disruptions caused by global warming, emphasizes the potential adverse effects on early childhood development, and urgently calls for a detailed study of the correlation between health outcomes and environmental conditions. The tone is more inclined towards expressing concern and urgency about the impacts of climate change, indicating the need for immediate attention and action.
• Therefore, the correct answer is "Concerned and urgent."

Calculation:

50% of 300 + (3/5) of 200 - 80 + t = 300

⇒ (50/100) × 300 + (3/5) × 200 - 80 + t = 300

⇒ (1/2) × 300 + 120 - 80 + t = 300

⇒ 150 + 120 - 80 + t = 300

⇒ 270 - 80 + t = 300

⇒ 190 + t = 300

⇒ t = 300 - 190

⇒ t = 110

∴ The value of t is 110.

Calculation:

⇒ Total student in class 10th = 3600

⇒ Given ratio of male and female in class 10th = 1 : 1

⇒ So, number of female in class 10th =

⇒ Given 50% less than class 8th in male students in class 10th in a male students

⇒ Male students in class 8th = 1800× 50% = 900

⇒ The ratio of class 10th in female students and the ratio of class 8th in male students = 1800 : 900

⇒ Female : Male = 2 : 1

Given:

(37.5% of 1615.86)/(100.97 × 0.995) = √?

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

Since we need to find out the approximate value, we can write these values to their nearest integers.

(37.5% of 1615.86)/(100.97 × 0.995) = √?

⇒ (37.5% of 1616)/(101 × 1) = √?

⇒ (3/8) × 1616/101 = √?

⇒ √? = 3 × 202/101

⇒ √? = 3 × 2

⇒ ? = 6²

⇒ 36

∴ The value of ‘?’ Is 36.

Given:

Ratio of radius of two circles = 3 : 5

Perimeter of the circle = 110% of Perimeter of square

Side of square = 30 cm

Formula Used:

Area of square = (side × side)

Area of circle = πr²

Perimeter of circle = 2πr

Perimeter of square = 4 × side

Calculation:

Suppose the radius of the circles is 3x and 5x, respectively.

Perimeter of the square = 4 × 30 = 120 cm

The perimeter of the smaller circle = 110% of 120

⇒ 132 cm

Perimeter of smaller circle = 2π (3x) =132

⇒ 2 × 22/7 × 3x = 132

⇒ 132x/7 = 132

⇒ x = 7

The radius of the larger circle = 5x = 35 cm

∴ Area of the larger circle = πr2

⇒ π(35)²

⇒ 22/7 × 35 × 35

⇒ 3850 cm²

Given:

11 people – P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z
The people sitting at the ends of the row face South.

1. T sits in the center of the row, facing North, opposite to both his neighbors.
2. 2 people sit between X and Y, one of whom sits to the immediate right of T.
3. R sits to the right of Y, who faces North.

4. U sits facing South between Y and Q.
5. 3 people sit between V and P, one of whom sits at the left end of the row.
6. S sits facing North, between W and Z, who sits to the left of S.

7. P does not sit near Z. W is sitting just right of P.
8. Z and Q face the same direction, opposite to that of W, who faces South.

(Case 1a will not be possible as it will not satisfy point 7.)

Final Arrangement:

X sits 5th from the right end of the row.
Y sits 3rd to the left of X.

Hence, 5 people sit between W and Y.

Given:

11 people – P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z
The people sitting at the ends of the row face South.

1. T sits in the center of the row, facing North, opposite to both his neighbors.
2. 2 people sit between X and Y, one of whom sits to the immediate right of T.
3. R sits to the right of Y, who faces North.

4. U sits facing South between Y and Q.
5. 3 people sit between V and P, one of whom sits at the left end of the row.
6. S sits facing North, between W and Z, who sits to the left of S.

7. P does not sit near Z. W is sitting just right of P.
8. Z and Q face the same direction, opposite to that of W, who faces South.

(Case 1a will not be possible as it will not satisfy point 7.)

Final Arrangement:

Hence, V sits at the left end of the row.

Given:

6 people – A, B, C, D, E, and F
6 colors – Red, Blue, Grey, Pink, Violet, and Yellow
People sitting at the corners face inside, while people sitting at the sides face outside.

1. A sits in the middle of the table, 3^rd to the right of C, who likes Yellow.
2. The one who likes Grey sits 2^nd to the right of the one who likes Blue, who sits between E and D.

