DSSSB PRT Mock Test - 9 - DSSSB TGT/PGT/PRT MCQ

As per the given information;

Distance between S and P = √(PQ² + QS²)
SP = √(6² + 8²)
SP = √(36 + 64)
SP = √100
SP = 10 km
Hence, S is 10 km in South-East with respect to P.

According to question,
A's weight is twice as much as of B.
1. A = 2B.
B's weight is four and half times as much as of C.
2. B = 4.5C
C's weight is half times as much as of D.
3. C = D/2.
D's weight is half as much as of E.
4. D = E/2.
E weight is less than A but more than C.
5. A > E > C
from 1 and 2
6. A = 2B = 9C
from 6 and 3
7. A = 2B = 9C = 4.5D
from 7 and 4
8. A = 2B = 9C = 4.5D = 2.25E
so from 8 and 5
A > B > E > D > C
So lightest in weight is C.

The key hurdle in the UK-India free trade agreement talks is the UK's demand for increased protection of Geographical Indication (GI) items, such as Scotch whisky and cheeses.

12 + 19 + 23 + 7 + x + 9 + 26 + 13 = 16 × 8
109 + x = 128
x = 128 – 109 = 19
Hence, Option D is correct.

B completes = 100% – 60% = 40% of the work

Hence, Option A is correct.

Hence, Option C is correct.

2222 + .2 + .02 + .002 + .0002 = 2222.2222.

In ∠BOC

⇒ x + y = 80°

⇒ 2x + 2y. = 160°

Also, 2x + 2y + 2z = 180°

⇒ 160° + 2z = 180°

⇒ ∠BAC = 2z = 20°

Since the two horses meet after 200 minutes, they cover 0.5% of the distance per minute
(combined) or 30% per hour. This condition is satisfied only if you the slower rider takes 10
hours (thereby covering 10% per hour) and the faster rider takes 5 hours (thereby covering 20%
per hour).

In a proportion, the product of the first and third terms is equal to the product of the second and fourth terms.
Let's check each option:
(i) x:y::z:x → This doesn't follow the pattern of a proportion.
(ii) x:y::y:z → This follows the pattern of a proportion.
(iii) x:y::z:y → This doesn't follow the pattern of a proportion.
(iv)  x:z::y:z → This doesn't follow the pattern of a proportion.
Therefore, the answer is (b).

The given sentence is in Active voice. Use of 'being' is incorrect as no continuous action is described.

• Lump sum: a single payment made at a particular time, as opposed to a number of smaller payments or installments.
• Strong: having the power to move heavy weights or perform other physically demanding tasks.
• Little: small in size, amount, or degree.
• Huge: extremely large; enormous.
• Massive: exceptionally large.

So, the synonym of Massive is Huge.

Clark's opinion regarding Igna and Otto is stated only in answer choice 2. According to him both of them are same as they depended on other things to initiate their thought process. It can be inferred from the part: 'Andy Clark, a philosopher and cognitive scientist at the University of ... whole range of devices.'
Option 1 is incorrect as it fails to bring forward the motive for which Clark uses this example.
Option 3 is wrong as it contradicts the main idea of this paragraph.
Option 4 has a very narrow scope. It fails to cover the main idea - extendable mind - for which the example was cited.

दिए गए विकल्पों में से विकल्प 3 "सामने जो बड़ा सा मकान है, वह मेरा है।" वाक्य में ‘निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम’ का प्रयोग हुआ है। अन्य विकल्प सही नहीं है ।

Key Points

• "सामने जो बड़ा सा मकान है, वह मेरा है।" वाक्य में ‘निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम’ का प्रयोग हुआ है।
• जिन सर्वनाम शब्दों से किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु की ओर निकटवर्ती अथवा दूरवर्ती संकेत का बोध होता है उन्हें निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम कहते हैं।
  • इनके अंतर्गत यह, वह, इस, उस, ये, वे इत्यादि सर्वनाम शब्द आते हैं
• दिए गए विकल्पों में केवल विकल्प 3 ही निश्चित वाचक सर्वनाम है। इसीलिए वह सामने जो बड़ा सा मकान है, वह मेरा है। सही है।

Confusion Points

• वह एक बार फिर अपने विद्यालय में प्रथम स्थान पर रही।
• वह कहाँ गया है?
• दोनों वाक्यों में वह का प्रयोग तो हुआ है लेकिन निकटवर्ती अथवा दूरवर्ती संकेत का बोध नहीं हो रहा है ,इसीलिए यहाँ निश्चितवाचक सर्वनाम नहीं हुआ है।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर 'जोगन' है।

