Super TET Mock Test - 1 - Super TET MCQ

सही उत्तर विहित है।

Key Points

• निषिद्ध का विलोम विहित है।
• निषिद्ध का अर्थ- जिसका निषेध किया गया हो
• विहित का अर्थ- उचित, मुनासिब।

अन्य विकल्प-

• कठोर का अर्थ होता है - कड़ा, सख़्त।
  • कठोर का विलोम कोमल
• विहित का अर्थ होता है - उचित।
  • विहित का विलोम- 'निषिद्ध
• आदृत का अर्थ होता है - सम्मानित।
  • आदृत का विलोम- निरादृत
• सिद्ध का विलोम असिद्ध

सभी शब्दों के अर्थों से हमें ज्ञात होता है कि निषिद्ध का विलोम शब्द विहित होता है।

सही उत्तर 'धनात्मक' है।

• दिए गए विकल्पों में, 'ॠणात्मक' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'धनात्मक' है।
• ॠणात्मक का अर्थ: नकारात्मक, अभावात्मक।
• धनात्मक का अर्थ: सकारात्मक।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

Additional Information

• विलोमार्थक शब्द/ विलोम: 'विलोम’ शब्द का अर्थ है- उल्टा या विपरीत।
• समान परिस्थितियों में एक दूसरे का विपरीत अर्थ देने वाले शब्द एक-दूसरे के विलोमार्थक शब्द होते हैं।

सही उत्तर है - ‘अनावृष्टि’।

• अतिवृष्टि का विलोम अनावृष्टि होगा।
• अतिवृष्टि का अर्थ : बहुत अधिक मात्रा में बारिश होना।
• अनावृष्टि का अर्थ : वर्षा का अभाव।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प:

• वृष्टि का विलोम अनावृष्टि होगा।
• मित का अर्थ - नपा तुला, सीमित।
• वृष्टि का अर्थ - पानी बरसना, वर्षा का जल।
• न्यून का अर्थ - कम, थोड़ा।
• न्यून का विलोम - अधिक

Additional Information विलोम शब्द के उदाहरण:-

• विषाद – हर्ष
• जय – पराजय
• दुर्गति – सद्गति
• अल्पायु – दीर्घायु

जिसकी उतर गई लोई उसका क्या करेगा कोई- लोकोक्ति का सही अर्थ वाला विकल्प निर्लज्ज को किसी की परवाह नहीं होती होगा।

• वाक्य प्रयोग :- जब लोगों ने उसे बिरादरी से ख़ारिज कर दिया है अब वह खुलेआम आवारागर्दी कर रहा है सही कहा जाता है कि 'जिसकी उतर गई लोई तो क्या करेगा कोई’।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationलोकोक्ति :- किसी विशेष स्थान पर प्रसिद्ध हो जाने वाले वाक्य को ‘लोकोक्ति’ कहते हैं।

• जब कोई पूरा कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धत किया जाता है तो लोकोक्ति कहलाता है। इसी को कहावत भी कहते है।
• लोकोक्ति शब्द दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना हैं – लोक + उक्ति = लोकोक्ति
• अर्थात ऐसी उक्ति जो किसी क्षेत्र विशेष में किसी विशेष अर्थ की ओर संकेत करती हैं लोकोक्ति कहलाती हैं। लोकोक्तियों को कहावत, सुक्ति आदि नामों से जाना जाता हैं।

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से 'शुद्ध वर्तनी वाला शब्द 'नीरस' है। 

नीरस के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - फीका, बेरस, बेजायका, अस्वाद।

'वाग्देवी' का सही पर्यायवाची शब्द 'केशी' नहीं है। 

केशी के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - पशुराज, सिंह, मृगराज, शेर, वनराज, शार्दूल, केसरी, केहरी। 

वाग्देवी के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - वीणापाणी, महाश्वेता, हंसवाहिनी, वागीश्वरी, सरस्वती, वागेश्वरी।

Atheist' is a person who strongly disbelieves in the existence of God. Option 3 is thus the correct answer.
All other alternatives have no relation to the given phrase. Stubborn stands for a person who is adamant, bogus is something that is not to be taken seriously and devout is a person who believes in God strongly.

