Test: Hockey: History & the World Cup - UPSC MCQ

Modern field hockey originated in England in the late 19th century. It was developed as an outdoor variant of ice hockey and bandy.

The first Men's Hockey World Cup was held in 1971 in Barcelona, Spain. Pakistan emerged as the champions by defeating Spain in the final.

As of 2021, Netherlands has won the Men's Hockey World Cup three times (1973, 1990, and 1998).

The 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup was held in London, England. The host nation, England, finished as the runners-up.

The total duration of a field hockey match is 60 minutes (four quarters of 15 minutes each). 

In field hockey, a "bully" refers to a restart of the game after a minor violation, where two players face each other and tap their sticks together before resuming play.

The first Women's Hockey World Cup was held in 1974 in Mandelieu, France, and Netherlands emerged as the champions.

In a penalty stroke, the striker is allowed to take the ball from the penalty spot, located 5 yards (4.57 meters) from the goal line, and shoot at the goal.

Sohail Abbas from Pakistan holds the record for the most goals scored in Men's Hockey World Cup history, with 27 goals.

As of 2021, Netherlands has won the Women's Hockey World Cup the most number of times, with 8 titles to their name.

Field hockey was introduced at the Olympic Games as a men's competition at the 1908 Games in London. 

A standard field hockey team has 11 players on the field at any given time, including the goalkeeper.

The headquarters of the FIH (International Hockey Federation) is located is in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is the international governing body of field hockey and indoor field hockey

The "D" marked on the field hockey pitch is also known as the "shooting circle." It marks the spot from where penalty corners are taken.

Belgium won the Men's Hockey World Cup in 2018, defeating Netherlands in the final.

The first penalty shootout in the Men's Hockey World Cup was introduced in 1994. It was used to determine the winner in case of a draw in knockout matches.

In field hockey, a "short corner" refers to a penalty corner taken from a closer distance to the goal, increasing the scoring opportunity.

Netherlands has won the most Women's Hockey World Cup titles in consecutive tournaments. They achieved this feat by winning the tournament three times in a row – in 1983, 1986, and 1990.

During a penalty corner situation, a maximum of six players from the defending team (including the goalkeeper) are allowed to be on the field to defend against the attacking team.

The first Men's Hockey World Cup in 1971 was hosted by Barcelona, Spain.