MPTET Varg 1 Economics Mock Test - 2 - MPTET MCQ

दिए गए विकल्पों में से "भर्ता" शब्द 'पति' का पर्यायवाची है।

पति के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - स्वामी, प्राणाधार, प्राणप्रिय, प्राणेश, आर्यपुत्र, दूल्हा, वल्लभ, भर्तार, सुहाग, सौहर, साजन, बालम, वर।

स्पष्टीकरण

अन्य विकल्प:

• विधाता के पर्यायवाची शब्द - ब्रह्मा, विधि, सृष्टिकर्त्ता।
• विभु के पर्यायवाची शब्द - सर्वव्यापक, नित्य, अनन्त, अजन्मा।
• भार्या के पर्यायवाची शब्द - प्रिया , अंगना , पत्नी , प्रणयिनी , प्रेमिका , स्त्री , वामा।

अन्य संबंधित बिंदु

पर्यायवाची शब्द:
सामान्य अर्थ में ऐसे शब्द जिनके अर्थ समान हों, पर्यायवाची शब्द कहलाते हैं।

पर्यायवाची शब्द के कुछ उदाहरण :

• अतिथि- मेहमान ,पाहुन ,आगंतुक, अभ्यागत।
• इज्जत– मान, प्रतिष्ठा, आदर, आबरू।
• उपहास– परिहास, मजाक, खिल्ली।
• एकांत – निर्जन सुनसान शून्य।
• औषधि- दवा, दवाई, भेषज।
• किरण- अंशु, रश्मि, कला, कर, गो, प्रभा, दीधिति, मयूख, मरीचि।
• कंठ- गला, शिरोधरा, ग्रीवा, गर्दन।
• गाय- भद्रा, गौरी, सुरभी, धेनु, गऊ, गौ,गैया, पयसि्वनी,दोग्धी।
• घी- हव्य, अमृतसार, क्षीरसार, आज्य।
• चर्म- खाल, चमड़ी, त्वचा, त्वक्।
• छाछ- गोरस, मठा, दधि स्वेद, मट्ठा।
• झंडा- पताका, केतु, निसान, ध्वज, केतन, वैजयंती।

''Learning and knowledge are the greatest assets of a man'

• उक्त वाक्य का सही हिंदी रूपांतरण होगा -."सीख और ज्ञान मनुष्य की सबसे बड़ी सम्पत्ति है।"
• अन्य विकल्प अनुचित है।

स्पष्टीकरण

वाक्य के महत्वपूर्ण शब्दों का हिंदी अनुवाद -

• Learning - सीखना
• knowledge - ज्ञान
• greatest - महानतम।
• assets - सम्पति

अतिरिक्त जानकारी

assets शब्द से बने अन्य वाक्य -

• The river is a real asset. - नदी एक वास्तविक संपत्ति है।

'विष्णु' के पर्यायवाची शब्द-समूह है - 'महेंद्र, हृषिकेश'

• 'विष्णु' का अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द है - नारायण, दामोदर, पीताम्बर, माधव, केशव, गोविन्द, चक्रपाणि, विश्वम्भर, लक्ष्मीपति।

स्पष्टीकरण

• जो शब्द समान अर्थ के कारण किसी दूसरे शब्द की जगह ले लेते हैं उन्हें पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते है।

अतिरिक्त जानकारी

कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द:-

• ब्रह्मा - आत्मभू, स्वयंभू, चतुरानन, पितामह, हिरण्यगर्भ, लोकेश, विधि, विधाता।
• महादेव - शंभु, ईश, पशुपति, शिव, महेश्वर, शंकर, चंद्रशेखर, भव, भूतेश, गिरीश, हर, त्रिलोचन।
• मेघ - घन, जलधर, वारिद, बादल, नीरद, वारिधर, पयोद, अंबुद, पयोधर।
• मुनि - यती, अवधूत, संन्यासी, वैरागी, तापस, संत, भिक्षु, महात्मा, साधु, मुक्तपुरुष।
• विष्णु - गरूड़ध्वज, अच्युत, जनार्दन, चक्रपाणि, विश्वंभर, मुकुंद, नारायण।
• देवता - सुर, अमर, देव, निर्जर, विबुध, त्रिदश, आदित्य, गीर्वाण।
• गणेश - लंबोदर, एकदंत, मूषकवाहन, गजवदन, गजानन, विनायक, गणपति, विघ्ननाशक।
• पृथ्वी - धरा, धरती, वसुधा, भूमि, वसुंधरा, भू, इला, धरा, धरत्री, धरणी।
• गंगा - सुरसरि, त्रिपथगा, देवनदी, जाह्नवी, भागीरथी।

