NVS TGT Science Mock Test - 10 - NVS TGT/PGT MCQ

The All India Research Scholars’ Summit (AIRSS) 2024 is being hosted by "IIT Madras" from March 4 to March 7, 2024. This event, organized by the Research Affairs Council of IIT Madras, brings together researchers from diverse disciplines across India to showcase and explore recent advancements in various research domains.

India's election as the First Vice Chair of the FAO COFI Sub-Committee on Fisheries Management after 57 years is a significant achievement, underlining its active engagement in international fisheries management. With over 28 million inland and marine fishers, India holds a prominent position in the global fishing community.

Lion eats deer, cat eats mouse, hawk eats pigeon but pig does not eat piglet.

P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, and Z are sitting around a circle facing at the centre not necessarily in this same order.

i) T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Mistake Points

Who is used for the second person in a connecting statement.

For example: 

T is second to the right of R who is third to the right of P.

Here, who is used for R and not for T.

ii) S is second to the left of P and fourth to the right of Q.

iii) V who is not an immediate neighbour of P. (This means V cannot sit immediate left or right of P).

iv) Z is third to the right of V 

Thus we can see S is immediate left of Z.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

To drag a selected range of data to another worksheet in the same workbook, you can use the Ctrl key. Here's how you can do it:
1. Select the range of data you want to move to another worksheet.
2. Press and hold the Ctrl key on your keyboard.
3. While holding the Ctrl key, click and hold the left mouse button on the selected range.
4. Drag the selected range to the sheet tab of the destination worksheet.
5. Release the mouse button to drop the data onto the destination worksheet.
By using the Ctrl key, you are able to move the selected range of data to another worksheet without losing any formatting or formulas associated with the data.
Remember, the Ctrl key is commonly used for various actions in Excel, such as copying, cutting, and pasting data. It is a handy shortcut that allows you to perform tasks quickly and efficiently.

Answer:
To edit an embedded table object, you can follow these steps:
1. Option A: Clicking the edit sub command of the document object command on the edit menu
- Open the document containing the embedded table object.
- Go to the Edit menu at the top of the screen.
- Select the Document Object command.
- From the dropdown menu, choose the Edit sub command.
- This will allow you to edit the embedded table object.
2. Option B: Double clicking the table object
- Open the document containing the embedded table object.
- Locate the table object within the document.
- Double click on the table object.
- This action will open the table for editing.
3. Option C: Right clicking the table object, then clicking edit document on the edit menu
- Open the document containing the embedded table object.
- Right click on the table object.
- From the context menu that appears, select the Edit Document option.
- This will open the table for editing.
4. Option D: All of these
- You can use any of the above methods to edit an embedded table object.
Remember to save your changes after editing the table object to ensure that the modifications are preserved.

To change the column width to fit the contents in a spreadsheet, you can follow these steps:
1. Double click the boundary to the right of the column heading:
- Position your cursor on the boundary between the column heading and the next column to the right.
- The cursor will change to a double-sided arrow.
- Double click the boundary to automatically adjust the column width to fit the contents of the column.
2. Alternative methods:
- Single-click the boundary to the left of the column heading and drag it to manually adjust the column width.
- Right-click the column heading and select "Column Width" from the context menu. Enter a specific width value or choose "AutoFit" to adjust the width based on the content.
3. Keyboard shortcuts:
- Press and hold the "Alt" key and single-click anywhere in the column to automatically adjust the width to fit the contents.
- Alternatively, you can select the column by clicking the column heading and then press "Alt + O + C + A" to automatically adjust the width.
Remember, adjusting the column width to fit the contents can help optimize the appearance and readability of your spreadsheet.

The stage of the embryo which nearly resembles a human being is called a fetus. Learning starts at fetal stage when a child starts reacting to different stimuli, as the sense organs are developed by this time.
The fetal nervous system starts developing very early in pregnancy. The main subdivisions of the brain are, in a basic form, visible at five gestational weeks. At about gestational weeks 25-29, the fetus is even able to hear internal (e.g. from the maternal gastrointestinal system) and external sounds. So, obviously the fetus gets a vague idea from the external environment through its senses, far before birth. Some studies even demonstrate that fetal heart rate patterns change distinctively, depending on whether the unborn child is exposed to the maternal voice or another female voice.

Questions take learning forward by interactions and lead to conceptual clarity. Thus, students should be encouraged to ask the questions. Question-asking puts advanced cognitive demand on students. It encourages students to think beyond literal questions.

