DSSSB PRT Mock Test - 6 - DSSSB TGT/PGT/PRT MCQ

T is the daughter of R.

The option in which the given figure is embedded when rotation is NOT allowed is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 4’ is the correct answer.

P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, and Z are sitting around a circle facing at the centre not necessarily in this same order.

i) T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Mistake Points

Who is used for the second person in a connecting statement.

For example: 

T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Here, who is used for R and not for T.

ii) S is second to the left of P and fourth to the right of Q.

iii) V who is not an immediate neighbour of P. (This means V cannot sit immediate left or right of P).

iv) Z is third to the right of V 

Thus we can see Z sit second to the right of T.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

From Statement I:
O runs faster than N but slower than L. P runs slower than N but is not slowest runner.
L > O > N > P > M
Here, N is the third faster runner.
From Statement II:
M runs slower than N. L runs faster than N and P. O runs faster than only M.
L > N/P > P/N > O > M
Here, either N or P is the third faster runner.
So, the data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question while the data in Statement II is not sufficient to answer the question.
Hence option A is correct.

Toluene is an aromatic compound. Aromatic compounds are characterized by the presence of a benzene ring or a similar structure. Toluene is often used as a solvent and is an important precursor in the production of many chemicals.

Kozhikode in Kerala and Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh have made it to the prestigious creative cities list of UNESCO for contributions in the fields of literature and music, respectively. The announcement was made by UNESCO on its official website on October 31, which is designated as World Cities Day.

The Odisha government's decision to grant an extra 10 days of casual leave to women government employees is a progressive step towards promoting gender equality and supporting women's well-being in the workplace. This initiative acknowledges the specific needs of women, such as addressing health issues or family responsibilities, by providing them with additional flexibility and time off.

The Quad alliance, comprising the United States, Australia, India, and Japan, is a strategic partnership aimed at enhancing cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region. It focuses on various areas such as security, economic development, and geopolitical stability. The alliance seeks to uphold a rules-based order and promote peace and prosperity in the region.

Hence, Option A is correct.

Using Rule 1 :
1st number × 2nd number = L.C. M. × H.C.F,
Let LCM be L and HCF be H, then L = 4H
∴ H + 4H = 125
⇒ 5H = 125

∴ L = 4 × 25 = 100

Hence, Option D is correct.

Mental Health: the condition of being sound mentally and emotionally that is characterized by the absence of mental illness and by adequate adjustment especially as reflected in feeling comfortable about oneself, positive feelings about others, and the ability to meet the demands of daily life.

Key Points

• Mental health refers to a state of cognitive, behavioural, and emotional well-being in which a person:
  • can carry out goal-directed behaviour
  • can recognize one's own abilities or skills
  • can manage or deal with the pressure of daily life
  • can affect the the way we think, feel and behave.
  • can fully express his thought, emotions and feelings
  • can perform complex tasks effectively and efficiently
  • can remain in harmony with others

Therefore, it can be concluded that Mental health problems can affect the way we think, feel and behave which is most true mental health problems

A rejected child is one who is rejected or disliked by his peers or friends. Rejected children are often aggressive or anxious.

• Parents who do not give their children attention, time, affection, companionship, supervision, discipline, religion, etc. are depriving them of a cozy and secure home.
• This rejection results in attention-seeking behavior, hostility to family members' frustrations, anxieties, or extreme independence.

Key Points

The technique of modeling is introduced by Albert Bandura.

• Bandura (1986) says that the environment also reinforces modeling, whereas contemporary learning theory proposes that both reinforcement and punishment have an indirect effect on learning.
• People are more likely to follow the behaviors modeled by someone with whom they can identify. The more perceived commonalities and/or emotional attachments between the observer and the model, the more likely the observer will learn from the model. This term is known as Modelling.

• A friendly attitude can be displayed through videotape, other children, or puppets in the classroom to the students to ensure that they're modeling a positive example.
• While imitating positive behavior like sharing food with others, respecting elders, greeting everyone, etc. The rejected child will learn positive social behavior and will try to socialize with others in a good manner.

Hint

• To reinforce positive social behavior is not much effective as it is not necessary that they will repeat such behavior more frequently.
• Coaching also will not help much as children should not be bound to imitate something instead they should be encouraged to follow positive social behavior on their own.
• Scolding is never a good option as it may make the child anxious, envious, or depressed.