सही उत्तर पंखे है।

स्पष्टीकरण

• दिए गए सभी शब्दों में से 'पंखा' का बहुवचन शब्द 'पंखे' होगा।
• पंखा का अर्थ- बिजली से चलने वाला वह यंत्र जो हवा देता है।

अतिरिक्त जानकारी

The correct answer is 'A secret enemy'.

Explanation

• The expression 'the snake in the grass' is used to refer to a person who pretends to be good, well wisher but can't be trusted.
• This idiom is used to refer to a person who has chances of cheating.
  • For example: Ravi is a snake in the grass, I prefer not the discuss the upcoming project with him.
• Thus, option 4 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Numismatist"

Explanation

• Let's take a look at the given options:
  • "Numismatist" is a person who studies or collects coins, tokens, and other forms of money, such as medals, paper money, and other forms of currency.
    • Example: I went to the numismatist to get some rare coins as a gift for my wife.
  • "Cryptologist" is a person who studies cryptography, the practice of hiding information by encrypting it into an unreadable format.
    • Example: The cryptologist lost his mind trying to decipher the script.
  • "Hobbyist" is a person who engages in a particular activity as a pastime rather than as a profession.
    • Example: Being a hobbyist should be temporary, you should also focus on doing safe work.
  • "Philatelist" is a person who studies or collects stamps or postal history
    • Example: The philatelist was bent on trying to get the last left stamp.
• In the given sentence, the person is collecting coins as a hobby, so the correct word substitute for that is "Numismatist".

Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Hinglish

• "Numismatist" एक ऐसा व्यक्ति है जो सिक्कों, टोकनों और धन के अन्य रूपों, जैसे पदक, कागज़ के पैसे और मुद्रा के अन्य रूपों का अध्ययन या संग्रह करता है।
• "Cryptologist" एक ऐसा व्यक्ति है जो क्रिप्टोग्राफी का अध्ययन करता है, जानकारी को अपठनीय प्रारूप में एन्क्रिप्ट करके छिपाने का अभ्यास करता है।
• "Hobbyist" एक ऐसा व्यक्ति है जो एक पेशे के बजाय एक शगल के रूप में एक विशेष गतिविधि में संलग्न है।
• "Philatelist" वह व्यक्ति है जो डाक टिकट या डाक इतिहास का अध्ययन या संग्रह करता है

Given Series:

3 7 5 2 8 6 4 1 3 7 4 3 7 6 8 2 6 5 8 9 7 8 6 1 2 7 3

Odd digits which are immediately preceded by a perfect square and immediately followed by an odd digit :-

3 7 5 2 8 6 4 1 3 7 4 3 7 6 8 2 6 5 8 9 7 8 6 1 2 7 3

3 7 5 2 8 6 4 1 3 7 4 3 7 6 8 2 6 5 8 9 7 8 6 1 2 7 3

3 7 5 2 8 6 4 1 3 7 4 ​3 7 6 8 2 6 5 8 9 7 8 6 1 2 7 3

Hence, the correct answer is "Three".

The correct answer is Indore.

Explanation

• Madhya Pradesh's first bone bank is being set up at MGM Medical College, Indore.​
  • The bone bank is like an eye bank.
  • In this, the bones donated by the donor or removed during the operation are kept in a deep freezer at a temperature of -40 to -80 degrees Celsius.
  • Before this, the bones to be preserved are thoroughly tested for antigens, and infections.
  • And they are used after keeping them in a deep freezer for six months.
  • Bones broken in an accident or accident can also be replaced from a 'bone bank'.​

Learning Disability is a neurological disorder that affects the way one receives and processes information. There are various types of learning disabilities in children.