• 'जोगन' शब्द में महाप्राण व्यंजनों का प्रयोग नहीं हुआ है।
• जोगन' शब्द में अल्पप्राण व्यंजनों का प्रयोग हुआ है।
• अल्पप्राण व्यंजन वह व्यंजन होतें हैं जिन्हें बहुत कम वायु-प्रवाह से बोला जाता है जैसे कि 'क', 'ग', 'ज' और 'प'।
• इनकी संख्या 15 होती है।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

• खीझ, झूठ और घाघ शब्दों में महाप्राण व्यंजनों का प्रयोग हुआ है।

• भाषा विज्ञान में महाप्राण व्यंजन वह व्यंजन होतें हैं जिन्हें मुख से वायु-प्रवाह के साथ बोला जाता है, जैसे की 'ख', 'घ', 'झ' और 'फ'।

Additional Information

(जब - तब) मिश्र वाक्य का योजक चिन्ह है

Piaget (1896 – 1980) was born in Switzerland. Piaget’s theory proposes that Cognitive Development universally follows a pattern of four stages.

Key Points

• According to Piaget's approach, in the sensorimotor stage of emotional development, qualities such as invisible imitation, visual imitation, circular reaction, ossified imitation, object permanence are developed.
• Invisible imitation is the term that Piaget used to describe imitation carried out with parts of the body that one cannot see.
• There are several limitations in ability to think like adults.
• The child can do an action only physically but not mentally. That is the child cannot mentally imagine doing an action or reversing it.

Hence, we can conclude that invisible imitation is the term that Piaget used to describe imitation carried out with parts of the body that one cannot see.

Altruism is a concept that represents a fundamental aspect of human behavior and social interaction.

Key Points

• Altruism refers to the selfless concern and action taken for the well-being and benefit of others, often without expecting anything in return.
• It involves acts of kindness, generosity, and compassion towards others, driven by a genuine desire to help and improve their lives.
• Altruistic individuals prioritize the welfare of others over their own self-interest.
• Altruism is important for building and maintaining social bonds and cohesion within communities and societies. It fosters a sense of trust and reciprocity among individuals and contributes to the overall well-being of a group.

Thus, it is concluded that option 3 is the correct answer.

Key PointsSingle-parent families can face a range of challenges, and some of the common ones include:

• Balancing work and family responsibilities: Single parents often have to juggle their work commitments with their responsibilities as the sole caregiver for their children. This can be challenging, as it may require finding suitable childcare arrangements, managing household tasks, and ensuring quality time with their children.
• Financial hardship: Single-parent families often face financial challenges, as there is typically only one source of income to support the family. This can lead to difficulties in meeting basic needs, such as housing, food, education, and healthcare, which can be stressful for both the parent and the children.
• Higher level of stress: The responsibilities and demands of being a single parent can result in higher levels of stress. Single parents may feel overwhelmed by the need to provide emotional, financial, and practical support to their children without the support of a co-parent.

Thus, it is concluded that I, II and III is the correct answer.

Piaget's view of moral development emphasizes the role of cognitive development in shaping children's understanding of morality.

Key Points

• Piaget's view of moral development is that children's ideas about morality and rules change as they grow and develop cognitive abilities.
• He believed that children's moral thinking develops in stages and that children's understanding of morality becomes more sophisticated as they get older and gain experience with the world.
  • In the first stage of moral development, which Piaget called "Moral Realism" or "Heteronomous Morality," children are focused on the consequences of their actions and how those consequences affect them.
  • In the second stage, which Piaget called "Moral Relativism" or "Autonomous Morality," children begin to understand that rules are social agreements that can be changed if the group agrees.
• He did not view moral development as determined solely by rewards and punishments.

Thus, it is concluded that Only II is correct.

Deafblindness is the combination of significant auditory and visual impairments in a person. Deafblindness leads to a severely disabling condition caused by combined losses in hearing and vision. Children with deaf-blindness have unique educational needs.

Key Points Deafblindness is a unique disability, it has its own methods of assessment and means of education and its own modes of communication, which distinguishes “deafblindness” from deafness and blindness.

