Super TET Mock Test - 8 - Super TET MCQ

इनमें गैर उपसर्ग अरबी/फ़ारसी का है।

• गैर - अरबी/फ़ारसी का उपसर्ग
  • अर्थ - निषेध
  • शब्द - गैर-ज़िम्मेदार, गैरक़ानूनी, गैरमुल्क, गैरहाजिर

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• कु (हिन्दी का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - बुरा
  • शब्द - कुमंत्रणा, कुप्रथा, कुचलना
• उप (संस्कृत का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - निकट, सदृश, गौण
  • शब्द - उपदेश, उपवन, उपमंत्री
• भर (हिन्दी का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - पूरा
  • शब्द - भरपेट, भरपूर, भरसक

Additional Informationउपसर्ग -

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरूआत में जुड़ते हैं और मूल शब्द का अर्थ बदल देते हैं।
• उदाहरण :- अप + यश = अपयश, अध + पका = अधपका, ना + लायक = नालायक, हाफ + टिकट = हाफटिकट आदि।
  • हिन्दी में मुख्यतः चार प्रकार के उपसर्ग होते है :-
    • संस्कृत के उपसर्ग (प्र, परा, अप, सम्, अनु, अव, निस्, निर्, दुस्, दुर्, वि, आङ्, नि, अधि, अपि, अति, सु, उत्, अभि, प्रति, परि तथा उप)
    • हिंदी के उपसर्ग (अन, अध, उन, औ, कु, चौ, पच, पर, बिन, भर, स, सह, चिर, न, बहु, आप, सम, दु)
    • उर्दू (अरबी/फ़ारसी) के उपसर्ग (ला, बद, बे, कम, ग़ैर, ना, खुश, हम, ऐन, सर, बेश, बा, अल)
    • अंग्रेजी के उपसर्ग (ब, हाफ, को, हैड, वाइस)

वियोग शब्द 'वि' उपसर्ग से बना है।

• वि + योग = वियोग (वि उपसर्ग)
• 'वि' संस्कृत का उपसर्ग है।
• 'वि' उपसर्ग के उदाहरण - विवाद, विपक्ष, विशुद्ध।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• विवाह + इक = वैवाहिक
• वीर मूल शब्द है।
• वीर + त्व = वीरक्त

Additional Informationउपसर्ग -

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरूआत में जुड़ते हैं और मूल शब्द का अर्थ बदल देते हैं।
• उदाहरण :- अप + यश = अपयश, अध + पका = अधपका, ना + लायक = नालायक, हाफ + टिकट = हाफटिकट आदि।
• हिन्दी में मुख्यतः चार प्रकार के उपसर्ग होते है :-
  • संस्कृत के उपसर्ग (प्र, परा, अप, सम्, अनु, अव, निस्, निर्, दुस्, दुर्, वि, आङ्, नि, अधि, अपि, अति, सु, उत्, अभि, प्रति, परि तथा उप)
  • हिंदी के उपसर्ग (अन, अध, उन, औ, कु, चौ, पच, पर, बिन, भर, स, सह, चिर, न, बहु, आप, सम, दु)
  • उर्दू के उपसर्ग (ला, बद, बे, कम, ग़ैर, ना, खुश, हम, ऐन, सर, बेश, बा, अल)
  • अंग्रेजी के उपसर्ग (ब, हाफ, को, हैड, वाइस)

‘उच्चारण’ का संधि विच्छेद करने पर ‘उत्+चारण’ होगा तथा यहाँ व्यंजन संधि है।

व्यंजन संधि में यदि त् + च या छ आये तो त् का च् हो जाएगा। जैसे– उत् + चारण = उच्चारण, महत् + छत्र = महच्छत्र।

स्वर संधि-स्वर वर्ण के साथ स्वर वर्ण के मेल से विकार उत्पन्न होता है, जैसे– विद्या + अर्थी = विद्यार्थी, महा + ईश = महेश।

व्यंजन संधि-एक व्यंजन से दूसरे व्यंजन या स्वर के मेल से विकार उत्पन्न होता है, जैसे - अहम् + कार = अहंकार, उत् + लास = उल्लास।

विसर्ग संधि-विसर्ग के साथ स्वर या व्यंजन के मेल से विकार उत्पन्न होता है, जैसे– दुः + आत्मा =दुरात्मा, निः + कपट =निष्कपट।

'Back to square one' means to come back to the point where something was initially started.  Option 3 is thus absolutely correct.
Example- After the failure of the machine prototype, the team was back to square one.

