HP TET TGT Medical Mock Test - 6 - HP TET MCQ

Cognition is defined as the act of gaining knowledge through senses, thought and know-how.

For studying a map, the knowledge of distances, places and directions are very important. So, if a teacher has the knowledge of these factors, she can easily make the students understand maps.

Teachers who work under School-Based Assessment observe students minutely daily to assess their values and attitudes.
Assessment is a process that is embedded in a teaching-learning process. It starts with planning the assessment programmes and ends with the final feedback given to the students. It is necessary to assess the student's strengths and weaknesses, skills, etc. of the students.
Hence, this is the correct answer.

According to the theory of social learning of Albert Bandura, Modelling is a way through which behaviour is learned. Modelling is an activity where a child learns behaviour by imitating and copying the behaviour of others. When a child observes the behaviour of any person and then tries to copy or imitate that behaviour that means he is modelling the behaviour. Hence, the correct answer is, 'Modelling is a principal way for children to learn.'

Factor 'g' is associated with intelligence. This factor was first proposed by Charles Spearman.

If balanced, then to balance charge
x = - 1

Since the reagent is BaCl₂(aq), displacement reaction will take place. The resulting solution, if insoluble in water, will form a white precipitate. Both BaNO₂ and BaCl₂ are soluble in water and hence will not form a precipitate. BaSO₄, however, is insoluble in water and hence forms a white precipitate.

In lead-acid storage battery, specific gravity of H₂SO₄ changes and water is to be added periodically. In maintenance free battery calcium-containing lead alloy that prevents the electrolytic decomposition of H₂O. These batteries are sealed and no maintenance is required

Cell reaction

also we have

Hence for cell reaction

In fixation, the first stage of the Calvin cycle, light-independent reactions are initiated; CO₂ is fixed from an inorganic to an organic molecule. In the second stage, ATP and NADPH are used to reduce 3-PGA into G3P; then ATP and NADPH are converted to ADP and NADP⁺, respectively.

Funaria, commonly known as the bonfire moss, is a type of moss that primarily grows in areas with a lot of moisture. It belongs to the Bryophytes group of plants which are known for their dependency on water for the process of fertilization.

• The reason for this dependency lies in the nature of the fertilization process in Funaria. Unlike many other plant species, Funaria produces motile sperm cells, which need a medium to travel and reach the egg cell for fertilization. This medium is usually water.
• When the Funaria plant is ready for fertilization, the male gametophyte produces sperm in a structure called the antheridium.
• The female gametophyte, on the other hand, produces eggs in a structure known as the archegonium.
• When water is present, the antheridia release the sperm which swim through the water to the archegonia, where fertilization occurs. This results in the formation of a zygote, which eventually grows into a new plant.

Therefore, water is absolutely necessary for the process of fertilization in Funaria. Without it, the sperm would not be able to reach the egg, preventing the continuation of the species.

So, the statement "Funaria requires water because fertilization occurs in water only" is accurate.

Note: This does not mean that Funaria is a hydrophyte, a plant that grows only in water. Funaria can grow in various moist habitats but it needs water for the process of fertilization. Also, while all plants require water for various life processes, Funaria's need for water is particularly critical for its reproductive process.

C4 plants are adapted to hot and dry climate regions. Sugarcane, Maize, Sorghum, etc., are the examples of C4 plants. In these plants, the Calvin cycle occurs in the bundle-sheath cells. C4 plants have a special type of anatomy called Kranz anatomy. They can tolerate higher temperatures because of Kranz anatomy. 'Kranz' means wreath and is a reflection of the arrangement of cells. Kranz anatomy is characterized by having a large number of chloroplasts, grana are absent, thick walls impervious to gaseous exchange and no extracellular spaces.

Lumen of thylakoid sacs is the site of photolysis of water.
The photolysis of water occurs during light reaction. The site for occurrence of photolysis is thylakoid lumen. The photolysis of water releases protons, which accumulate in the lumen and contribute to the electrochemical gradient of protons. The electrons released are used up to fill the electron hole in the reaction centre of PSII and oxygen molecule is released as a by product of photosynthesis. 

Cytokinin is added to culture medium to induce cell division and cell differentiation. If cytokine is not added to culture medium, there will be very little growth in culture.

Like other plants, the embryonic development in bryophytes begins with the process of fertilization. This involves the fusion of male and female gametes, which are produced in the antheridium and archegonium respectively.
 

Role of Archegonium

• The archegonium is the female sex organ in bryophytes, and it is where the female gametes or eggs are produced.
• After fertilization, the zygote remains in the archegonium and begins to divide and grow into an embryo.
• This process takes place within the protective structure of the archegonium, which provides a suitable environment for the developing embryo.

Answer: (b)

• In bacterial cell, a well defined membrane-bound nucleus is not found, i.e., nuclear membrane, nucleolus and chromosomes, like a typical eukaryotic cell, are absent. It contains a single chromosome, consisting of a ringed or circular DNA filament associated with a small amount of RNA and non-histone proteins.

