HSSC TGT Math Mock Test - 8 - HSSC PGT/TGT MCQ

The correct answer is Refrigerators.

Important Points

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing atoms of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. Mostly used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and packing materials, as solvents, and as refrigerants.
• Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are strong ozone-depleting substances. They are widely used in Refrigerator, Air conditioner.
• How they affect the environment:
  • They remain in the atmosphere for a long period of time 
  • They enter the stratosphere from the troposphere, disintegrating slowly by the action of UV radiation and thus releasing Chlorine(Cl) radicals which cause Ozone depletion.
  • One Chlorine atom has the capability to destroy over 4000 molecules of Ozone(O₃) in one month.
• Montreal Protocol-1987
  • The Montreal Protocol is the most effective international environmental treaty to phase out the Ozone Depleting Substances from the atmosphere.
  • Came into force in 1989.
  • It successfully curbed the 98% production of chlorofluorocarbons.
• Kigali Agreement-2016
  • It is an amendment to the Montreal protocol
• Paris Agreement-2015
  • It is an international agreement to combat climate change. 

IT and ICTs are very often interchangeably used in the context of modern technology infrastructure. ICT is a broad and comprehensive term, which comprises information technology and communication technology. Information technology includes radio, television, computer and internet, teleconferencing and mobile technology. 

Key Points

The ICTs are needed at school level for the following activities:

• Teaching-learning
• Diagnostic Testing and Remedial teaching
• Evaluation activities
• Psychological analysis of learners
• Development of reasoning and thinking abilities among students
• Instructional material development

Important Points

• Computer is being used in teaching-learning process frequently now-a-days. We have new tablets like Akash launched by Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Govt. of India. Teacher can be equipped with skills to use these new technologies as students are becoming familiar with them. Use of interactive white boards, digital projectors is very effective ICT application in education. Teachers and students enjoy them. Mobile is also very effective tool.
• Teacher's responsibilities are not only to understand these technologies but also to use them as a helping tool in the teaching learning process. ICT is used for effective teaching process but can not replace teacher's motivation. It is important to motivate students time to time by rewarding, creating learning environment, giving feedback and chances to improve. Teacher can engage and motivate students to participate in classroom activities as the use of multimedia in teaching-learning makes it more interesting.

Hence, it can be concluded that," Teachers Motivation" cannot be replaced by ICT.

The correct answer is Punch marked coins.

• Punch marked coins have been discovered form the mounds of Hisar and Agroha.

Key Points

• A collection of coins was found from the site, including 4 Indo Greek, one punch-marked and 51 other coins from Agrodaka.
  • The discovery of coins of Agraya Janapada (Republic) during excavation and its ancient name in literature as Agrodka is sufficient to prove it as the headquarters of a republic.
  • The site was excavated in 1978-84 by Mr. PK Sharan and Mr. JS Khatri of the Department of Archeology and Museums, Government of Haryana.
  • Apart from the residential and community houses, made of baked bricks, the remains of a Buddhist stupa and a Hindu temple existing side by side indicated co-existence and respect of communal harmony.

Additional Information

• The city of Hisar was founded by a Muslim ruler Firoz Shah Tughlaq in 1354 AD.
  • 'Hisar' is an Arabic word which means 'fort'.
  • The city which we know today as 'Hisar' was originally called 'Hisar Firoza (Hisar-e-Firoz)' or in other words 'Fort of Firoz'.
  • But as the days passed, the word 'turquoise' was dropped from its original name.

• Chautang river originates from the foothills of Shivalik in Himachal Pradesh.
• It serves as the seasonal river in Haryana.
• According to vedic age it was termed as Drishadvati river where Indus-Sarasvati civilization grew.

The correct answer is Palwal.​Key Points

As per the Haryana State forest report 2021,

• Palwal (13.56 sq km) is the district with the least forest area in Haryana.
• The lowest forest area in Haryana 'second district Panipat (16.45 Sq. Km.)
• The lowest forest area in Haryana is the third district, Fatehabad (18.49 sq.km).
• The district with the highest forest percentage in Haryana is Panchkula (43.66%).

Additional Information

• India State of Forest Report (ISFR):
  • Ministry for Environment, Forests and Climate Change releases the ISFR.
  • It is a biennial publication of the Forest Survey of India (FSI).
  • The report assesses the forest and tree cover, bamboo resources, carbon stock, forest fires and various other parameters.
• Bhupender Yadav currently holds the portfolio of the Ministry for Environment, Forests and Climate Change.

The correct answer is Narendra Yadav.