Hence, it is clear that modeling helps rejected children imitate positive social behavior.

Thinking can be understood as that process where external events of past, present or future are represented internally, and it may also include even a thing or an event that is not directly observed or experienced by the individual. Note that:

• These questions are also known as the convergent questions where the respondents answer in limited ways, like responding in ‘yes’ or ‘no’; underlining the replied among the predefined responses, putting the sign ‘correct’ or ‘incorrect’.
• Factual questions: Questions related to any scientific fact to justify any phenomenon.
• Question-based on pure text is similar to the factual question, they do not promote thinking skills.
• On the other hand, personal response questions also include "how" and "why" along with the factual question, therefore, there is high chances of promoting thinking skills.

Mental hygiene is the practice of trying to maintain mental health through proactive behavior and treatment. Mental health is “one's overall psychological well-being.”

Mental hygiene provides an opportunity for the individual to realize and develop his potentialities to the maximum. It helps us as follows:

• Harmonious development of physical, mental, and spiritual capacities of the individual.
• To develop a positive attitude towards life.
• It is to prevent mental disorders or illnesses.
• Preserve the mental health of the individual in the group.
• It is to discover and utilize therapeutic measures to cure mental illness.
• Rehabilitation of mental disturbance.
• To deal with social problems.

Hence, we can conclude that Creative is the skill of an individual not a Basic aim of mental hygiene.

ICT helps in making things concrete through visuals, which may be animated, and through virtual realities with simulated environments. Within virtual worlds, people act, confront problems, interact, make decisions and try to solve problems. ICT use in education can thus take the learner closer to the authentic context. Key Points

• Students can acquire comprehensive knowledge through the implementation of ICT because they can search for more topics using the tools of ICT which they can't find in the textbooks and in which they have the interest to study and improve knowledge.
• Processing information is one of the important skills in the teaching-learning process, by implementing ICT and ICT tools in education students get nurtured with the ability to process information and also make the best use of information to construct knowledge.
• An innovative learning environment is one of the factors that support students to become young learners and scientists, implementing the ICT and ICT tools in education surrounds the school with a dynamic and innovative learning environment where there will be a shift from teachers centered to learner-centered environment and learner can be considered as a young explorer without being a passive recipient of knowledge from the teacher.
• On the other hand, making students future techno addicts is not at all the main target of ICT implementation in education because making students techno addicts will be the biggest drawback of ICT because if they become technology addicts, they cannot concentrate on any other work and their physical and mental health will also get impacted.

​Hence, it can be concluded that making students future techno-addicts is not the main target of ICT implementation in education.

In psychology, adjustment is the condition of a person who is able to adapt to his physical occupational and social environment.

Key Points

• Adjustment is a popular expression used by people in day to day life. For example, while travelling in a bus Or a train, we often hear or use this term; even when a guest comes to stay with - us for a few days we have to adjust him/her in our house.
• Social adjustment can be defined as a psychological process. It frequently involves coping with new standards and values. In the technical language of psychology, getting along with the members of society as best as one can is called an adjustment.
• Psychologists use the term adjustment of varying conditions of social and interpersonal relations in society. Thus we see that adjustment means reaction to the demands and pressures of the social environment imposed upon the individual.

Hence, it can be concluded that adjustment is concerned with social development.

Oral communication implies communication through mouth. It includes individuals conversing with each other, be it direct conversation or telephonic conversation.

Key Points

• Oral communication is also known as Face-to-face Communication. It is the most effective way to settle disputes between people.
• The oral composition includes speaking up on the ideas and thoughts in a verbal form with proper organization, clarity, and effectiveness.
• It is an effective way of changing one's attitude, beliefs, and feelings. Examples - Staff meetings, presentations, telephone calls, interviews, etc.
• In oral communication what matters most is, how you say it, as -
  • it depends on the speaker's ability to use simple language.
  • it should be easily understandable by both parties.
  • the use of complex words and long sentences must be avoided.
  • the communication process becomes successful only when the message is clearly understood by the receiver. Therefore, such words or languages must be avoided which are unknown to the receiver.

Hence, in oral communication what matters most is, how you say it, as it is important for the listener to understand the main idea of communication.