संस्कृत वर्णमाला में ‘4 संयुक्त व्यञ्जनवर्ण’ होते है। जिसमें दो वर्णों के संयोग से बनने वाले वर्णों को सम्मिलित किया जाता है। जो इस प्रकार हैं-

अतः स्पष्ट है कि ‘क्ष्’ यह सयुक्ताक्षर है।

Additional Information

वर्ण:- भाषा की सबसे छोटी ईकाई को वर्ण कहते हैं। वर्ण के प्रकार इस प्रकार के होते हैं-

टिप्पणी- पाणिनि ने स्वरों के प्लुत् भेद भी माना है जिससे स्वर 21 हो जाते है

Word problem is a mathematical problem that is written in words and children need to apply their practical knowledge to a real-life scenario. While giving children word problems, we must ensure that they are simply worded and related to the children's real-life experiences.

Dyscalculia: The term Dyscalculia is derived from the Greek root ‘dys’ (difficulty) and Latin ‘calculia’ from the root word calculus - a small stone or pebble used for calculation.

• Dyscalculia is a disability resulting in difficulties such as difficulty in understanding numbers learning or comprehending arithmetic, learning how to manipulate numbers, performing mathematical calculations, and learning facts in mathematics.
• It is sometimes informally known as "math dyslexia", This is a learning disorder and related to difficulty in moving from concrete to abstract ( facilitating the mapping process between concrete and symbolic arithmetic).  

Hence, Option A is correct.

Environmental studies at the primary stage envisage exposing children to the real situations in their surroundings to help them connect and to make them sensitized towards the prevailing environmental issues.

• Environmental studies have been regarded as a life-long process concerned with the total environment aimed at developing and sharpening awareness, knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, and concern for environmental improvement and protection. 
• It not only helps children to get acquainted with their own environment but also strengthens their bond with it.

Learning disabilities are neurologically-based processing problems. These processing problems can interfere with learning basic skills such as reading, writing and/or math. They can also interfere with higher level skills such as organisation, time planning, abstract reasoning, long or short term memory and attention. They are not caused due to the method of teaching used by the teacher. They may be present due to improper brain development, or infection in brain, etc. Constant fights amongst parents also lead to mental strain and anxiety in students, which may lead to learning disabilities.

“Learning is a relatively permanent change in personality (including cognitive, affective, attitudinal, motivational, behavioral, and experiential) and reflects a change in performance usually brought about by practice although it may arise from insight or other factors, including memory.”

Key Points

The characteristics of the learning process are:

• Learning is goal-directed: Every human being aspires to achieve some goals in his/her life. These goals may be achieved through learning. If there is no goal to achieve, then there would be no necessity of learning.
• Learning is intentional: Since an individual sets a goal to achieve, he/she has to deliberately do some activity to attain the goal. If he/she does not have any intention to reach the goal or is quite casual about it, then it is difficult to reach the goal and in that sense, learning is weak or may not take place at all.
• Learning is an active process: One has to perform some activity, may be physical or mental, or both to learn something. The mind has to remain active to acquire new experiences; otherwise, no learning can take place.
• Learning is individualistic: You might have observed that in a class there are some students who learn more quickly while others learn slowly. In fact, the pace of learning differs from person to person.
• Learning is the outcome of the interaction of the individual with the environment: As a teacher, you have to organize the environment carefully to motivate the students so as to interact with you, peer students, and teaching-learning materials.
• Learning is a continuous process: From childhood every human being tries to change his/her behavior, thinking, attitude, interest, etc. continuously to fit himself/ herself to the ever-changing conditions of life.
• Learning is transferable: Learning in one situation can be used to solve problems in another situation. Learning of mathematics, science, social science and language help the child to perform different activities in their real life.

Hence, we conclude that Learning is a passive process is not a characteristic of the learning process.