The correct answer is Option 2. The correct spelling is ‘convenience’. 

संस्कृत साहित्य का प्रथम महाकाव्य रामायण को माना जाता है।

रामायण - राम की कथा होने के कारण इस महाकाव्य को रामायण कहा जाता है। इस के रचनाकार वाल्मीकि है।

लौकिक साहित्य की प्रथम रचना होने के कारण ही महर्षि वाल्मिकीवाल्मीकि को आदिकवि तथा रामायण को आदिकाव्य कहा जाता है।

विद्वानों में एक और प्रसिद्धी है कि प्रत्येक एक हजार श्लोक के पश्चात् इसमें गायित्री मन्त्र का एक वर्ण आता है।

रामायण का विभाजन सात काण्डों में हुआ है-

1. बालकाण्ड - 77 सर्ग
2. अयोद्ध्याकाण्ड - 129 सर्ग
3. अरण्यकाण्ड - 75 सर्ग
4. किष्किन्धाकाण्ड - 67 सर्ग
5. सुन्दरकाण्ड - 68 सर्ग
6. लङ्काकाण्ड (युद्धकाण्ड) - 128 सर्ग
7. उत्तरकाण्ड - 111 सर्ग

अतः स्पष्ट है कि संस्कृत साहित्य का प्रथम महाकाव्य रामायण के रचनाकार वाल्मीकि है।

‘श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता’ महाभारत के भीष्मपर्व में युद्ध के पूर्व कृष्ण द्वारा अर्जुन को दिया गया उपदेश है। जो कुल ‘अठारह (18)’ अध्याय में वर्णित है।

Additional Information

विशेष:- महाभारत में अठारह संख्या अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण है-

• महाभारत के अद्ध्यायों की संख्या- 18
• युद्ध के दिनों की सन्ख्या- 18
• श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता के अद्ध्यायों की संख्या- 18
• उपगीता के अद्ध्यायों की संख्या- 18

अतः स्पष्ट है कि ‘श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता’ में कुल ‘अठारह (18)’ अध्याय में वर्णित है।

‘चतुर्विंशतिसाहस्रीसंहिता’ को तोड़कर देखें तो ‘चतुर्विंशति + साहस्री + संहिता’ प्राप्त होता है। जिनके अर्थ इस प्रकार है-

• चतुर्विंशति- चौबीस
• साहस्री- हजार
• संहिता- एक साथ हो।

अर्थात् चौबीस हजार श्लोक जहाँ हो, रामायण में चौबीस हजार श्लोक है, अतःउसे ‘चतुर्विंशतिसाहस्रीसंहिता’ कहेंगे।

Key Points

• विद्वानों में एक और प्रसिद्धी है कि प्रत्येक एक हजार श्लोक के पश्चात् इसमें गायित्री मन्त्र का एक वर्ण आता है।
• रामायण का विभाजन सात काण्डों में हुआ है-

1. बालकाण्ड- 77 सर्ग
2. अयोद्ध्याकाण्ड- 129 सर्ग
3. अरण्यकाण्ड- 75 सर्ग
4. किष्किन्धाकाण्ड- 67 सर्ग
5. सुन्दरकाण्ड- 68 सर्ग
6. लङ्काकाण्ड (युद्धकाण्ड)- 128 सर्ग
7. उत्तरकाण्ड- 111 सर्ग

Additional Information

• महाभारत में एक लाख श्लोक हैं इसलिये इसे ‘शत्साहस्रीसंहिता’ भी कहते हैं।

​The power of the sunglass is 0 dioptre. 

