HPSC PGT Physics Mock Test - 7 - HPSC TGT/PGT MCQ

The Directive Principles are listed in  Part IV of the Indian Constitution and it clearly states that it is the duty of the State to apply these principles in the process of law-making.

• There are mainly three categories of these principles – Socialist Directives, Gandhian Directives, and Liberal Intellectual Directives.

Important Points

• DPSP – Gandhian Principles
  • These principles are based on the Gandhian ideology used to represent the program of reconstruction enunciated by Gandhi during the national movement. Under various articles, they direct the state to:
  • Article 40 Organise village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-government
  • Article 43 Promote cottage industries on an individual or co-operation basis in rural areas
  • Article 43B Promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control, and professional management of cooperative societies
  • Article 46 Promote the educational and economic interests of SCs, STs, and other weaker sections of the society and protect them from social injustice and exploitation
  • Article 47 Prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to health.
  • Article 48 Prohibit the slaughter of cows, calves, and other milch and draught cattle and improve their breeds.

• DPSP – Socialistic Principles
  • They are the principles that aim at providing social and economic justice and set the path towards the welfare state.
  • Article 38 Promote the welfare of the people by securing a social order through justice—social, economic and political and to minimise inequalities in income, status, facilities and opportunities.
  • Article 39 Secure citizens: Right to adequate means of livelihood for all citizens
  • Article 39A Promote equal justice and free legal aid to the poor
  • Article 41 In cases of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement, secure citizens: Right to work, Right to education, Right to public assistance.
  • Article 42 Make provision for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief.
  • Article 43 Secure a living wage, a decent standard of living and social and cultural opportunities for all workers.
  • Article 43A Take steps to secure the participation of workers in the management of industries.
  • Article 47 Raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of people and to improve public health.
• DPSP – Liberal-Intellectual Principles
  • Article 44 Secure for all citizens a uniform civil code throughout the country
  • Article 45 Provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years
  • Article 48 Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines
  • Article 48A To protect and improve the environment and to safeguard forests and wildlife
  • Article 49 Protect monuments, places and objects of artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of national importance
  • Article 50 Separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State
  • Article 51 Promote international peace and security and maintain just and honourable relations between nations

Thus, we can say that Freedom of Business and Religion is not a Directive Principle.

The correct answer is Mercury.

• Mercury planet is the closest planet to the Sun.

​Key Points

• Mercury:
  • The smallest planet in our solar system
  • It is nearest to the Sun.
  • It's only slightly larger than Earth's Moon.

The correct answer is Jind.

Important Points

• Pratap Singh revolted against the British in Jind, Haryana.
• Raja Bhag Singh suffered a severe paralytic attack in March 1813. Unfit to run the administration of his state, the ailing chief wished to appoint Prince Pratap Singh the ablest and wisest of all his sons as his regent to do his work.
• But the British government to whom the anti-British bearing of the prince was known stood in his way and got Rani Sobrahi appointed in place of the price in 1814. This was unbearable for Pratap Singh and he raised the standard of revolt on June 23, 1814.
• Pratap being a popular figure the state forces also revolted and joined him forthwith. With their help, the prince lost no time in occupying the Jind fort and established his government after putting the Rani the puppet of the British government to the sword.

Additional Information

• Kaithal revolt was started in the year 1843 and its leader was Gulab Singh and Suraj Kaur.

The correct answer is golf.

Key Points

• Tvesa Malik is an Indian golf player.
• She is from Gurugram, Haryana.
• She has won the 4th leg of the Hero Women’s Golf Tour.
• Gursimar Badwal is also an Indian golf player. 

Additional Information

International Yoga Day is celebrated on 21^st June every year.

Similarly;

Kargil Victory day is commemorated on 26^th July every year.

Hence, "Kargil Victory Day : 26^th July" is the correct answer.

Important Points

GIVEN:

The average of 40 numbers = 25

CONCEPT:

Basic Average concept.

FORMULA USED:

Average = Sum of all numbers/Total numbers

CALCULATION:

Sum of numbers = 40 × 25 = 1000

23, 25 and 41 are mistakenly written as 32, 52 and 15 respectively.

⇒ Change in sum = (23 + 25 + 41) – (32 + 52 + 15)

= 89 – 99

= -10

Actual sum of numbers will be 10 less.

⇒ Sum of numbers = 1000 – 10 = 990

∴ Correct average = 990/40 = 24.75

The pattern followed is, 

Logic: For all the other option sum of place value is 14 except “DJA”

Hence, “DJA” is the correct answer.

NEP 2020 emphasizes the role of teachers in promoting critical thinking, creativity, and holistic development of students.

Change in behaviour is the common sign of a child in stress. A child in stress shows aggressive behaviour and acts irritably.

Torque acting on a dipole is p*E*sinθ where E is the electric field. Now θ is 0 degree, so sinθ becomes 0 and hence no torque acts on the dipole. So in this case, no force or torque acts on the dipole. Therefore it will be the condition of stable equilibrium. In the case of θ=180 degree, sinθ is also 0 but the condition is known as unstable equilibrium i.e. if we rotate the dipole a bit, it will not come back to its initial position.