Explanation

• Dyspraxia is a developmental disorder of the brain in childhood causing difficulty in muscle control as well as activities requiring coordination and movement.
• This motor skill development is a type of learning disability specifically related to motor skills.
• It is also known as developmental coordination disorder or motor learning disability.
• Children with dyspraxia struggle with coordination and movement.

Hence, it can be inferred that a disorder characterized by problems with movement and motor skill coordination is Dyspraxia.

A lesson plan is a teacher’s daily guide for what students need to learn, how it will be taught, and how learning will be measured. Lesson plans help teachers be more effective in the classroom by providing a detailed outline to follow each class period.

Explanation

Some of the major characteristics of an ideal lesson plan:

1. Level of Class:

• an effective lesson plan must feature the class of learners for which the lesson is being designed.
• This will serve as the background to every other thing that will go into planning the lesson.
• The language of the lesson, especially, depends so much on the class of learners.

2. Length of the Lesson:

• a good lesson must have a clearly stated time span.
• This will help the teacher determine the amount of content the lesson can take.
• Be flexible: if something actually takes longer than anticipated, take time to finish the main lesson aim and drop secondary aims.

3. Objectives:

• The objective is the overall idea of what the teacher set to achieve in the lesson.
• The objective is what the teacher think students should be able to do better by the end of the lesson.
• Having the aim in mind will prevent from losing focus or just teaching the favourite topics.
• Some lessons may require more than one objective.
• The objective should be written at the top of the lesson plan to serve as a guide to other things that will go into the plan.
• Clear and realistic objectives are essential if a lesson is going to be successful.

4. Assumptions:

• this is also called presumed student knowledge or previous knowledge.
• This aspect of the lesson plan deals with what students have already covered in previous lessons or courses and so should be familiar with.
• This emphasizes the point that lessons should be part of an overall syllabus or structure, with links not just within a single lesson, but between different lessons.

Hence, An ideal lesson plan is based on teaching levels, Objectives, and previous knowledge.

Communicating information effectively by making use of appropriate technology is called Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

• It is an umbrella term that includes many communication devices such as radio, television, cellular phones, computers and network, satellite systems and so on.
• It is defined, as a “diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information."

Important Points

Two objectives of ICT are:

• To establish smart schools
  • ICT allows schools to use advanced technology and equipment in classrooms to give students a better learning experience.
  • These schools use gadgets such as laptops, teaching screens, and projectors to add a visual effect to learning.
• To increase the capacity of teachers
  • The concept of capacity building in education includes various aspects ranging from training teachers, developing the digital contents, implementing basic ICT infrastructure (computers and networking) and putting in place well-designed local ICT policies.
  • It helps teachers to interact with students.
  • It helps them in preparing their teaching, provide feedback.

Thus, it is clear that the objective of ICT is to establish smart schools and to increase the capacity of teachers.

Other Related Points

Advantages of using ICT in education:

• It is of great use in achieving various objectives of the teaching-learning process.
• It provides correct information in a comprehensive manner with different examples.
• It helps learners to broaden their information base.
• It provides variety in the presentation of content, which helps learners to learn according to their own pace.
• It helps in better understanding and long retention of information.

Concept:

Co-efficient of Correlation (r):
In simple linear regression analysis, the co-efficient of correlation is a statistic which indicates an association between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The co-efficient of correlation is represented by "r" and its value lies between -1.00 and +1.00.

• When the co-efficient of correlation is positive, such as +0.80, it means the dependent variable is increasing/decreasing when the independent variable is increasing/decreasing. A negative value indicates an inverse association; the dependent variable is increasing/decreasing when the independent variable is decreasing/increasing.
• A co-efficient of correlation of +0.8 or -0.8 indicates a strong correlation between the independent variable and the dependent variable. An r of +0.20 or -0.20 indicates a weak correlation between the variables. When the co-efficient of correlation is 0.00, there is no correlation.
• r = .

Calculation:

From the properties/nature of the co-efficient of correlation, we know that the correlation coefficient is independent of the choice of origin and scale.