Key Points

• Over four years after two Haryana mountaineers Narender Singh Yadav and Seema Rani claimed to have reached the top of Mount Everest, Nepal’s Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation (MoCTCA), cancelled the summit certificate issued to them.
• Narendra Yadav is from village Nehrugarh in Rewari district.
• An investigation by the ministry concluded both Yadav and Rani had lied because the evidence, including photographs, didn’t add up.
• Last year Yadav was recommended for the Tenzing Norgay Award, the highest adventure sports honour in India.
• Both Yadav and Rani had violated regulations under the Nepal Tourism Act, 1978.

Additional Information

Other mountaineers from Haryana are:

• Sunita Singh Choken - climbed Mount Everest in 2011.
• Shivangi Pathak - At the age of 16, she became the youngest person to climb the world's highest peak.
• Mamta Sodha - climbed Mount Everest in 2010.
• Santosh Yadav - She is the first woman to climb Mount Everest twice.

The correct answer is Rani Rampal.

Important Points

• Rani Rampal is an Indian field hockey player from Haryana.
• She was the first female hockey player to have won the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award.

Key Points

• She is currently the Captain of the Indian Women's Hockey Team.
• The Indian women’s Hockey team captain Rani Rampal is the World Games Athlete of the Year 2019, thus becoming the first-ever hockey player to win the prestigious World Games Athlete of the Year Award.
• In 2020 the Government of India honoured her with the Padma Shri.
• Rani played in the Champion's Challenge Tournament held in Kazan, Russia in June 2009 and powered India to a win by scoring 4 goals in the finals.
• At the age of 15, she was the youngest player in the national team which participated in the 2010 World Cup.

Additional Information

• List of all the sportsperson​ 2021

The correct answer is ​Sirajudaula.

Key Points

Battle of Plassey -

• It is a battle fought between the East India Company force headed by Robert Clive and Siraj-Ud-Daulah (Nawab of Bengal).
• The rampant misuse by EIC officials of trade privileges annoyed Siraj.
• The continuing misconduct by EIC against Siraj-Ud-Daulah led to the battle of Plassey in 1757.
• In 1757, when Sirajudaula was defeated in the Battle of Plassey, East India Company decided to build a new fort, one that could not be easily attacked.
• Hence the correct answer is option 3.
• Calcutta had grown from three villages called Sutanati, Kolkata and Govindapur.
• The Company cleared a site in the southernmost village of Govindapur and the traders and weavers living there were asked to move out.
• Around the new Fort William, they left a vast open space which came to be locally known as the Maidan or garer-math.

Additional Information

• Mir Qasim Nawab of Bengal was defeated in the Battle of Buxar.
• Mir Jafar became the Nawab of Bengal after the Battle of Plassey, he gave the British to become the Nawab.

The correct answer is Compulsory Ahead or Turn Right.

Key Points

• Compulsory Ahead or Turn Right:
  • Indicates the direction of movement as taken from the position of the installation of the sign.

Additional Information 

• Compulsory Ahead:
  • This sign indicates the traffic should move in a straight direction and turning to either side would lead to penal action and a safety hazard.

• Compulsory Turn Right:
  • Indicates the track to be lawfully taken & direction of movement as taken from the position of the installation of the sign.
  • It is used on the Central Island of a roundabout.

• Pass Either Side:
  • Used to show that drivers passing either side will reach the same destination.
  • Mostly used on traffic islands, usually on one-way roads.

The correct answer is Spark ignited.

Key Points

• CNG engines are Spark ignited.
• Compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicles operate much like gasoline-powered vehicles with spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
• Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a fuel gas composed of methane (CH4).
• CNG plays an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from vehicles.
• It is very environmentally friendly and helps to reduce air pollution.

Additional Information

• Hot spot ignition engine:
  • ​The hot spot ignition engine is any unwanted overheated area inside the engine combustion chamber that dramatically effects the efficiency of the engine.
• Compression ignition:
  • It is an internal-combustion engine in which high temperature is produced by compressing air in the cylinder before the admission of the fuel.

A variety of ways and approaches to organising a social studies curriculum have been tried out. Each one of these has some limitations and strengths. It is the responsibility of the teacher to ensure the achievement of objectives according to learners' needs, age level as well as societal and national-international demands. Rigidity in organising the curriculum in a singular manner will generate an imbalance in achieving the goals earlier stated. The following section will focus on the various approaches of curriculum organisation of social studies and the governing factors in adopting alternative approaches too.

Key Points Integrated Approach:

• It responds to the changing nature of the scientific study. An integrated approach can design the instruction in consonance with children's stages of mental growth.
• Secondly, it is more likely to maintain focus on enhancing individual goals and promoting social goals. Thirdly, advances in scientific knowledge have broken boundaries between traditional academic disciplines and new disciplines.
• For example, areas such as political behaviour, economic history and cultural geography have taken the place of old singular disciplines, and new fields of studies like population studies, environmental studies, global studies, etc., have emerged and they draw their content from various traditional disciplines. Hence, the integrated approach is being justified on the above grounds.