Mrs. Sharma can impart learning with better skill and results because she possesses excellent communication skills. Communication skills involve speaking, writing, imagery, body language, and the organisation of ideas into understandable structures. So, learning can be imparted in a better way because of these communication skills. Ability to interact with students in a better way reflects interpersonal skills. Knowledge of pedagogy helps in teaching by understanding pupils better.

Language strategies and activities ensure the growth of learners' knowledge and assess their level of understanding. It is an authentic source to determine that the classroom teaching is resulting in actual knowledge enhancement of the learners.

• The above-mentioned type of activity is known as Experiential activity as these activities promote experiential learning that refers to the process of learning through experience, and it is also defined as "learning through reflection on doing".
• Here, the learners will write their own endings based on their experience which will promote conceptual understanding and will provide direct experience to the learners through their active involvement.
• They provide a useful channel to utilize the surplus energy of the students. Besides, these contribute immensely to the normal academic growth and development of students.
• Experiential activities fulfill many psychological needs of the students and consequently facilitate learning.

So, it is clear that the above-mentioned type of activity is known as Experiential activity.

To gain control over emotions, children should be trained in self-control.

Self-control is the ability to control feelings, desires, and behaviors displayed in order to achieve an objective or avoid punishment. In psychology it is also called self control.

"Making errors is a shameful act for the learners". This statement is detrimental to student's learning.

Teacher's beliefs impact their teaching behaviour, learner development, guide their decision making and interactions with their learners. Beliefs help teachers from their planning, curricular decisions and identify what should be taught in the classroom.

Teachers’ beliefs are related to some factors that interact with each other in the processes of teaching and learning. Teachers bring beliefs acquired from many years of learning experiences to a teacher education that impacts what and how they learn to teach. Teachers’ beliefs affect what they say and do in the classroom which forms their beliefs. Teachers’ beliefs affect teacher awareness, teaching attitudes, and teaching methods. Teachers’ beliefs impact their teaching behaviour, and learner development, and guide their decision-making and interactions with their learners. Beliefs help teachers form their planning and curricular decisions and identify what should be taught in the classroom. On the whole, it can be concluded that teachers’ beliefs will have a great effect on forming active teaching methods and will bring about a considerable amount of advance in learners’ language capabilities.

The OECD designates the United States as the leading aid provider in 2022, based on data from ForeignAssistance.gov, an official US government platform, providing insights into US aid patterns and destinations from 2001 to 2023. Between 2001 and 2023, the US allocated $677 billion in aid to 213 nations, with Afghanistan, Israel, and Iraq topping the list of recipients in the last two decades.

Exporters aiming for duty concessions on shipments to the UK must comply with new British regulations under the Developing Countries Trading Scheme (DCTS). Introduced by the UK Government, DCTS aims to integrate developing nations into the global economy, fostering trade partnerships and strengthening supply chains. It offers simpler, more generous preferential trading terms, reducing or eliminating tariffs on imports from 65 eligible countries, benefiting UK consumers and businesses while excluding certain upper-middle-income nations and those with UK free trade agreements.

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) conducted the Pre-Cyclone Exercise to assess preparedness for the upcoming cyclone season, reflecting their ongoing commitment to disaster management and public safety as they celebrate their 150th year of service.

The primary aim of the BIMSTEC Faculties Exchange Programme in Dhaka is to "Boost Mutual Cooperation" among the member countries' Foreign Service training institutions by facilitating dialogue and collaboration among diplomats.

The President and Prime Minister recently extended warm wishes to Indian Army personnel on Army Day, celebrated annually on January 15. Established on January 15, 1949, Field Marshal K.M. Cariappa became the first Indian Commander-in-Chief, marking a historic transition from British leadership. The 76th Army Day in 2024, themed “In Service of the Nation,” will be commanded by the Army’s Central Command in Lucknow, aligning with the Indian Army’s motto, “Service Before Self.”