• The price-consumption curve (PCC) shows the different quantities of a good that consumers purchase when its price changes. The Marshallian demand curve also displays the various quantities of a commodity that consumers are willing to pay for, while holding other factors constant.
  
• The price-consumption curve can be used to create an individual demand curve. When the price of one product changes or the consumer's income varies, the price-consumption curve, a graph representation, shows the consumer's consumption options. The budget line of the consumption basket is shifted as a result.

Hence, a consumer's demand curve can be obtained from Price-consumption curve.

• Gresham's law states that individuals would conserve high-quality money (such as coins made of gold or silver) while dispensing with lower-quality money (such as paper currency that is depreciating in value).
• This causes the higher-quality money to be removed from circulation and the lower-quality money to start moving around in the economy.
• Gresham's rule has been used to explain a number of economic events, including why certain currencies are more likely to be hoarded, why some types of money (like digital currencies) are more likely to be used for speculation, and why monetary depreciation can cause inflation.
• Gresham's law is still a helpful and applicable idea in the study of economics and monetary policy today, despite its age.

When two kinds of money are in circulation, the problem before government is to keep them simultaneously in circulation, this problem is explained in Gresham's Law theory

The correct answer is National Development Council

• The draft of the Five Year Plans in India is approved by the National Development Council.
• Five-Year Plans were a formal model of planning used by the Indian government post Independence, for effective and balanced utilization of resources.
• They were well designed by the Planning Commission of India, which was set up on 15 March 1950. Since it was not a constitutional entity, the Commission reported directly to the Prime Minister and its first Chairman was Nehru himself.
• The Commission was aimed with the duty of raising the standard of living in India through proper disbursement of resources, enhancing production, and enabling employment opportunities for everybody.
• The First Five Year Plan was created for the period of 1951 to 1956.
• The Harrod-Domar model was the base of this plan.
• Agricultural development of the country was the primary goal.
• This plan was a great success and achieved a growth rate of 3.6% (higher than its estimated target)

The correct answer is Both (1) and (2).

Explanation

The balance of payments (BoP)

• It records the transactions in goods, services, and assets between residents of a country with the rest of the world for a specified time period typically a year.

There are two main accounts in the BoP

The current account

• The current account records exports and imports in goods and services and transfer payments.

The capital account

• The capital account records all international purchases and sales of assets such as money, stocks, bonds, etc.

The correct answer is 1969.

Explanation

• MRTP Act was passed in 1969 and became effective from 1970.
• MRTP stands for Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices.
• This Act was enacted to prevent the concentration of economic power to common detriment, control monopolies, and prohibit monopolistic and restrictive trade practices (MRTP) and matters connected therewith.

Other Related Points Monopolistic and Restrictive Trade Practice under MRTP Act, 1969

• The Monopolistic and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969, was enacted.
  • To ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of economic power in hands of few,
  • To provide for the control of monopolies, and
  • To prohibit monopolistic and restrictive trade practices.
  • The MRTP Act extends to the whole of India except Jammu and Kashmir.

• The sectoral distribution of revenue is a topic covered by distribution theory. This theory aims to clarify how the entire national income is distributed among various economic sectors, including services, industry, and agriculture.
• The distribution theory also investigates how people, companies, and the government are dispersed among the income produced by these sectors.
• The degree of technology, the amount of capital investment, and the workforce's skill level are the primary variables that affect how much revenue is distributed among different sectors and groups.

Hence, The theory of distribution deals with sectoral distribution of Income.

The correct answer is 1250

Explanation

• Equilibrium level of output: The equilibrium level of the national income is defined as that point where the aggregate supply and the aggregate demand are equal to each other.
• Aggregate Demand: Aggregated demand means the total demand for final goods & services in an economy. Formula: AD = C + I + G + (X-M)
• Aggregate Supply: Aggregate supply is the money value of total output available in the economy for purchase during a given period. Aggregate supply refers to the total production of goods and services in an economy. Which expressed AS = C + S, i.e., Y = C + S

Important Points

I = 50 + 0.2 Y (Given)
S = -150 + 0.4 Y (Given)
G = 50 (Given)

At Equilibrium Level
AD = AS
C + I + G = C + S
I + G = S ('C' cancelled on both sides)
50 + 0.2 Y + 50 = -150 + 0.4 Y

(Solving for Y)
50+150 +50 = 0.4Y - 0.2Y
250 = 0.2 Y
Y = 250/0.2
Y = 1250

Equilibrium level of national income is 1250

The correct answer is A, B and C.