Integration in the organisation of content can be achieved in many ways but at least three alternatives that are significant should be noted:

• Integrating while preserving discipline identification
• Integration through social science concepts and generalisations
• Integration through unification

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the objective can be fulfilled by an integrated approach. 

Maintaining discipline in the classroom is one of the important task which should be done by the teacher during teaching learning process because indiscipline in classroom may cause disturbance for all the students and even the students which who are in the other classrooms also.Key Points

When I see some students are deliberately trying to break the discipline of the class by doing mischief I will

• Teach them some moral values and teach them disciplined behaviour and also specify the disadvantages of indiscipline behaviour and mischief.
• Closely follow them and find out the reasons for their indiscipline behaviour and mischief and try to solve them in their own way.
• Will give them an opportunity to introspect and improve their behaviour after teaching them some moral values and making them change their path regarding their behaviour.
• Design interesting and curious activities for this kind of student so that they stop the mysterious behaviour and divert their concentration towards learning.

Hence I will give them an opportunity to introspect and improve their behaviour.

The teaching-learning process is aimed to bring permanent change in the behavior of an individual (knowledge, skill, and attitude) that can be acquired consciously.

• It involves planning and execution of several activities and experiences to bring the desired outcomes.
• If the outcomes are not achieved as per expectations or much lower than that it is considered as the "failure" of the system.

Important Point

The collaborative teaching-learning process is a synchronized process in which students attempt to learn something together.

• They work as a team that develops the team spirit, feeling of collaboration, and make them good communicators as well.
• The use of a collaborative learning approach will help a teacher to develop social interdependence and participation among students and will help in removing the communication gap among students.

Key Points 

Therefore, it is concluded that programmed learning does not come under the collaborative teaching-learning process.

Assessment is a process of collecting, receiving, and using data for the purpose of improvement in the learning process.

• Assessment is a systematic way of collecting information to make a judgment about student learning.
• It is integral to the teaching-learning process which helps in facilitating student learning and improving instruction.

Important Points

There are mainly two types of assessment:-

Hint

• To know children's progress, assessment for learning can be utilized and to know the achievement level, assessment of learning can be utilized.

Hence, it could be concluded that teacher can utilize both assessment for learning and assessment of learning to know children's progress and achievement level.

Teacher Education

• Teacher Education programs produce teachers, who in turn educate generations of pupils and students.
• Teachers who transform the knowledge and skills acquired in school, college, or university during the rest of their lives and work.
• It is an education program which has the policies, procedures, and provision designed to equip teachers with the knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills a teacher require to perform tasks effectively in the classroom, school, and wider community.
• The 4-D's
  • DISCOVERY: It involves Identification and appreciation of what works.
  • DREAM: It involves Imagining what might be.
  • DESIGN: It involves Developing systems, structures leveraging the best of what was and what might be.
  • DESTINY: It involves Implementing or delivering the proposed design.

Competency-Based Model:

• A competency model is a guideline developed by a Human Resource department that sets out the specific skills, knowledge, and behavioral requirements that enable an employee to perform their job successfully.

Hence, From the above-explained points, we can conclude that The four ‘D’ model of a dream, discover, design, and deliver the best fit with the competency-based model of teacher education. It enables the student teacher to make decisions by exploring and discovering. The 4 -D's help in creating an environment of proving, exploring, and discovering one's abilities.

Additional Information

Concept Attainment model:

• The Concept Attainment model is an instructional strategy founded on the works of Jerome Bruner. 
• Built on the principle of concept formation, the Concept Attainment model promotes student learning through a process of structured inquiry.
• The model helps students to understand and learn concepts by identifying attributes or key features through a process of analysis, comparison, and contrasting examples. 
• Two sets of examples are used in this strategy – Yes (examples that have attributes of the concept) and No (examples that do not have attributes of the concept) examples.

Inquiry oriented teacher education model:

• The inquiry is the systematic, intentional study of one's own professional practice. It is a stance, a way of learning about teaching and from teaching, and genuine inquiry is conceptualized as a transformative force for teacher development, student learning, and school change.
• The conceptual scholarship on inquiry-oriented teacher education is extensive, and over the last 25 years, a growing number of teacher education programs around the world are describing themselves as inquiry-oriented.

​The jurisprudence model used principally in analyses of individual values regarding domestic laws helps to explain these beliefs.

Learners face significant difficulties in acquiring and rising their abilities in speaking, acquiring and their abilities for speaking, listening with understanding, reading, writing, paying attention, and motor abilities disabilities.