Vocabulary refers to the set of words an individual uses as a tool for communication. It is a collection of familiar words used or understood by an individual or group of people. There are mainly two types of vocabulary which include Productive/Active and Receptive/Passive vocabulary.

Key Points

Productive Vocabulary: It refers to a word which an individual:

• uses when he/she speaks or writes.
• frequently uses while writing or speaking.
• regularly uses to express his/her thoughts appropriately.

Hence, the words that a child uses as productive vocabulary are the words that he/she uses in writing and speaking.

HintReceptive Vocabulary: It refers to a word which an individual:

• recognizes when he/she hears or sees it.
• understands and comprehends when others use it.
• perceives and retrieves while listening and reading the word.

An open-ended question is a type of question that does not limit respondents to specific options or a fixed set of answers. It encourages individuals to provide detailed and unrestricted responses in their own words.
Key Points

• If the sum of two numbers is 17, then what are the numbers? - This question is open-ended as it allows for multiple pairs of numbers that could add up to 17.
• Respondents have the freedom to provide various combinations.

Hint

• If the sum of two numbers is 15 and one of them is 7, what will be the other number? - This question is specific and has a unique answer. It is a closed-ended question because it limits the possible responses.
• If the age of Anil is 7 years and his father's age is 5 times more than that of Anil's age. What will be the age of the father? - This question is specific and has a clear answer. It is also a closed-ended question.
• What should be added to 17 to get 23? - This question has a specific answer. It is a closed-ended question because it has a clear and unique solution.

Therefore, the open-ended question is 'If the sum of two numbers is 17, then what are the numbers'?

Assessment serves to promote learning by reinforcing the efficacy of teaching-learning when teachers can customize their teaching plans through relevant information on students’ interests, abilities, and learning progress with constant involvement and input from students here are majorly two types of assessment in education. These are- Formative assessments and Summative assessments.

• Summative assessment is a process of knowing the whole performance during a year.

Key Points There are some essential points related to summative assessment-

• Summative assessment is completed after completing the entire syllabus or completing the entire course.
• Formative Assessment is conducted after completion of a chapter or a topic to know the learner's progress and to improve in the portion where he/she lags.
• The summative assessment gives no scope of improvement to learners, instead, it is used to judge students and their progress.
• A summative assessment is conducted at the end of the course.
• Summative assessment collects evidence regarding the learner's knowledge, skill and proficiency.
• The formative assessment is conducted before the summative assessment.
• Summative assessment is the last stage of the course.
• For Example- Mid-term and End-term examinations.

Hence we can say that Summative Assessment is conducted at the end of the course.

Hint

• Tests conducted at the end of every week are formative assessments.
• Tests conducted at the end of every month are formative assessment as it gives chance to students and teachers to improve.
• Tests conducted at the beginning of the academic year are to assess students' weaker and stronger points.

The project method of teaching is one of the modern methods of teaching in which the curriculum content is considered from the child's point of view and is related to his needs and interest in the context of real-life situations.

Key Points

• This method is the outcome of the Pragmatic Educational philosophy of John Dewey, the noted American Philosopher-cum-Educationist.
• This philosophy believes in providing different kinds of rich experiences to children. This method was developed by Dr. William. H. Kilpatrick.
• According to Kilpatrick, a project is a wholehearted purposeful activity proceeding in a social environment.
• It implies that activities in schools need to be closely connected with the child's social life and individual needs.
• The Project method emphasizes active learning by association and mutual co-operation of a group of peers to complete a specific project effectively.

Thus, it is concluded that keeping in mind the individual differences, the creator of the Project Method for the education of the students was Kilpatrick.

Additional Information

• Dalton method was developed by Helen Parkhurst. It is a method where students can learn at their own pace and takes the help of the teacher when required.

Mental health is a state of mental well-being that involves psychological, social, and emotional health and well-being. Mental health involves how an individual thinks, acts, or feels.

• Mental health also helps the individual to cope with stressful situations.

Key Points

• A person with good mental health can assess himself or herself
• He/ she can identify any potential risk factors that need to be acknowledged
• He/ she can also identify strengths and weaknesses to utilize them properly and stay healthy
• A mentally healthy person easily accepts reality and lives it.
• Mentally healthy people have high self-confidence
• They understand their worth and live up to it.
• Mentally healthy people are socially active
• A mentally healthy person effectively deals with stressful situations and bounces back when needed

Thus, it can be concluded that all of the above are correct

Erik Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development

• Erik Erikson has a significant contribution to the theories of personality development.
• The theory of psychosocial development is a well-known theory of Erikson which tries to explain the development of personality which takes place through a series of stages since childhood.