Explanation

• According to the residence-based taxation system established by the Income Tax Act of 1961, a taxpayer's income is taxed based on where they reside.
• In India, a person's residency status is a key factor in determining whether or not their income is taxable.
• In light of the Finance Act of 2020, this article examines the tax obligations of Individual Residents and Residents but Not Ordinary Residents (RNOR/NOR).
• Contrary to common belief, acquiring a foreign nationality does not necessarily result in tax benefits.
• For the purposes of Indian taxation, a person's citizenship is only marginally relevant.
• Even the DTAAs ("Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements") that India has signed adhere to the notion of residency and have nothing to do with citizenship.

Other Related Points

• Individuals, Hindu Undivided Families, Companies, and Other Persons are the four groups into which the Assesses are divided under Section 6 of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
• Further, the individual is evaluated based on his residence status, which is further separated into Ordinary Resident and Non-Ordinary Resident for the purposes of assessment.

The correct answer is Foreign Institutional Investors.Explanation

• A foreign institutional investor (FII) is an investor or investment fund investing in a country outside of the one in which it is registered or headquartered.
• The term foreign institutional investor is probably most commonly used in India, where it refers to outside entities investing in the nation's financial markets.
• An FII is typically an investor, an investment fund, or an asset that invests in a foreign country outside of the one where it is headquartered or registered. In India, FII is used for overseas entities that invest in the Indian financial markets.

Other Related Points

• FDI (foreign direct investment) it is nothing but investing in a country other than the home country which involves direct capital inflows from one country to another.
• The Reserve Bank of India monitors the ceilings on FII/NRI/PIO investments in Indian companies on a daily basis. For effective monitoring of foreign investment ceiling limits, the Reserve Bank has fixed cut-off points that are two percentage points lower than the actual ceilings.
• The only three developing economies- China, the UAE, and Brazil have made it in the top 25 of the FDI Confidence Index 2020.
• India was ranked 16th in the 2019 list, while it occupied the 11th spot the year prior.

Thus, FIIs stand for Foreign Institutional Investors.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Important Points

• The impact of poverty on society is significant and long-lasting.
• Poverty is associated with substandard housing, hunger, homelessness, inadequate childcare, unsafe neighbourhoods, under-resourced schools, crime, begging, fall of character, and so on. Hence, all of the above is correct.
• In addition, low-income children are at greater risk than higher-income children for a range of cognitive, emotional, and health-related problems, including detrimental effects on executive functioning, below-average academic achievement, poor social-emotional functioning, developmental delays, behavioural problems, asthma, inadequate nutrition, low birth weight, and higher rates of pneumonia.

Other Related Points

• Poverty rates are disproportionately higher among most non-White populations. Compared to 8.2% of White Americans living in poverty, 26.8% of American Indian and Alaska Natives, 19.5% of Blacks, 17% of Hispanics, and 8.1% of Asians are currently living in poverty.

Economic policy refers to the actions that governments take in the economic field. It covers the systems for setting levels of taxation, government budgets, the money supply and interest rates as well as the labor market, national ownership, and many other areas of government interventions into the economy.

1991 economic crisis:

• By 1985, India had started having balance of payments problems. This is due to more expenditure by the government whereas the income generated was less. In addition there was huge disparities between income and expenditure.
• By the end of 1990, it was in a serious economic crisis. The government was close to default, its central bank had refused new credit
• In 1991, India met with an economic crisis - relating to external debt. The government was not able to make repayments on its borrowings from abroad.
• The foreign exchange reserves, which we maintain to import petroleum and other important items, dropped to levels that were not sufficient to last even a fortnight. The crisis was further compounded by rising prices of essential goods.