When megnetic force balances electric force F_B = F_E
q v_d B = q _E

when d₁ = 2d₂, V₂ = 2V₁

and when d₁ = d₂, V₂ = V₁ (a), (d) are correct options

Increase in potential energy of the electron when it strikes another plate = Potential difference*charge of electron=20*1.6*10^-19 J=3.201*10^-18J and as the electron was at rest initially, this energy will be converted to kinetic energy completely. Therefore, 0.5*mass of electron*(velocity)²=3.201*10^-18J. Substituting m=9.11*10^-31kg, we get v=2.65*10⁶ m/s.

We define length and time separately as it is not possible to define velocity without using these quantities. This means that one fundamental quantity depends on the other. So, these quantities cannot be listed as fundamental quantities in any system of units.

From conservation of momentum,   mu = mv₁ + mv_{2                      (1)}

∴ Amplitude is 0.4 m and motion is SHM.

The resistance is R=200ohm the inductor is L=0.4 H, the capacitance is C=5  µF and the amplitude voltage is V=CV
The frequency depends on the inductance and the capacitance and it is given by,
f₀=1/ (2π√(LC))  
So, plug the values of L and C into equation 1 to get f₀
f₀=1/ (2π√(LC))=2/(2π√[0.4H)(5x10^-6)]=113Hz
for the current, we use ohm’s law to get the current,
I=V/R
Now, plug the values for V and R to get I
I=V/R=3V/200Ω=0.015A=15mA
 

KEY CONCEPT : Use Fleming's left hand rule. We find that a force is acting in the radially outward direction throughout the circumference of the conducting loop.

A reversible process gives the maximum work.

Let mass of earth be M
Acceleration due to gravity = g
Radius of earth = r
Height to which he can throw on earth = H
Acceleration due to gravity at the planet be = g'
Radius of the planet be= r'
Mass of the planet be = M'
Height to which he can throw at that planet = H'
Then g = G(M/r^2)
Therefore g' = G{(1/10)M}/[{(1/3)r}^2]
= (9/10) G(M/r^2)
= (9/10)g
Now, H = {(v)^2-(u)^2}/2(-g)
= {(0)^2-(u)^2}/(-2g)
= {(u)^2}/2g
H' = u^2/[2{(9/10)g}]
= (10/9)u^2/2g
= (10/9)H
= (10/9) * 90
= 100 m

Moment of inertia about its centroidal axis has a minimum value as the centroidal axis has mass evenly distributed around it thereby providing minimum resistance to rotation as compared to any other axis. Also the statement-2 is correct but is not the correct explanation for statement-1.

Newton's law of cooling states that the heat released by a body with respect to time (or) the rate of heat released is directly proportional to the difference between the body's temperature and the surrounding temperature. 
dH/dt = k(T – Ts) where t = surrounding's temperature and T = temperature of the body 
Consider two bodies A and B, of equal surface areas, such that A's temperature is more that B's temperature and the surrounding temperature is less than both A and B. Then according to Newton's law of cooling A loses more heat to the surroundings when compared B during the same time interval. So, A will cool faster than B.

Explanation:A will become positive with respect to B because current  indused is in clockwise direction

Maximum acceleration = w2A
Maximum velocity = wA
Ratio = w2A/wA = w
w = angular velocity
A = amplitude

Capacitive reactance (symbol XC) is a measure of a capacitor’s opposition to AC (alternating current). Like resistance it is measured in ohms, but reactance is more complex than resistance because its value depends on the frequency (f) of the signal passing through the capacitor. Reactance is also inversely proportional to the value of capacitance (C), i.e. the value of XC at any frequency will be less in larger capacitors than in smaller ones. All capacitors have infinitely high values of reactance at 0Hz, but in large capacitors, the reactance falls to a low level at much lower frequencies than in smaller capacitors. Hence, larger capacitors are preferred in low frequency applications.

Total external resistance will be the total resistance of whole length of box. It should be connected between A and D.

We can generalise it by assuming a positive charge moving away from another positive charge. now both of them are repelling each other with some force. so that positive charge will accelerate which results in the increase in K.E.

When the person started flying towards the planet, the person experiences the gravitational force due to the gravity of the planet, the force experienced by the man is 

When the person heads inside the planet through the hole, the gravitational force that he was once experiencing due to the shell of the planet is now gone and due to this the gravitational force on him becomes zero.
Now, when the person enters through the hole, he sees two shells of mass 2M/3 and point mass M/3. Thus the gravitational force acting on the person due to the point of mass of the shell is given as:

Now that we have gained the two energies that are one outside the planet and another inside the planets due to another shell-like structure, the net gravitational force acting on the person is the value of the second shell gravitational force subtracted from the first shell gravitational force.

The direction of these circular magnetic lines is dependent upon the direction of current. The density of the induced magnetic field is directly proportional to the magnitude of the current. Direction of the circular magnetic field lines can be given by Maxwell's right hand grip rule or Right handed cork screw rule.