Inertia
Inertia is a fundamental concept in physics that describes an object's resistance to changes in its motion. It is directly related to the mass of an object and plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of objects in motion.
Key Points:
- Sets objects in motion: Inertia is not responsible for setting objects in motion. It is the property of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Once an external force is applied to an object, it overcomes its inertia and sets the object in motion.
- Causes changes in motion: Inertia is the reason why objects continue to move in a straight line at a constant speed in the absence of any external forces. However, if an external force is applied, the object's inertia resists the change, causing the object to accelerate, decelerate, or change direction.
- Is the result of a net force: Inertia is not directly the result of a net force. It is a property of matter and exists regardless of the presence or absence of external forces. However, when a net force acts on an object, it can overcome the object's inertia.
- Is directly proportional to the mass of an object: Inertia is directly related to the mass of an object. The greater the mass, the greater the inertia. This means that objects with larger masses are more resistant to changes in their motion compared to objects with smaller masses.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D: "is directly proportional to the mass of an object."

The force acting on two bodies is inversely proportional to square of the distance between them. Therefore,Fα 1/r².

The correct answer is B because this applies in the case of inertia. if you are travelling on a vehicle you are not doing and movement but the vehicle is moving then at that time you are at rest as well as at motion.

The acceleration due to gravity on earth is given by g = GM/R²

From the above equation, we observe that acceleration is directly proportional to the mass of the earth. So, if the mass of the earth is increased by 25 % and R is kept constant, the value of g will also increase by 25%.

C₂H₄  will give addition reaction because they are connected by double or triple bond and are unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Physical Changes:
A physical change is a change in the state or form of matter without any change in the chemical composition or identity of the substance. In other words, the substance remains the same before and after the change.
Examples of Physical Changes:
A. Burning of a candle:
- This is a chemical change, not a physical change. The candle wax undergoes combustion, which involves a chemical reaction with oxygen to produce heat, light, and various gases.
B. Rusting of iron:
- This is a chemical change, not a physical change. Rusting occurs when iron reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture, forming iron (III) oxide (rust).
C. Freezing of water:
- This is a physical change. When water is cooled below its freezing point, it undergoes a phase change from a liquid to a solid, forming ice. The chemical composition of water (H2O) remains the same.
D. Digestion of food:
- This is a chemical change, not a physical change. Digestion involves the breakdown of complex food molecules into simpler substances through various chemical reactions in the digestive system.
Conclusion:
The freezing of water is the only example mentioned that represents a physical change. The other options involve chemical changes.

The particles of suspension:
- Can be seen with the naked eye. Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid or gas. These particles are usually large enough to be visible to the naked eye.
- Cannot be seen with a powerful microscope. While the particles in a suspension may not be visible under a powerful microscope, they can still be seen without the aid of any magnification.
- Cannot be seen with an electron microscope. Electron microscopes are capable of magnifying objects to a much higher degree than light microscopes, but even they may not be able to visualize the particles in a suspension due to their size and distribution.
- Are larger than the particles in a solution. In contrast to solutions, where the solute particles are evenly distributed and too small to be seen, the particles in a suspension are larger and can settle over time due to gravity.
- Can be separated by filtration or settling. Since the particles in a suspension are larger and more visible, they can be separated from the liquid or gas phase through processes such as filtration or allowing them to settle and then decanting the liquid above.

Two laws are followed in this question.

Examples of Chemical Changes
A new compound (product) results from a chemical change as the atoms rearrange themselves to form new chemical bonds.

• Burning wood
• Souring milk
• Mixing acid and base
• Digesting food
• Cooking an egg
• Heating sugar to form caramel
• Baking a cake
• Rusting of iron

Saturated hydrocarbons contain C-C single bond and on complete combustion they produce large amounts of heat. The cooking gas used in house is Butane (C₄H₁₀) known as LPG or Methane (CH₄) known as CNG.

In order for cells to function and survive, their organelles work together to carry out specific tasks and perform specific roles. Each organelle has its own role that contributes to the survival of the cell. This is called thr Division of labour. 

Anther produces pollen grain while ovary produces egg.

The pancreas contains all kinds of enzymes that can digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

The mentions carbohydrates (such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose), fats, and proteins as potential respiratory substrates. However, vitamins are not specifically highlighted as respiratory substrates in the provided content. Respiratory substrates are essential sources of energy that can be oxidized during the process of respiration to fuel cellular activities.

Reciprocate: To behave or feel towards somebody in the same way as we behave or feel towards you ; give in return

सही उत्तर 'धनात्मक' है।

• दिए गए विकल्पों में, 'ॠणात्मक' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'धनात्मक' है।
• ॠणात्मक का अर्थ: नकारात्मक, अभावात्मक।
• धनात्मक का अर्थ: सकारात्मक।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

Additional Information

• विलोमार्थक शब्द/ विलोम: 'विलोम’ शब्द का अर्थ है- उल्टा या विपरीत।
• समान परिस्थितियों में एक दूसरे का विपरीत अर्थ देने वाले शब्द एक-दूसरे के विलोमार्थक शब्द होते हैं।

दिए गए विकल्पों मेन उचित उत्तर विकल्प 4 ‘नवीन, नूतन’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित हैं।
Key Points