​Delonix regia Rafin is the scientific name of Gulmohar. 

​Flat footed camels can walk easily in sandy deserts because presuure on the sand is decreased by increasing the area of the surface in contact. 

To read any big number just follow the basic rules of writing any number. The least significant bit represents the unit place digit, then tens place, then hundred's place, then thousand and so on. Hence. unit place digit = 8, ten's place = 2, hundred's place = 9, thousand's place = 7, ten thousand's place = 0, lakh place = 4. Hence, the answer will be four lakh seven thousand nine hundred twenty-eight.

Between 5 and 78:
First number = 6
Last number = 72

Hence, Option D is correct.

The objective that can be achieved through this activity is creating.

The teaching methods should be more reliable to the students at this stage. Mostly the teacher uses to teach the students by using the non-metric units to calculate the mathematics, these are also known as basic mathematical techniques. In this method, the students are used to measure Rulers of different lengths and different units, measuring rod, measuring strip used by architects.

Let AB be the kite and AC be the level ground
So that BC - AC.
At that point, ∠BAC = 60°and BC = 75m. Let AB = x meters.
Presently AB/BC = coses60° = 2/ √3
=> x/75 = 2/√3 => x = 150/√3 = 150 * √3/3 = 50 √3m.
∴ Length of the string = 50 √3m.

Motivation:  It is the positive behavior to acquire a skill or knowledge, Motivation can be two types. Motive can be defined as the reason for which you are doing something, or the level of desire you have to do something. 

Motives can be categorized into two

1. Primary, or basic or physiological  motives
   • ​It is unlearned and common to both animals and humans. 
   • It is basic human motives like food, cloth, shelter, etc.
   • These define the biological or physical needs
2. Secondary, or learned motives
   • It can differ from animal to animal and person to person.
   • These motives can be learned day by day through practices

Social Motives: it is a secondary motive acquired by interacting with others. It may be universal (e.g., need for affiliation) or culture-specific (e.g., need for achievement). 

Educational motives: It is the positive behaviour to acquire a skill or knowledge, Motivation can be two types

• Intrinsic motivation: it comes from deep within the mind, i.e. readiness to learn, love for learning, like a subject
• Extrinsic motivation: it comes from outside influences, i.e. appreciation by the teacher, motivational speech of a topper, parents' motivation, etc.

Hence, we can conclude that achievement is not a physiological motive .

Child who faces difficulties in teaching-learning process is considered as a child with learning disability. Dyscalculic students cannot understand mathematical concepts like number and its relations, operations, symbols, place value etc. Students with visual perceptual or motor disability have problems with remembering places and often forget one's own place. Dyslexic students have problems not only with reading but also with comprehension and understanding and hence, repeatedly ask questions. Hence, (A) is true, but (R) is false.

There are different kinds of tests in fashion to measure the intellectual level of learners and 'teacher-made tests' and 'standardized tests' are two of them.

Key Points

The chief point of discussion between teacher-made and standardized tests lies in the area of objectivity.

Let's Understand in Brief:

Hence, it could be concluded that the chief point of discussion between teacher-made and standardized tests lies in the area of objectivity.

In assimilation, new information is incorporated in the existing ideas. Our mentally guided behaviors or schemas, are modified as we take in more new information or experiences. 

Assimilation is a cognitive process that manages how we take in new information and incorporate that new information into our existing knowledge.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• Mangrove vegetation is most abundant in West Bengal (Sundarbans).
• Most of the country's mangrove vegetation is found along the eastern and western coasts.
• The Indian Sundarbans forest region is the third-largest enclosed mangrove ecological zone in the world.
• Mangrove forest is found mainly in the warm and subtropical regions between 25° north and 25° south latitudes.
• According to the India Forest Status Report 2021-
  • Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Bhupender Yadav, released the ‘India State of Forest Report 2021’ on 13 January 2022.
  • It has been prepared by the Forest Survey of India (FSI) which has been mandated to assess the forest and tree resources of the country.
  • Area-wise Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover.
  • The total forest and tree cover of the country is 80.9 mn hectares.