Training of the Deafblind:

• The unique learning needs of children who are deafblind or at risk requires that service providers have knowledge of the impact and range of combined vision and hearing loss on learning as well as skills in effective assessment and instruction.
• Children with deaf-blindness can be trained with the help of the auditory-verbal approach, speech reading, sign language training students with hearing impairment can bring into the mainstream.
• The curriculum focus for a child with visual impairment may be more oriented toward building concepts and experiences which can provide a firm cognitive foundation for language.

Note: Blindness may cause by genetic factors. Over 60% of cases of childhood blindness are caused by genetic factors.

Learning can take place in informal learning environments such as family and neighbourhood.

Hence, the above-mentioned points prove that children with deafblindness can be trained.

Cooperative Learning: According to Brody and Davidson, Cooperative learning is a pedagogy that generates a diversified body of methods of instructions, all of which organize students “to work in groups towards a common goal or outcome, or share a common problem or task in such a way that they can only succeed in completing the work through behavior that demonstrates interdependence while holding individual contributions and efforts accountable”.

Key PointsAdvantages of using Cooperative Learning for EVS

• Cooperative learning helps increase students’ ability to appreciate others’ perspectives and viewpoints and helps them develop inter-personnel skills, problem-solving skills, conflict management, as well as decision-making skills.
• A good EVS classroom is based on the local context.
• Cooperative learning also enables learners to react differently, yet appropriately in different situations.
• provide learners the opportunity to explore multiple viewpoints and weigh the prospects and consequences of each of these and debate upon the same.
• Enables the learners to be open towards/draw influences on their understanding of an issue in the changing world.
• Develops analytical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Therefore, It provides learners the opportunity to explore a singular viewpoint is not an advantage of using cooperative learning for Environmental Studies.

The most advanced thought process, creativity, involves the production of uncommon and novel ideas that are highly relevant to the situation. Creativity is defined as something different from intelligence and as a parallel construct to intelligence, but it differs from intelligence in that it is not restricted to cognitive or intellectual functioning or behaviour.

Key Points

Type of creativity

• Expected Creativity is considered an open-type problem and is often seen in art and poetry where the problem is self-discovered.
  • External goal or outcome with self-discovered solutions selected by the problem solvers.
  • For example, students select from a set the particular problems/issues about which they will think creatively and contribute their responses
• Responsive Creativity is the most prevalent form of creativity studied. Individuals do a previously set creativity problem or task and complete it given the external demands and requirements.
• Contributory Creativity: individuals self-determined and based upon a problem clearly formulated by others.
• Proactive Creativity: Individuals think creatively about open-ended issues and problems that interest them. Individuals spontaneously provide creative proposals that were not requested.

Hence, we can conclude that in expected creativity type of creativity is often seen in art and poetry.

The term personality is often understood in terms of social attractiveness. A good personality is considered to impress other people and who has the ability to get on well with others. Those who do not possess such ability are said to have relatively poor personalities.

Important Points

• The behaviours of an individual seem to fit together in a meaningful way. It is to be kept in mind that the nature of behaviours is dynamic and there may occur changes in the organisation and structure of behaviours over a period of time.
• It is in this sense that Allport (1937, 1961), defined personality as the dynamic organisation of traits within the person of the psychophysical systems that determine the unique adjustments to one’s environment. This suggests that there is an inner personality that guides and directs an individual’s behaviour.

Key Points

• Eysenck's viewpoint is personality is hierarchically organised, consisting of types, traits and habits. At the lowest level of Eysenck’s hierarchy are the single responses like action or thoughts.
• According to Henry Murray, ‘Personality is rooted in the brain, the individual’s cerebral physiology guides and governs every aspect of personality.

Hence, we can conclude that Allport has said that personality is the dynamic organisation of traits.

Assertion (A) is false because,

• This is false because children acquire skills, values, and customs from a variety of sources, including their families, peers, communities, and the media.
• Formal schooling is one important source of socialization, but it is not the only one.
• For example, children learn about their culture and values from their families. They learn about social norms and expectations from their peers. They learn about the world around them from the media. And they learn about different skills and talents from a variety of sources.

​Reason (R) is also false,

• Socialization is a complex and lifelong process. It is not a simple, linear process that happens in a single direction.
• Children are constantly interacting with their environment and learning new things.
• They are also constantly being influenced by their peers, their families, their communities, and the media.
• This means that their socialization is constantly evolving.

​Hence, we can conclude that Assertion (A) and Reason (R) both are false.

A child-centered alternative educational system developed by Maria Montessori is the Montessori system. It is specially designed to facilitate the development of intelligence and independence in children.