​

Liberalisation:
Liberalisation was done in various sectors in the following ways:

1. Deregulation of industrial sectors
2. Financial sector reforms
3. Tax reforms
4. Foreign exchange reforms
5. Trade and investment policy reforms

Privatisation:

• Privatisation means the transfer of assets from public sector to private sector.
• Privatisation helps in improving financial discipline and to facilitate modernisation. It helps in strong inflow of FDIs.

Globalisation:

• Globalisation is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and mutual sharing, and other aspects of culture.

The correct answer is Inferior good.​

• As the income of the consumer increases, the demand for an inferior good falls, and as the income decreases, the demand for an inferior good rise.
• Inferior goods include low-quality food items like coarse cereals.
• Inferior goods demand is inversely proportional to the income of consumers.

Other Related Points

• As a consumer increases the amount of a good they consume, the marginal utility they obtain from each extra unit of that commodity will eventually decline, according to the law of Equi-marginal utility, often known as the principle of declining marginal utility.
• The difference in overall utility, or contentment, as a result of consuming one more unit of a good is referred to as marginal utility.
• According to the law of equi-marginal utility, consumers would distribute their income among various commodities so that the marginal utility obtained from each commodity is equal.
• This indicates that a customer will keep consuming a commodity until the marginal utility obtained from eating extra units of other commodities equals the marginal utility obtained from consuming that good.

Hence, The law of marginal utility refers to Marginal utility per rupee spent in X and Y commodities.

The correct answer is Sales of final goods.

Explanation

• Sales of final goods are included in the gross domestic product.
• GDP or Gross Domestic Product is the total value or market value of all the goods and services in a year in a country's economy. Intermediate goods are not included while calculating GDP.
• GDP:
  • GDP's full form is Gross Domestic Product. It is evaluated regularly to account for changing production structure, relative prices, and better recording of economic activities.
  • Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total money value of final goods and services produced in the economic territories of a country in a given year.
  • Non-monetary goods and services (e.g. cooking by a housewife) are not included in GDP calculation.

• Contemporary Currency notes have 15 languages on the panel which appears on the reverse of the note.
• Source - https://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/ic_languagepanel.aspx
• Languages included on the panel are Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Malayalam, Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, and Urdu.
• The Reserve Bank has the sole authority to issue banknotes in India.
• Reserve Bank, like other central banks the world over, changes the design of banknotes from time to time.
• The Reserve Bank has introduced banknotes in the Mahatma Gandhi Series since 1996 and has so far issued notes in the denominations of Rs.5, Rs.10, Rs.20, Rs.50, Rs.100, Rs.500 and Rs.2000 in this series.
• Source - Here

The correct answer is has no intrinsic value.

Explanation

• Fiat money is a government-issued currency that is not backed by a commodity such as gold.
• Fiat money gives central banks greater control over the economy because they can control how much money is printed.
• Most modern paper currencies, such as the U.S. dollar, the British Pound, the euro, the Indian Rupee etc., are fiat currencies.
• One danger of fiat money is that governments can print too much of it, resulting in hyperinflation.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Explanation

Classification of data

• Data classification is the process of analyzing structured or unstructured data and organizing it into categories based on file type, contents, and other metadata.
• Data professionals often have a specific goal when categorizing data.
• Data can be classified as quantitative, qualitative, geographical, and chronological.

Important Points

Quantitative data -

• Data which can be measured numerically in some quantity is called quantitative data.
• For example 100kg, 500ml, 3l, 56 inch etc.

Qualitative data -

• Data which involves some attributes is known as qualitative data.
• For example - beauty, intelligence etc.

Geographical data -

• Data related to some geographical location is called spatial or geographical data.
• For example - india's silk production, sikar's students enrolled in IIT.

The correct answer is Bihar
Explanation
Bihar in population census 2011-

• The population of Bihar has increased by 25.42% in this decade compared (2001-2011)
• Bihar is a State in India with a population of approximately 10.41 Crores.
• The population of Bihar state is 104,099,452.
• The density of Bihar state is 1,106 per sq km.
• Bihar State has spread over 94,163 Sq Km.
• Patna is the most populous district in Bihar having 5,838,465 population.
• Sheohar has the highest population density with 1880 per square km.

Other Related Points
Other states in census 2011-