3. F sits to the immediate right of the one who likes Pink.
4. D does not like Violet or Pink.
5. B sits beside the one who likes Red.

(Case 2 will not be possible as it will contradict point 4.)

D likes Red.

Hence, E, who likes Pink, sits 2^nd to the right of D.

Bubble sort repeatedly steps through the list to be sorted, compares each pair of adjacent items and swaps them if they are in the wrong order. The pass through the list is repeated until no swaps are needed, which indicates that the list is sorted.

Array elements: 8, 22, 7, 9, 31, 5, 13

1^st pass = 8, 7, 9, 22, 5, 13, 31

4 swaps

2^nd pass = 7, 8, 9, 5, 13, 22, 31

3 swaps

3^rd pass = 7, 8, 5, 9, 13, 22, 31

1 swap

4^th pass = 7, 5, 8, 9, 13, 22, 31

1 swap

5^th pass = 5, 7, 8, 9, 13, 22, 31

1 swap

Since array is sorted after 5^th pass

∴ no further swaps possible

Total number of swaps = 4 + 3 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 10

Answer: Option 1)

Concept:-

Meaning of i++: [post increment]

First, we read i then after reading the value of i we are going to increment i this is nothing but post-increment.

Meaning of ++i: [pre increment]

First we increment i than we read value of I, this is nothing but pre increment:

Explanation:

b=1;

c=5;

this will assign value 1,5 to variables b and c respectively

a=0-(++b)+c++;

In this expression first, b will be pre incremented.

a = 0 -(2) + c++;

and then c's value will be returned after that c will be incremented because of post-increment.

a = 0 - (2) + 5; // c will become 6

Hence a = 3, b = 2, c= 6

Key Points
Adelson-Velskii and Landis (AVL) tree is a height-balanced binary search tree. An AVL tree is a balanced binary search tree. In an AVL tree, the balance factor of every node is either -1, 0, or +1. The balance factor of a node is the difference between the heights of the left and right subtrees of that node.

So at every node of the AVL tree must satisfy the |h(TL) - h(TR)| ≤ 1.

Hence the correct answer is |h(TL) - h(TR)| ≤ 1.

Additional Information

• In an AVL tree, a single insertion may cause at most 2 rotations in the worst case.
• In an AVL tree, a single deletion may cause multiple rotations in the worst case.

Concept:

If there are two relations A and B with n and m number of tuples respectively. Then the maximum number of tuples in their natural join will be n*m. Maximum tuples will be when one attribute will contain all same values as the other relation having the same attribute.

Explanation:

Given: two relations R and S having tuples 3 and 2 respectively.

So, their natural join will contain a maximum of 3 * 2= 6 tuples.

Example:

Consider table R (a, b) as ;

Relation S(a, c) as :

Here, the natural join of R and S will be :

So, it contains total of 6 tuples.

n × m = 3 × 2 = 6

The correct answer is option 3.

Concept:

Packet Filtering:

Packet filtering is defined as "controlling network access by evaluating incoming and outgoing packets and allowing or rejecting them depending on the source and destination IP addresses." Packet filtering is one of the numerous techniques for constructing security firewalls."

• Packet filtering is both a tool and a technique that is a fundamental building block of network security.
• A packet filtering device is a very appropriate measure for providing isolation of one subnet from another.

Hence the correct answer is Packet Filtering.

The correct answer is Worms.

• A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers.
• Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it.
• Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program.
• Worms almost always cause at least some harm to the network, even if only by consuming bandwidth, whereas viruses almost always corrupt or modify files on a targeted computer.

The correct answer is dropna()

Key Points

• The .dropna() method in pandas is used to remove missing values (NA/NaN values) from the dataset. When used without any parameters, dropna() will remove any row in the DataFrame that contains at least one missing value.
• Here is a basic example:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

# Creating a DataFrame with some NaN values
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, np.nan], 'B': [5, np.nan, np.nan], 'C': [1, 2, 3]})

print("Before dropping NaN values: ")
print(df)

print("\nAfter dropping NaN values: ")
print(df.dropna())

• In the output, you will see that any row which had a NaN value will be removed.
• You also have the option to drop columns that contain missing values by using df.dropna(axis=1). This drops any column with a NaN value.
• Furthermore, you have other ways of handling missing data, such as the fillna() function, which allows you to fill NaNs with any value you choose, rather than removing them.

The correct answer is A, D, E only.