Key Points

• Maria Montessori, an Italian physician, created the approach by conducting scientific experiments with her students at the beginning of the 20th century.
• This system provides a child-oriented environment where children are stimulated to explore, touch and learn without fear.
• It is mainly meant for children between the ages of three to six, as it is the most sensitive period for a child as he is capable of absorbing information easily from an enriched environment.
• According to Maria Montessori, knowledge of psychology will be useful for teachers as it refers to the scientific study of learners' learning process including learning difficulties, teaching methods, guidance, classroom environment, and learner's maturity.
• Knowledge of psychology helps in understanding the individual differences among learners and devising methods to evaluate them.

Hence, we conclude that according to Maria Montessori, knowledge of psychology will be useful for teachers.

Hint

• Maria Montessori emphasized the importance of understanding the principles of experimental psychology for teachers to effectively engage with their students. However, Montessori's approach was not solely based on experimental psychology, but also on her observations and experiences with children in her own schools. Therefore, option 2 is more comprehensive statement that captures the importance of both knowledge of psychology and practical experience for teachers in Montessori's approach.

Personal Identity:

• It refers to those attributes(External and internal traits) of a person which make his/her unique and give him a different identity.
• For Example, your name and your talent(singer) will make you different from others.

Cultural Identity :

• It refers to identity which reflects the Collective identity based on belongingness to a particular culture.
• For Example: When people belong to a particular culture such as Punjabi, south Indian, and Bengali.

Historical Identity:

• this identity reflects belongingness based on the similar historical past and experiences.
• For example, The effect of colonialism of Europeans over Indians and Africans reflects the common or collective historical identity of colonialism.

Self-concept can be defined as the view one has of herself and her abilities. A child’s self-concept begins to develop at birth. It begins with how adults respond to her. Parents and caregivers create a positive emotional bond with an infant through warm and caring interactions. This positive emotional bond with parents and caregivers promotes a child’s healthy self-concept.

Following are the ways to develop a child's healthy self-concept-

1. Be mindful of the language you use to describe children. Do not label them with words such as ‘lazy’, ‘naughty’, ‘aggressive’ or ‘mean’. Instead, look for and point out your child’s strengths. Establish clear guidelines for behavior.

2. Provide them with opportunities for success.

3. Show your children that you have faith in their goodness and in their abilities. Giving freedom to child to make decision

4. Spend time together. A vital part of having a healthy self-concept is feeling loved and valued. Spend this time doing something fun and enjoyable for both of you, and avoid criticisms or lectures during this quality time.

5. Support your child’s interests. Feeling competent and good at something grows a positive self-concept.

6. Set reasonable rules and enforce them with loving-kindness. When giving consequences, keep your child’s dignity in mind.

7. Help your child to manage his emotions and work out problems. Learning to manage emotions is key to having the ability to step back from a situation and view it objectively.

8 Acknowledge effort and offer encouragement. Communicate unconditional acceptance and love.

Note- Advise to avoid to face problems will develop an escapist attitude in the child, which might reduce their self-confidence and creating a fear of failures. It might also result in low self-esteem. Hence, the proper development of the self-concept of a child will never take place.

• Social constructivism is a learning theory that emphasizes the active role of learners in building their own understanding. The teacher's role in a social constructivist classroom is to facilitate learning by providing resources, asking questions, and scaffolding students' learning.
• Behaviorism, observational learning, and expository teaching are all learning theories that emphasize the role of the teacher in transmitting knowledge to the learner. In behaviorism, the teacher uses rewards and punishments to shape the learner's behavior. In observational learning, the learner observes the behavior of others and then imitates that behavior.
• In expository teaching, the teacher delivers information to the learner in a lecture or presentation format.

Therefore, the learning approach that emphasizes the learning through self-initiated activity by students and balanced facilitation by the teacher is social constructivism.

Mental ill-health refers to a disorder which affects an individual's ability to think, concentrate, behave communicate, etc. It is a variable state which can be diagnosed by proper treatment.

Key Points

Reason for mental ill-health in students:

• Pressure of examination
• Teacher's impartial attitude
• Lack of regular counseling
• Overburdened learning programs
• Negative competitive environment

Instructional Strategies for the Mentally ill Students:

• Play-based learning
• Provide visual stimulate
• Explain task concretely
• Active participation with all

Hence, it could be concluded that 'over burdened learning programs' is a reason for mental ill-health in students.

NOTE: Remaining options are incorrect in the context as they will provide a positive learning environment to learners.