Additional Information

• Mangroves are halophytes.
• Mangrove plants grow in swampy places around the seashore.
• Halophyte plants can survive in highly salinized soils or water.
• They show Vivipary germinations.
• In this particular type of germination, the seed germinates inside the fruit while it is still attached to the parent plant.
• The embryo comes out of the fruit with a massive radicle pointing downwards.
• Due to increased weight, the seedling separates from the parent plant and establishes itself in the muddy soil.
• They also possess Pneumatophores.
• Pneumatophores, also called air root are mainly specialized root that grows upwards out of the water or mud to reach the air and from there it obtain oxygen for the root systems of trees that live in swampy or tidal habitats
  

Uttaramerur inscription was mentioned by Prime Minister Modi recently. This inscription was created during the reign of Parantaka Chola I (907-953 AD)
The walls of the Vaikunda Perumal Temple in Uttaramerur are inscribed with details revealing systems of local governance from the 10th century CE.

The Correct Answer is Option 1 i.e Tomara Rajputs.

• Tomara Rajputs (8th Century -12th Century):
  • Anangapala was considered to be the founder of this dynasty.
  • Delhi became the capital of a kingdom for the first time under the Tomara Rajputs.
  • They were defeated by Chauhans in the middle of the twelfth century.
  • The name of Anangpala is inscribed in the Iron Pillar of Delhi. 
• Chauhans (1165-1192):
  • Prithviraj Chauhan was the most important ruler of this dynasty.
  • In the first battle of Tarain 1191 AD, he defeated Muhammad Ghori.
  • In the second battle of Tarain 1192 AD, he was defeated by Muhammad Ghori.
•  Aurangzeb (1658-1707):
  • He was the sixth Mughal Emperor.
  • He executed the ninth Sikh guru Guru Tegh Bahadur in 1675 AD.
  • He re-imposed Jaziya in 1679 AD.

The Rule of Law is the essential foundation of democracy. 

• The Constitution says that the government shall not deny to any person in India equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws.
• It means that the laws apply in the same manner to all, regardless of a person’s status. This is called the rule of law.
• Rule of law is the foundation of any democracy. It means that no person is above the law.
• There cannot be any distinction between a political leader, government official and an ordinary citizen.
• Every citizen, from the Prime Minister to a small farmer in a remote village, is subjected to the same laws.
• No person can legally claim any special treatment or privilege just because he or she happens to be an important person. 
  • For example, a few years ago a former Prime Minister of the country faced a court case on charges of cheating.
  • The court finally declared that he was not guilty. But as long as the case continued, he had to go to the court, give evidence and file papers, just like any other citizen.

Key-Points

Water Pollution:

• Water pollution occurs when harmful substances often chemicals or microorganisms contaminate a stream, river, lake, ocean, aquifer, or other body of water, degrading water quality and rendering it toxic to humans or the environment.
• Water pollution is a major environmental issue in India.
• The largest source of water pollution in India is untreated sewage.
• Other sources of pollution include agricultural runoff and unregulated small-scale industry.
• Most rivers, lakes, and surface water in India are polluted due to industries, untreated sewage, and solid wastes.

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer. 

Important Points
​Untreated Sewage:

• A 2007 study found that the discharge of untreated sewage is the single most important source of pollution of surface and groundwater in India.
• There is a large gap between the generation and treatment of domestic wastewater in India.
• The problem is not only that India lacks sufficient treatment capacity but also that the sewage treatment plants that exist do not operate and are not maintained.

Additional Information

1. Agriculture run-off: Farms discharge large quantities of agrochemicals, organic matter, drug residues, sediments, and saline drainage into water bodies. Nevertheless, agricultural pollution, aggravated by increased sediment runoff and groundwater salinization, is also becoming an issue.
2. Unregulated small-scale industries and religious practices comparatively have less contribution to water pollution in major rivers of India.