Key Points Speech disorders may range from problems with expression or voice strength to complete voicelessness, chronic hoarseness, stuttering, or stammering, defect in pronunciation, defect in speaking sentences correctly, slurring, and lisping.

• Speech difficulties can also be associated with cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, and brain injury.
• Children with speech difficulties may have difficulty understanding and have difficulty in expressing ideas.
• Mental Retardation hearing Impairment and behavioral disorders may cause delayed speech.
• Auditory and speech training will be given to the child in the resource room.
• Avoid criticizing them for speaking faulty language. They should be gently encouraged to speak correctly.
• Use linguistic scaffolding techniques that involve a series of questions.
• Most such defects can be cured if early action is taken.
• Teachers should focus on interactive communication.

Thus, it is concluded that depletion of energy is not a common speech disorder in childhood.

8a³ + b³+ 12a²b + 6ab²
8a³ + b³+ 12a²b + 6ab²
= (2a)³ + (b)³ + 3(2a)(b) (2a + b)
= (2a + b)³ | Using Identity VI
= (2a + b)(2a + b)(2a + b)

the angle subtend at center is double of the angle at the arc

so:    2x=80

so x=40 

The number of relations between sets can be calculated using 2^mn where m and n represent the number of members in each set.
So, number of relations from A to B is 2^6.

Let X be a random variable assuming values x1, x2,....,xn with probabilities p1, p2, ...,pn, respectively such that  Mean of X denoted by μ is defined as: 

3sinxy + 4cosxy = 5
⇒ 5(3/5 sinxy + 4/5 cosxy) = 5 
⇒ (3/5 sinxy + 4/5 cosxy) = 1
now (3/5)²+(4/5)² = 1
    so let, 3/5 =   cosA
             ⇒ 4/5 = sinA
So , (3/5 sinxy + 4/5 cosxy) = 1
     ⇒ (cosAsinxy + sinAcosxy) = 1
     ⇒ sin(A+xy) = 1
     ⇒ A + xy = 2πk + π/2 (k is any integer)
     ⇒ sin⁻¹(4/5) + xy = 2πk + π/2
     differenciating both sides with respect to x
   0 + xdy/dx + y = 0
      dy/dx = -y/x

As per question, we have,
p = ab² = a × b × b
q = a³b = a × a × a × b
So, their Least Common Multiple (LCM) = a³ × b²

"The distance between the origin and the coordinates (2, 3) is

Square root of (2 – 0)^2 + (3 – 0)^2

Square root of 2^2 + 3^2

Square root of 4 + 9

Square root of 25

Hence 5 will be the total distance between the coordinates and origin.

In case of x-axis we will only consider the value of y coordinate that is 3.

Let radius of the circle berunits.
∴ Area of the circle = Circumference of the circle 

Let the coordinates of midpoint C(x,y) of the line segment joining the points A(−2,3) and B(4,−5).

The two curves meet where;

Therefore, the two curves meet where x = 9.
Therefore,required Area:

 In set theory, if A and B are sets, then the union of A and B , written A ⋃ B, is {x: x ∈ A or x ∈ B}. By asserting that x ∈ A or x ∈ B, we do not exclude the possibility that x is a member of both A and B. Further, if the same object/element is member of both A and B, then that element is counted only once in the new set formed by the union of A and B.
Given, A = {1,2,3,4} and B = {4,5,6,7,8}.
∴ By definition, A ⋃ B = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}

The probability of an event is a number describing the chance that the event will happen. An event that is certain to happen has a probability of 1. An event that cannot possibly happen has a probability of zero. If there is a chance that an event will happen, then its probability is between zero and 1.

Examples of Events:

• tossing a coin and it landing on heads
• tossing a coin and it landing on tails
• rolling a '3' on a die
• rolling a number > 4 on a die
• it rains two days in a row
• drawing a card from the suit of clubs
• guessing a certain number between 000 and 999 (lottery)

Suppose that the Reqd. Limit L = lim x→0 (sinx − x)/x³.
Substiture x = 3y , so that, as x→0 , y→0.
∴ L = lim y→0 sin3y − 3y/(3y)³,
= lim y→0 (3siny − 4sin3y)− 3y)/27y³,
= lim y→0 {3(siny − y)/27y³) − (4sin³y/27y³)},
⇒ L = lim y→0 1/9 * (siny − y)/y³) − 4/27* (siny/y)³...(∗)
.Note that, here,
= lim y→0(siny − y)/y³)
= lim x→0 (sinx−x)/x³) = L.
Therefore, (∗) ⇒ L = 1/9*L − 4/27
or,  8/9L = −4/27
Hence, L = −4/27*9/8
=−1/6