Like all viruses, phages are simple organisms that consist of a core of genetic material (nucleic acid) surrounded by a protein capsid. The nucleic acid may be either DNA or RNA and may be double-stranded or single-stranded.
Fungi are eukaryotes and have a complex cellular organization. As eukaryotes, fungal cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus where the DNA is wrapped around histone proteins. A few types of fungi have structures comparable to bacterial plasmids (loops of DNA).
The genetic material of bacteria is DNA. Bacterial viruses (bacteriophages or phages) have DNA or RNA as genetic material. The two essential functions of genetic material are replication and expression.

• Trophoblasts project chorionic villi into the endometrium to derive nutrition from the uterine wall.
• The uterine tissue, in turn, surrounds it along with the blood vessels.
• These two tissues interdigitate to form the placenta.

Cytoplasmic matrix is often differentiated into outer gel part called as ectoplasm and inner sol part called as endoplasm. In a living cell, the endoplasm is usually in perpetual motion called as cyclosis or cytoplasmic or protoplasmic streaming. 

Intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) is a measure of the inherent potential of a population to grow.

The intrinsic rate of natural increase refers to the rate at which a population grows under ideal conditions, assuming unlimited resources and without any limiting factors such as predation, competition, or environmental constraints. It is a measure of the population's ability to reproduce and survive.

• Birth rate (option b) refers to the rate at which individuals are born in a population.
• Death rate (option c) refers to the rate at which individuals die in a population. While these factors are important in determining population dynamics, the intrinsic rate of natural increase specifically measures the potential for population growth under optimal conditions.
• Carrying capacity (option d) refers to the maximum number of individuals that an environment can sustainably support based on the available resources.

The state of Himachal Pradesh, situated in the northwest corner of India, abounds in songs and dance forms. Jhoori is a type of song that celebrates extramarital romance. The word means lover. It is popular in Mahasu and Sirmaur, and is accompanied by a female dance called jhoomar. The word 'Jhoori' itself literally means lover, beloved or sweetheart.

Pankaj Arjan Advani is an Indian billiards and former professional snooker player.

New York Declaration on Forests:

Spurred by the UN Secretary General’s Climate Summit in September 2014, the New York Declaration on Forests is a political declaration that brings together governments, companies and civil society actors including indigenous peoples organizations with the common aim of halving the loss of natural forests by 2020 and striving to end it by 2030. So, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

The New York Declaration on Forests is a non-legally binding political declaration. So, statement 3 is incorrect.

The Declaration is currently endorsed by over 200 entities including more than 50 governments, more than 50 of the world’s biggest companies, and more than 50 influential civil society and indigenous organizations. So, statement 4 is correct.

India is not a signatory of the declaration. So, statement 5 is incorrect.

Golden rice is a variety of rice (Oryza sativa) produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, in the edible parts of rice.

Following are the important points related to Golden rice:

• Golden rice is different from its parental strain due to the addition of three beta-carotene biosynthesis genes to the Golden rice.
• These included two genes from the daffodil plant and a third from a bacterium.
• Researchers used a plant microbe to ferry in the genes into the plant cells.

16th September 1994 is designated as World Ozone Day by the U.N. General Assembly.

United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 16 September the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer to commemorate the date of the signing, in 1987, of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

In 1809, Maharaja Ranjit Singh defeated the Gorkha forces.

The Gorkhas, a martial tribe came to power in Nepal in the year 1768. They consolidated their military power and began to expand their territory. Gradually the Gorkhas annexed Sirmour and Shimla hill states. With the leadership of Amar Singh Thapa, Gorkhas laid siege to Kangra. They managed to defeat Sansar Chand, the ruler of Kangra, in 1806 with the help of many hill chiefs. However, the Gorkhas could not capture the Kangra fort in 1809 due to defeat from Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

The dialect spoken in Bilaspur district of H.P is Kahluri. Bilaspuri or Kahluri is a language spoken in northern India, predominantly in the Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh and in the Rupnagar district of the Punjab state. It is associated with the people of the former princely state of Bilaspur in the Panjab Hills. Kahluri is classified as one of the varieties of the Western Pahari language group. However, Kahluri is listed as Punjabi in the census.

Foreign Trade Policy 2023: Four new towns, namely Faridabad, Mirzapur, Moradabad, and Varanasi, have been designated as Towns of Export Excellence (TEE) in addition to the existing 39 towns. The government is introducing a special one-time Amnesty Scheme under the FTP 2023 to address default on Export Obligations. FTP 2023 codifies implementation mechanisms in a paperless, online environment, building on earlier 'ease-of-doing-business' initiatives.

Self-assessment provides students with an opportunity to self-evaluate or make judgements about their learning process and products of learning, based on criteria that they have agreed on with their teacher.

Self-assessment in EVS can be considered as:

• Assessment as learning begins only when students become aware of the goals of instruction and the criteria for performance and strive to achieve the goals. In the process they get involved in goal-setting, monitoring their progress, and reflecting on results.
• Learning about learning happens when a child realises that the process and the method he/she is following to learn different concepts is wrong, then the child realises mistake and changes the process where learning about learning happens. Here also self-assessment is involved.
• Judgements about achievements and the outcome of learning provide an opportunity to self-evaluate or make judgements about their learning process and products of learning, based on criteria that they have agreed on with their teacher.