Key Points

A. A DW system needs to comply with regulatory requirements and meet the expectations of the business community. Regulatory compliance ensures that data privacy, security, and governance standards are met. Additionally, the system must align with the needs and expectations of the business community to provide accurate, reliable, and trustworthy information for decision-making.

D. Data security is essential in a DW system. It should be designed with robust security measures to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access, breaches, or data loss. Implementing security controls and best practices helps maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data stored in the data warehouse.

E. Adaptability to change is crucial for a DW system. Business requirements, data sources, and analytical needs evolve over time. The DW system should be designed to accommodate changes and additions to data sources, data models, reporting requirements, and technology advancements. This adaptability ensures that the DW system remains relevant and can support the changing needs of the organization.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

A. DW system must be acceptable to regulators and the business community.
D. DW system must be a secure bastion that protects the information.
E. DW system must be adaptive to change.

The correct answer is option 1.

Concept:

$@ treats each quoted argument as separate arguments. $@ which means, ‘All of the command-line arguments to the shell script’. We also should put $@ inside double quotes to handle the case of arguments containing spaces ("$@" is special syntax and is equivalent to "$1" "$2" …).

Example 1:

for var in "$@"

do

echo "$var"

done

input 1: 1 2 "3 4"

output:

1

2

3 4

input 2: " 1 2 3 4"

output:

1 2 3 4

$* considers the entire set of positional parameters as a single string. $* is all the parameters to the script or function, split into separate arguments on whitespace.

Example 1:

for var in $*

do

echo "$var"

done

input 1: 1 2 "3 4"

output:

1

2

3

4

input 2: " 1 2 3 4"

output:

1

2

3

4

Hence the correct answer is $@ treats each quoted argument as separate arguments but $* considers the entire set of positional parameters as a single string.

Answer: Option 3

CONCEPT:

3NF:

A relation is in 3NF if there is no transitive dependency for non-prime attributes as well as it is in second normal form.Transitive dependency occurs when FD (non-key-> non-key) exists in relation.

BCNF:

It stands for Boyce Codd's normal form.

A relation R is in BCNF if whenever a non-trivial functional dependency X -> A holds in R, then X is a superkey of R. Any relation with two attributes is always in BCNF. Because when a relation contains only two attributes then one attribute determines another and the left side of the functional dependency will always be a candidate key in that case. BCNF is not always dependency preserving.

EXPLANATION:

This table indicates the following functional dependency

AB → CDE

C → B

(AB)⁺ = {A, B, C, D, E}

(AC)+ = {A, C, B, D, E}

Prime attributes: A, B,C

Keys: AB and AC

Since AB and AC are the keys; but in the second functional dependency, C is not key.

Hence the table is in 3rd normal form but not in BCNF.

Additional Information

1NF

It does not contain any composite or multi-valued attribute.

2NF

A relation is in 2NF if it has No Partial Dependency i.e., no non-prime attribute (attributes which are not part of any candidate key) is dependent on any proper subset of any candidate key of the table

The correct answer is option 1

Concept:

A binary search tree (BST) is a node-based binary tree data structure and it follows the following points

1. Left sub-tree nodes key value will exist only if lesser than the parent node key value.
2. Right sub-tree nodes key value will exist only if greater than the parent node key value.
3. Left sub-tree and Right sub-tree must be a Binary search tree.

Explanation:

Step 1: First 10 comes and now that is the Root node.

Step 2: Now 1 came and 1 < 10 then insert Node 1 to the Left of Node 10.

Step 3: Now 3 came and 3 < 10 go to the Left of                  

Node 10 and check 3 > 1 then insert Node 3  to the Right of Node  1.

Step 4: Now 5 came  and 5 < 10 go to the  Left  of  

Node 10 and check 5 > 1 go to the Right of Node 1 then check  5 > 3 then insert Node 5 to the Right of Node 3.

Step 5: Now 15 came and 15 > 10 then insert Node 15 to the Right of Node 10.

Step 6: Now 12 came and 12 > 10  go to the  Right of  Node 10 and check 15 > 12 then insert Node 12  to the Left of Node 15.

Step 7:  Now 16 came and 16 > 10 go to the Right of                  

10 and check 16 > 15 then insert 16  to the Right of Node 15.

After step 7,  we can count the height of the tree as 3.

Important Points

Follow the longest path in the tree and count the edges that are height.

Tips To Learn:

Left sub-tree(key)<Node(key)<Right sub-tree(key)

Node(key): Parent node of  Left sub-tree and Right sub-tree

In p-persistent CSMA protocol, after the station finds the line idle, it sends or refrains from sending based on the outcome of a random number generator.

