UP TET Paper 1 Mock Test - 4 - UPTET MCQ

Four characteristic stages of a child's intellectual development were developed by Piaget. These include sensory-motor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage and formal operational stage.

Lev Vygotsky is a Soviet psychologist who did plenty of research on children and came up with the sociocultural theory of cognitive development. His theory was based on the effects of social interactions on a child's cognitive development.

It includes reading skills like reading comprehension, word recognition, oral reading skills, and even impairment in skills that require reading.

Every child has an interest in listening to stories. So, if a teacher tells interesting stories to students while teaching the subject, it develops an interest in students and they concentrate properly in class.

Motivation has been mainly termed as a factor that drives or pushes one in a certain direction or to behave in a certain way. Motivation can be termed as a driving force or it can also be stated as a process that starts and drives various activities, whether physical or psychological.

Spatial intelligence gives the ability to control and form various mental images. It is related to the multiple intelligence theory.

Development is a process of gradual transformation. It is associated with both quantitative and qualitative. Development takes place when there is a positive change in quality. For eg- A child’s IQ level is low during childhood, but it can improve into adulthood. A child’s IQ level can improve from 50 to 90 after developing their creative and critical thinking skills.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Both quantitative and qualitative.'

इनमें से प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा-शिक्षण का निम्नलिखित उद्देश्य अनिवार्य हैं-
(1) मानवीय मूल्यों का विकास।     
(2) विभिन्न संदर्भों में प्रयुक्त शब्दों के सही अर्थ ग्रहण करना।     
(3) विभिन्न सन्दर्भों और स्थितियों में अपनी बात व्यक्त करने की कुशलता का विकास। 
प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा शिक्षण का प्रमुख उद्देश्य है कि बच्चे किसी बात को सुनकर समझ पाएँ । औपचारिक और अनौपचारिक दोनों तरह के माहौल में प्रभावशाली ढंग से अपनी बात रख पाएँ । किसी किताब को समझते हुए पढ़ सकें और उससे अपनी समझ का निर्माण कर सकें।
अतः ''भाषा के अलंकारिक प्रयोग की क्षमता का विकास'' इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर है।

बच्चे घर-परिवार एवं परिवेश से भाषा के जिन अनुभवों को लेकर विद्यालय आते हैं, वे बहुत समृद्ध होते हैं। उनकी इस भाषायी पूँजी का इस्तेमाल भाषा सीखने–सिखाने के लिए किया जाना चाहिए।

भाषा शिक्षण बच्चों में संप्रेषण कुशलता तथा मौलिकता को विकसित कर उन्हें विभिन्न संदर्भों में भाषा प्रयोग में सफल बनाने से संबंधित है। प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा के द्वारा प्राप्त आधारभूत कौशल दूसरे क्षेत्रों के संप्रत्ययों को समझने में सहायक होता है। भाषा शिक्षण का उद्देश्य भाषा की समझ और अभिव्यक्ति का विकास करना है।
प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा शिक्षण का उद्देश्य बच्चों में संप्रेषण कौशल को दक्ष करना होता है जिससे बच्चे विभिन्न सन्दर्भों में भाषा प्रयोग में सफल होते हैं। अपने मनोभाव को किसी के सामने आसानी से रख पाना ही भाषा शिक्षण को सार्थक बनाता है।
प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा शिक्षण का उद्देश्य:

• बच्चे लिखी/छपी सामग्री को पढ़ और समझ सके
• बच्चे विभिन्न संदर्भ में भाषा प्रयोग में सफल हो सके
• बच्चे भाषा के द्वारा अपने परिवेश एवम् अनुभव को समझ सके
• बच्चों को हिंदी के विविध रूपों से परिचित कराया जा सके
• बच्चों में भाषा की समझ तथा सहज अभिव्यक्ति का विकास हो सके

अतः, उपर्युक्त पंक्तियों से स्पष्ठ है कि उपरोक्त सभी उद्देश्य प्राथमिक स्तर पर भाषा-शिक्षण से सम्बंधित है।

लखनऊ के आस-पास अवधि बोली जाती है और मथुरा के आस-पास ब्रज क्योकि भाषा की अपनी भौगोलिक सीमा होती है। एक निश्चित सीमा के लोग निश्चित भाषा का उपयोग करते हैं। अवधी हिंदी क्षेत्र की एक उपभाषा है। यह उत्तर प्रदेश के "अवध क्षेत्र" (लखनऊ, रायबरेली, सुल्तानपुर, बाराबंकी, उन्नाव, हरदोई, सीतापुर, लखीमपुर, अयोध्या, जौनपुर, प्रतापगढ़, प्रयागराज, कौशाम्बी, अम्बेडकर नगर, गोंडा,बस्ती, बहराइच,बलरामपुर, सिद्धार्थनगर, श्रावस्ती तथा फतेहपुर में बोली जाती है। इसके अतिरिक्त इसकी एक शाखा बघेलखंड में बघेली नाम से प्रचलित है।
अतः, यही विकल्प इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर है।

आप कितनी ही ज़रूरी बात क्यों न कहें, अगर आपकी बात कोई सुने नहीं, महसूस ही न करे, तो उसे कहने का फ़ायदा ही क्या?
संवाद तभी सार्थक (जो किसी उद्देश्य की पूर्ति करता हो) होता है जब कहने-सुनने वाले (एक्टिव) सक्रिय हों।

बालक सक्रिय रूप से  कई परिस्थितियों से सीखते है, जैसे-बच्चे किसी से सुनकर, खुद बोलकर, उसका उच्चारण करके एवं कई प्रक्रियाएँ जो आस-पास के वातावरण से सीख सकते हैं। अतः उनका सक्रिय  शब्दकोश उनका पर्यावरण और परिवेश है।
अतः, यही विकल्प इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर है।