The correct answer is The people.

Key Points

• Democracy comes from the Greek word, “Demo" means "people" and “Kratos” means “rule”.
• Democracy is a government in which power and civic responsibility are exercised by all citizens, directly or through their freely elected representatives.
• A democratic system of government is a form of government in which supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodic free elections.
• A system can be termed as a genuine and comprehensive democracy only when it fulfills both political and socio-economic aspects of people’s participation and satisfaction.
• Challenges to democracy are as follows:-
  • Leaders keep changing in a democracy. This leads to instability.
  • Democracy is all about political competition and power play. There is no scope for morality.
  • Elected leaders do not know the interests of the people.
  • Democracy leads to the expansion of democratic values.
  • Vast countries like India have different cultural, ethnic, and religious groups. so, it is difficult to fulfill the demands of all the groups.
  • So many people have to be consulted in a democracy which leads to its delay.

Inclusive education essentially refers to the educational philosophy that students with disabilities should be placed in the same classroom environment as other students their age who do not have special needs. This allows special students to forge a friendship with their peers and feel less socially tensed about their disabilities.

• Inclusive education in its real sense is nothing but a process of creating a system of education that caters to the needs of all children, which is not practised in India. Further, inclusive education has in the past dealt predominantly with children with disabilities, and the need to focus on these children remains the main objective, as they generally face exclusion due to various reasons.

Key Points
Inclusion in education can be made effective by practising the following:

• Realizing that inclusion in education is a key facet of inclusion in society
• Putting inclusive ethics into practice
• Considering life and death of every individual as of equal worth
• Increasing participation for children and adults in learning and teachingactivities, relationships and communities of local schools
• Streamlining cultures, strategies and practices to respond to diversity inways that give everyone equal status
• Assisting all to foster a feeling of belongingness
• Reduction of barriers for children with disabilities to benefit them morewidely.
• Decreasing exclusion, prejudice, and hurdles to learning and increasingparticipation
• Seeing differences between children and adults as means for acquiringknowledge
• Making schools better equipped for members of the staff and parents/caretakers and their wards
• Establishing a link between education and local/global realities.
• Recognizing the right of all children to high-quality education in their locality irrespective of their abilities and/or disabilities
• Nurturing reciprocally supporting relationships between schools and the communities around.
• Enabling All Students to be taught in a common Classroom.
• Stressing upon the expansion of school communities and ethos, giving due importance to achievements

Important Points

In Inclusive education-

• Disabled children are provided with all support services within the regular classroom.
• Inclusive education addresses the need to provide education to children with any kind of impairment.
• Inclusive education is an approach that is child-focused.

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear thatthe aim of inclusive education is to emphasize on the education of all categories of learners because disabled child learn better with normal children.

Oral guidance is a process of instructing or supporting the students in the learning process through auditory instruction. Oral guidance is effective while explaining the concepts learned in the classroom and before performing physical experiments.

Key Points

Useof oral guidance:

Teaching concepts:

• Concepts can be effectively explained through oral guidance as explaining a concept is basically to provide an insight into the working process of any phenomenon.
• For example, An automobile engineer can orally explain the working process of a car's engine, and the listener will also be able to understand the concept.

Teaching facts:

• Facts are kinds of information that are known to be universally true which have been established and proven through the data. Facts can also be effectively explained through oral guidance.
• For example, A Teacher can orally explain the list of 10 most populated countries in the world based on the census data which is a proven fact.

Teaching skills:

• Skills, however, cannot be effectively explained through this technique as it requires the learner to physically practice the skills to improve and achieve perfection.
• For example, In Cricket, a coach can verbally instruct the bowler to swing his arm in a particular action to pitch a full-length delivery but the bowler trying to learn has to practice the skills in order to achieve the desired results.

Hence, it could be concluded that Oral guidance is less effective in Teaching skills.