P-persistent:
In p-persistent CSMA, when a transmitting station has a frame to send and it senses a busy channel, it waits for the end of the transmission, and then transmits with a probability p. Since, it sends with a probability p, the name p – persistent CSMA is given.

1-persistent:

n 1-persistent CSMA, the station continuously senses the channel to check its state i.e. idle or busy so that it can transfer data or not. In case when the channel is busy, the station will wait for the channel to become idle. Due to probability 1, it is called 1-persistent CSMA.

Non-persistent:
Non-persistent CSMA is a non-aggressive transmission algorithm. When the transmitting node is ready to transmit data, it senses the transmission medium for idle or busy. If idle, then it transmits immediately. When the transmitting node is ready to transmit data, it senses the transmission medium for idle or busy.
0-persistent:

Each node is given a transmission order by a supervisory node. When the transmission channel is idle, nodes wait for their time slot in accordance with their assigned transmission sequence. The node that is given the task of broadcasting first does so immediately.

Hence the correct answer is p-persistent.

The correct answer is option 3.

Concept:

The seek() method :

This method is used to position the file object at a particular position in a file.

The syntax of seek() is:

file_object.seek(offset [ , reference_point])

In the above syntax, offset is the number of bytes by which the file object is to be moved. reference_point indicates the starting position of the file object. That is, with reference to which position, the offset has to be counted.

• It can have any of the following values:
  • 0 - beginning of the file
  • 1 - current position of the file
  • 2 - end of file
• By default, the value of reference_point is 0, i.e. the offset is counted from the beginning of the file.

Hence the correct answer is seek().

Additional Information The tell() method:

This function returns an integer that specifies the current position of the file object in the file. The position so specified is the byte position from the beginning of the file till the current position of the file object.

The syntax of using tell() is:

file_object.tell()

The correct answer is option 3.

Concept:

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a communication protocol used on the internet for electronic mail transmission. SMTP is used by mail servers and other message transfer agents to send and receive email messages. User-level email clients typically use SMTP only for relaying messages to a mail server and submitting an outgoing email to the mail server.

• SMTP servers typically use the Transmission Control Protocol on ports 25 (for plaintext) and 587 (for encrypted data) (for encrypted communications).
• SMTP is important because it establishes a standard set of guidelines for transferring messages from one email host to another. Essentially, SMTP is the only way to send an email from one provider to another without losing any content or functionality.

Hence the correct answer is 25.

Additional Information

• SMTP makes use of Port 25.
• It makes use of persistent TCP connections and thus can send multiple emails all at once.
• It is a stateless protocol.
• It is a connection-oriented protocol.
• It makes use of TCP at the transport layer.
• It is a push control protocol.

Correct answer is Option C
Key Points
Following will be contents of temporary table S

Following will be contents of temporary table T

• Following will be the result of natural join of above two tables.
• The key thing to note is that the natural join happens on column name with same name which is Manager in the above example.
• “Hari” appears two times in Manager column, so there will be four entries with Manager as “Hari”.

Protocols that require a logical connection to be established between two devices before transferring data are called connection-oriented protocols. So the answer is (1).

Key Points

• Connection-oriented protocols provide a reliable and ordered way to transfer data between two devices.
• They work by establishing a connection between the two devices before any data is transferred. Once the connection is established, the two devices can exchange data in a reliable and ordered manner.
• The connection is then terminated once all of the data has been transferred.
• Examples of connection-oriented protocols include:
  • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
  • FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
  • SSH (Secure Shell)
• Connection-oriented protocols are typically used for applications where reliable data transfer is important, such as file transfers, email, and web browsing.

Additional Information

• Link-to-connection protocols are protocols that establish a connection between two devices at the link layer of the OSI model.
• Data transfer protocols are protocols that are used to transfer data between two devices.
• Broadcasting protocols are protocols that are used to send data to a group of devices simultaneously.

Concept:

A minimum spanning tree (MST) or minimum weight spanning tree is a subset of the edges(V – 1 ) of a connected, edge-weighted undirected graph G(V, E) that connects all the vertices together, without any cycles and with the minimum possible total edge weight.

Explanation:

Edge set for the given graph = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

For 5 vertices, we need 4 edges in MST,

So, edge set for MST = {2, 3, 4, 6}

Minimum spanning tree

Minimum cost 2 + 3 + 4 + 6 = 15