• ‘नव’ का अनेकार्थी शब्द समूह ‘नवीन, नूतन’ है। इसके अन्य शब्द- नया, नौ हैं।
• वाक्य- दुःख नव युग का निर्माण है।

अन्य विकल्प:

Important Points

सही उत्तर 'सरल वाक्य' है।

Key Points

• 'गीता ने कहानी लिखकर पुरस्कार प्राप्त किया।' वाक्य 'सरल वाक्य' है।
• मुख्य रूप से इसमें हम साधारण वाक्य की जानकारी ही प्राप्त कर पाते हैं जिसमें एक उद्देश्य और विधेय होता है और जिसमें कई प्रकार की क्रिया पदों का भी समावेश होता है।

अन्य विकल्प:

Additional Information

• विचार को पूर्णता से प्रकट करनेवाली एक क्रिया से युक्त पद-समूह को 'वाक्य' कहते हैं।
• सरल शब्दों में- वह शब्द समूह जिससे पूरी बात समझ में आ जाये, 'वाक्य' कहलाता हैै।

सही उत्तर संकल्पशील व्यक्ति कठिन परिश्रम द्वारा लक्ष्य प्राप्त कर ही लेते हैं। है।

Key Points

• 'जिन खोजा तिन पाइया, गहरे पानी पैठ' लोकोक्ति का निकटतम सही अर्थ है- संकल्पशील व्यक्ति कठिन परिश्रम द्वारा लक्ष्य प्राप्त कर ही लेते हैं।
  • जिन खोजा तिन पाईया, गहरे पानी पैठ,
  • मैं बपुरा बूडन डरा, रहा किनारे बैठ।
• यदि किसी वस्तु को प्राप्‍त करना है तो उसके लिए प्रयास करना पडता है अर्थात जिस प्रकार मोती प्राप्‍त करने के लिए भय को त्‍यागकर समुद्र की गहराईयों में उतरना पडता है उसी प्रकार किसी भी समस्या के निदान के लिए मनुष्य को पुरुषार्थ करना पड़ता है, भय का त्याग कर के । इस दोहे में कबीर जी मनुष्‍य को आलस्‍य और भय त्‍यागकर पुरुषार्थ करने की प्रेरणा देते हैं।

सही उत्तर 'कारणवाचक' है।

Mistake Pointsसमुच्चयबोधक के भेद-

समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय के 2 भेद होते हैं- (i) समानाधिकरण, (ii) व्यधिकरण
व्यधिकरण के भेद

व्यधिकरण के 4 भेद होते हैं-

• (a) कारणवाचक/हेतुबोधक - क्योंकि, जोकि, इसलिए कि आदि।
• (b) उद्देश्यवाचक- कि, जो, ताकि, इसलिए कि आदि।
• (c) संकेतवाचक- जो-तो, यदि-तो, यद्यपि-तथापि, चाहे-परन्तु, कि आदि।
• (d) स्वरूपवाचक- कि, जो, अर्थात, याने, मानो आदि।

Key Points

• "वह लाचार है, क्योंकि वह अंधा है।" इस वाक्य में कारणवाचक अव्यय है।
• प्रस्तुत वाक्य में कारण बताया जा रहा है कि वह अँधा है इसलिए लाचार है।
• यहाँ 'क्योंकि' कारणवाचक अव्यय है।
• ऐसे शब्द जिसमें लिंग , वचन , पुरुष , कारक आदि के कारण कोई विकार नहीं आता अव्यय कहलाते हैं। यह सदैव अपरिवर्तित , अविकारी एवं अव्यय रहते हैं। इनका मूल रूप स्थिर रहता है , वह कभी बदलता नहीं है जैसे – इधर, किंतु, क्योंकि, जब, तक, इसलिए आदि।

Additional Information

अव्यय के चार भेद माने जाते हैं-

• क्रिया विशेषण
• संबंधबोधक
• समुच्चयबोधक
• विस्मयादिबोधक

Important Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• संकेतवाचक - जो अव्यय संकेत या शर्त एक वाक्य में बताकर दूसरे वाक्य में उसका फल संकेतित करें, उन्हें संकेतवाचक कहते हैं।
• उदाहरण- मैं वहाँ इसलिए गया था ताकि पुस्तक ले आऊँ।
• परिणामवाचक - ऐसे अविकारी शब्द जो हमें क्रिया के क्रिया के परिमाण या उसकी मात्र, संख्या के बारे में बताते हैं वे शब्द परिमाणवाचक क्रियाविशेषण कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे: तुम्हे अधिक खाना चाहिए।
• संबंधवाचक - वे शब्द जो संज्ञा/सर्वनाम को अन्य संज्ञा/सर्वनाम के साथ संबंध का बोध कराते हैं उसे संबंधबोधक अव्यय कहते हैं।
• जैसे- किताबें टेबल पर हैं, उसके बिना मेरा काम नहीं चलता