भाषा शिक्षण के सिद्धांत 

• अनुबंध का सिद्धांत:- शैशवावस्था में जब बच्चा किसी शब्द को सीखता है, तो वह उसके लिए अमूर्त होता है, इसलिए किसी मूर्त वस्तु से उसका संबंध जोड़कर उसे शब्द सिखया जाता है, जैसे शब्द बोलने के साथ-साथ उसे दुध भी दिखाया जाता है दुध,
• अनुकरण का सिद्धांत :- बालक अपने परिवार या समाज मे बोली जाने वाली भाषा का अनुकरण करके भाषा अर्जित करता है। इसीलिए यदि परिवार या समाज मे त्रुटिपूर्ण भाषा का प्रयोग होता है, तो बच्चा त्रुटिपूर्ण  भाषा हीं  सीखता है
• अभ्यास का सिद्धांत :- यॉर्नडाइक ने कहा है, भाषा का विकास अभ्यास पर निर्भर करता है। भाषा बिना  अभ्यास के न तो सीखी  जाती है, और न ही उसकी कुशलता को बरकरार रखा जा सकता है

अतः निष्कर्ष निकलता है कि माॅडल दिखाकर बालको की अवधारणाओं का निर्माण करना भाषा शिक्षण के अनुबंध के सिद्धांत को पोषित करता है।

Reading can be defined as the ability to make sense of written or printed words. The reader uses the symbols to activate the information from his memory and subsequently uses this information to arrive at a plausible interpretation of the written words.

• It is a multifaceted and layered process in which a reader by actively interacting with the text, tries to decode what has been encoded by the writer. Silent reading is one of the reading skills.

The poet is telling that there are many ways to kill and the way it uses is up to its own conduct or behavior. "The cunning skill", refers to the unseen warning or ultimatum. It means that the threat is invisible.
Hence, the correct answer is the Hidden threat.

Creative Writing is a form of writing which is creating unique ideas that are imaginative and innovative.

• Imagination is the most essential ingredient in creative writing.
• It encourages kids to exercise their creative minds and practise using their imaginations.
• It improves their ability to come up with alternatives.
• It should be an activity planned for all children and should not be limited to children of a certain age.
• Moreover, it broadens the child's thought process and problem-solving abilities.
• It also allows the child to show their opinions and develop their voice.

From the above, it is clear that the presentation of ideas in an original way is the most essential for creative writing.

Group work serves as an important tool to make learning meaningful by working together. In groups, students work collaboratively and involve in active learning.

• Language Task is an approach that implies the idea that language learning takes place by using language meaningfully and contextually.
• It is an approach in which students use language to complete a task. In this approach, activities focus on having students use the authentic target language in order to complete meaningful tasks. 

Mathematics is a study of patterns, numbers, geometrical objects, data, and information. It deals with data analysis, integration of various fields of knowledge, involves proofs, deductive and inductive reasoning, and generalizations.

• The teaching of mathematics should be done in the way, in which a student learns the best i.e., following the child-centered approach by engaging students actively in the learning process.
• The teacher should focus more on providing practical exercises and abstract knowledge to students to foster their individualized discovery-oriented learning.

A triangle cannot have more than one right angle.The sum of all angles of the triangle cannot exceed 180º. If two of the angles are right-angled, it will not satisfy this condition.

Mathematics is one of the few subjects that have practical, cultural, and disciplinary value. Mathematics has the potential to range across all three values, but due to the inappropriate teaching-learning process, its potential is not being utilized to its optimum level. 

The most essential skill for a teacher is the ability to help children form their own opinions on the text as different type of learners need different way of explanation to make them understand the text.

Aryabhata was a fifth century mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and physicist. He was a pioneer in the field of mathematics.

Standard units of measurements must be used always in order to measure things. Learners also do the same thing they always use the standard units for measurements. It helps to provide a reference point by which every quantity can be best described, it helps to remove any ambiguity in understanding or stating the concept or the fact. It is used all over the world and hence considered as the standard unit.
Hence, the correct statements are, 'III, II, I, IV.'

Mathematical thinking and ideas are an important way of learning Mathematics. It is beyond doing arithmetic and algebra. Manipulative models, static pictures, written symbols, spoken and written language, real-world situations, or contexts are five ways to represent Mathematical thinking and ideas.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'Mathematical thinking and ideas.'

The teaching of EVS also helps students to develop desirable attitudes, values, and behavior patterns necessary for an environment-friendly lifestyle.

Rina has separated the garbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.
Biodegradable waste is a waste that degrades or breaks down naturally. For eg- plants, animals, their waste, paper, fruits, flowers, vegetables. Som Banana skin, vegetable peels, dried leaves and newspapers come under biodegradable materials.
Non-biodegradable waste is a waste that cannot degrade or break down naturally. For eg- rubber, plastic, chemicals, paint plastic, etc. So, Jam bottles, Sauce bottles, used toothpaste tubes, plastic toys come under non-biodegradable materials.
Hence, the correct answer is, 'can be decomposed/ cannot be decomposed.'

The activity-based program includes various activities that involve the active participation of the child and makes their learning stronger.

Important Points
Sahil wants to organize the activity to introduce the topic “Nutrition” to her class V students. He should ask the students to open their tiffin boxes, see the contents, followed by her explanations.

The soil's capacity to hold water is unequivocally identified with the molecule size; the firmness to hold water by fine particles of clay soil is more than the coarser particles of a sandy soil or loam, so clay holds more water. Conversely, sands or loams give less demanding transmission of water through the profile.