Concept:

The nucleus of the Cell

• The cell is the basic building block of all living beings. 
• The nucleus is the special structure located generally at the center of the cell. 
• The nuclear membrane separates the cytoplasm from the nucleus. 
• The nucleus contains a central part called nucleolus and chromosomes. 
• Chromosomes and nucleolus coexist in the nucleus. Chromosomes are not present in the nucleolus.

Chromosomes and Genes

• Chromosomes carry genes and help in the inheritance or transfer of characters from the parents to their children. 
• The chromosomes can be seen only when the cell divides.
• The credit for the discovery of chromosomes goes to Strasburger as he first described the chromosome structure seen in the nucleus during cell division.
• Usually, chromosomes are rod-shaped, elongated, or dot-like in shape with sizes varying from 0.5 to 32 micrometer.
• In humans, 23pairs of chromosomes are found i.e. 46 in numbers.

Conclusion:

• Chromosomes are present in the nucleus of the cell. So, all the given options are wrong. 
• The correct option is None of these.

Additional Information

• The cell membrane is also known as the plasma membrane. 
  • It is a porous structure that allows the exit and entry of certain materials according to its requirement. 
  • This is the major function of the cell membrane. 
• The cytoplasm is between the cell and the nucleus.
  • Cell organelles like mitochondria, Golgi bodies, ribosomes, etc. are present in the cytoplasm. 
  • Mitochondria is called the powerhouse of cells and is responsible for cellular respiration. 
  • vacuole is open space between cell which is used for storing food. 
• Plastids are double-membrane organelles found in the plant cell. They contain pigments that help the plant in photosynthesis. 

The word that can be suffixed to form new words is ‘ure’

Fail + ure = Failure

Press + ure = Pressure

Depart + ure = Departure

Advent + ure = Adventure

Pragmatism is an educational philosophy that says education should be teaching students the things that are practical for life and encourages them to grow into better people.

Key Points The term ‘Pragmatism’ derives its origin from a Greek word ‘Pragma’ meaning ‘Activity’ or ‘Practice’ or ‘Action’.Pragmatic philosophy is a practical philosophy having no fixed or absolute standards. Man always creates new values and education should help him in doing so.

Important PointsThe aims of education as formulated by the Pragmatists are the following:

• To create new values: The Pragmatists do not believe in the theory of any fixed aim of education. In their opinion, the aim of education is to create new values and the act of teacher is to help himself develop new values.
• To enable pupils to gather experience through activity: For the creation of new values, activity and experience are essential. Education should therefore, provide physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic activities as the media for the creation of new values.
• To help the pupil to adjust with him and the society: The other important aim of education according to pragmatism is to help the pupil to make adjustment with himself and the society.
• To help the pupil to reconstruct his experience: Every individual has to solve different types of complex problems in his life.
• To make all round development of the pupil: All round development of the individual is also an important aim of education. The individual develops physically, mentally, socially and aesthetically.

Thus, it can be concluded that pragmatism leaning theoryfollows the empirical model of education philosphy.

It is well known that the quality and extent of learner achievement are determined primarily by teacher competence, sensitivity, and teacher motivation. The National Council for Teacher Education has defined teacher education as A programme of education, research, and training of persons to teach from preprimary to higher education level.

Key Points

• Training for the teachers is also important for them to have effective class management skills.
• Training sessions are needed to help the teachers learn or create new teaching strategies which will bring back the interest of their students in the classrooms and encourage learning.

Important Points
Child psychology:-The study of the psychological processes of children and, specifically, how these processes differ from those of adults, how they develop from birth to the end of adolescence, and how and why they differ from one child to the next.

• A teacher should have the knowledge of child psychology as it helps him/her to discover the inter-relations of different lines of study and in organizing and systematizing his/her own mental life.
• It also helps the teacher in guiding the process of bringing together the subject of study and the subject (students) who study.

​Hint

• Practical psychology is a part of the medical curriculum
• History of psychology is relevant to students learning Psychology.

Thus, it is concluded that Child Psychology should be a compulsory part of teachers' training program as it is very important for the teachers to learn about the child.