Key PointsAccording to Erikson’s theory of stages of development in Adolescence, the “Role Identity Vs Role confusion” is found as a characteristic of development.

• According to Erikson, persons who fail to develop a sense of identity suffer from role confusion, and uncertainty about who they are, where they are going, and where they belong from?

• At this stage, children explore their independence and develop a sense of self.
• Feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future. If an adolescent resolves this crisis, then a sense of fidelity would develop.
• If they are unable to resolve they develop identity diffusion.

Thus, it is concluded that According to Erickson the Psychosocial critical situation faced by the children during Adolescence is Role identity Vs Role confusion.

Additional Information

• Trust vs. Mistrust occurs at the infancy stage:- If needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust.
• Autonomy vs. Doubt occurs at the early childhood stage:- Toddlers learn to exercise will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities.
• Integrity vs. Despair occurs at the maturity stage- When reflecting on his/her life, the older adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure.

Both statements can be argued to be true to some extent, but they are also broad generalizations and oversimplifications.

Key Points

• The world is destroying itself by making more and more dangerous weapons. The adults disregard their responsibility to save the world and keep it secure for the future.
• The frequent appeals of peace-loving people to stop the race for destructive nuclear power has fallen on deaf ears.
• It is time to stop believing that the possession of destructive weapons makes us safe.
• Weapons kill. Weapons destroy. Weapons have the potential to destroy everyone including those who make them.
• Energy should be harnessed for peaceful purposes to promote human welfare.

Hence, we can conclude that both of the above statements are correct.

Key Points

Technology plays a crucial role in the modern school system by providing additional resources and support for both teachers and students.

• It can enhance the learning experience by offering interactive and engaging tools, such as educational apps and online resources.
• However, it should not replace the importance of teachers and classroom instruction.

Hence, technology provides additional resources and support for teachers and students.

School-community-family partnerships are collaborations between schools, communities, and families aimed at improving education and fostering positive outcomes for students. These partnerships recognize that education is not solely the responsibility of schools but is a shared responsibility among schools, families, and communities.

Key Points

• Newsletters can be an effective tool to support school-community-family partnerships by keeping families informed about school policies, events, and news.
• Newsletters provide an opportunity for schools to share updates and information with families, which can help build trust and strengthen the relationship between the school and the families it serves.
• Statement I, providing an opportunity for families to opt-out of school events, can be a helpful practice but is not directly related to newsletters.
• Statement II, limiting the amount of information shared with families, is not a recommended practice as it can hinder communication and create a lack of transparency.

Therefore, only Statement III is the most appropriate use of newsletters to support school-community-family partnerships.

Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY) seeks to empower adolescent girls, so as to enable them to take charge of their lives. It is viewed as a holistic initiative for the development of adolescent girls.

Key PointsThe primary objective of the Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY) is to improve the overall well-being and development of adolescent girls in India. It focuses on providing them with education, health, and life skills that are essential for their growth and development.

• To provide healthcare services to adolescent girls:
  • Under the KSY scheme, adolescent girls are provided with various healthcare services such as immunization, regular check-ups, anemia control, and menstrual hygiene management. This helps them to maintain good health and prevent diseases.
• To promote awareness about health, hygiene, and family welfare among adolescent girls:
  • The KSY program also aims to promote awareness about health, hygiene, and family welfare among adolescent girls. It conducts various awareness campaigns, workshops, and training programs to educate them on these topics. This helps them to make informed decisions and take control of their lives.
• To provide vocational training to adolescent girls:
  • The KSY scheme also focuses on providing vocational training to adolescent girls. This helps them to acquire skills that can help them to become financially independent. The program offers various vocational courses such as tailoring, embroidery, and handicrafts.
• To provide opportunities for learning life skills, going back to school, help them gain a better understanding of their social environment:
  • Adolescent Girls can benefit from programs that provide them with education and skill-building opportunities.

Hence, we can conclude option 4 is correct.