Kerala SET Paper 1 Mock Test - 5 - KTET MCQ

Otto von Bismarch played a vital role in the unification of the German Empire.

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
PIL stands for Public Interest Litigation, which is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court for the protection of public interest or the enforcement of legal rights. It is an important tool in promoting social justice, holding authorities accountable, and ensuring access to justice for marginalized groups. Here are the key points about PIL:
1. Definition: PIL is a legal action initiated by an individual or a group of individuals, acting in the interest of the public, to seek justice, protect fundamental rights, and address issues of public concern.
2. Scope: PIL can be filed in various areas such as environmental protection, human rights violations, consumer protection, corruption, gender equality, public health, and more. It allows citizens to challenge unconstitutional laws, government policies, or administrative actions.
3. Access to Justice: PIL provides an avenue for individuals who may not have personal standing or resources to approach the court. It helps in bridging the gap between the marginalized sections of society and the justice system.
4. Role of Courts: Courts play a crucial role in PIL cases by intervening in matters of public importance and issuing directions or guidelines to the government or other authorities to enforce constitutional rights and fulfill public obligations.
5. Public Interest: PIL focuses on issues that affect a large section of society or have a significant impact on public welfare. The court evaluates the merit of the case based on the public interest involved.
6. Judicial Activism: PIL has been instrumental in promoting judicial activism, where the courts proactively engage in social issues and policy matters to protect citizens' rights and ensure good governance.
In conclusion, PIL, which stands for Public Interest Litigation, is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court in the interest of public welfare. It plays a vital role in promoting social justice, accountability, and access to justice for marginalized groups.

A good teacher is that who has mastery over his/her subject and is sociable.
Good teachers need to know their craft. In addition to the methodology of teaching, one needs to master the subject area. Successful educators stay curious.
Teachers' social and emotional skills are important in helping them avoid burnout, increase well-being, and create a positive learning environment.

Argument I is weak because it is not relevant to context. Argument II is strong because it gives a 'valid' reason that supports the question of giving importance to other sports than cricket only. So, option (2) is the correct answer.

Given:
Total number of players participating in cricket from Canada, Spain and USA
= 80+70+60 = 210
Total number of players participating in Football from India, UK and Australia
= 65+70+90 = 225
Total number of players participating in cricket from Canada, Spain and USA and in football from India, UK and Australia
= 225+210 = 435
∴ The total number of players is 435.

According to the information given in the question, we can draw the following diagram.

Thus we can see if a man has to travel to point E from point A  (through these points by the shortest distance), he has to follow a path point A → B → F → E.

Thus travelling from point A, he will pass the first point B.

Hence, the correct answer is "Point B".

Secondary sector include industries those transform the raw mateial to a finished product whereas tertiary doesn't change the product.They only facilitate the delivery of product efficiently and effectively

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. Windows and UNIX are the examples of Operating system.

Forests are called biological hotspots because of the large numbers of life forms including flora and fauna that are found there.

In order to control and maintain the German society, along with the existing general police force and e SA or Storm Soldiers, the special surveillance and defense units like the Gestapo (secret state police), the criminal police, the Security Service (SD) and SS (the protection units)were formed. But the most feared protection unit of the Nazi state was the Gestapo. This unit had the power to review cases of treason, spying, sabotage and illegal attacks on the Nazi Party and Germany.  

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the basic communication language or protocol of the internet. So, it is necessary to connect to the internet.

ATM is an example of tertiary sector which is also known as service sector. ATM is a machine whose full name is Automated Teller Machine. It was invented in 1960 by John Shepherd - Barron.

According to the NAM, the primary priority for poor nations was economic development, not military strength.

The statement "D) Its tributaries are the Tungabhadra and Musi" is not correct. The Narmada River's tributaries include the Tawa, Barna, and Banjar, but not the Tungabhadra and Musi, which are tributaries of the Krishna River.

The correct answer is A and R both are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Points

Trees as a shelter for animals:

• Trees provide shelter and food for a variety of birds and small animals, such as squirrels and beavers.
• Enhancing growth diversity, trees create an environment that allows the growth of plants that otherwise would not be there.
• Flowers, fruits, leaves, buds, and woody parts of trees are used by many different species.
• Deforestation can directly lead to biodiversity loss when animal species that live in the trees no longer have their habitat, cannot relocate, and therefore become extinct. 

Deforestation can lead certain tree species to permanently disappear, which affects the biodiversity of plant species in an environment.

Hence, the reason is also correct.

Important Points

Human activities that influence the extinction and endangerment of wild species fall into a number of categories:

• ​Land use practices like Deforestation, Projects in urban and suburban development, agriculture, and water management projects that encroach upon and destroy natural habitats.
• Unsustainable hunting and harvesting result in higher rates of death than new individual recruitment.
• Ecological damage caused by water, air, and soil pollution.
• Anthropogenic (human-caused) global climate change.
• ​According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, The forest and tree cover in the country is estimated at 80.73 million hectares, which is 24.56 percent of the total geographical area.​

Additional Information

The International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN):

• For the purposes of conservation, the IUCN has divided the threatened plant and animal species into 9 categories.
• Endangered Species: It includes those species which are in danger of extinction. The IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species provides information about endangered species around the world.
• Vulnerable Species: This includes the species which are likely to be in danger of extinction in the near future if the factors threatening their extinction continue.
• Rare Species: The population of these species is very small in the world; they are confined to limited areas or thinly scattered over a wider area.

Given: HPU = 9 and JNU = 9
DU = ?
In the alphabetical order,
H = 8
P = 16
U = 21
(H + P + U = 8 + 16 + 21 = 45)
45 divided by 5 gives 9.
Now,
J = 10
N = 14
U = 21
(J + N + U = 10 + 14 + 21 = 45)
45 divided by 5 gives 9.
Similarly,
D = 4
U = 21
(D + U = 4 + 21 = 25)
25 divided by 5 gives 5.
Therefore, the answer is 5.

Diagnostic evaluation has a placement function and so takes place before instruction. It is used to determine underlying causes of learning difficulties. Diagnostic evaluation may include administration of standardised achievement tests, standardised diagnostic tests, teacher-made tests, observation and checklists. Scoring and interpretation can be normative (based on norms) or criterion-referenced. Results are usually shown as an individual profile of sub-skills.

The process in which a gas turns into a liquid on cooling at a specific temperature is called condensation.

• The heat is transferred in form of conduction, convection, and radiation. 
• Radiation is the mode of heat transfer that does not require a medium. It happens through infrared radiation. 
• The infrared radiations are electromagnetic waves having a frequency less than the visible spectrum. 
• The infrared radiation is emitted from every hot body. 
• Earth is heated by infrared radiations of the sun. The radiations are reflected back by the earth which is captured by greenhouse gases. 
• The greenhouse gases absorbers some amount of heat and keeps the earth warm. 

Thus, infrared radiation is trapped on the earth’s surface by the greenhouse effect.

Additional Information

• The major Greenhouse gas is Carbon dioxide followed by methane, water vapor, and nitrous oxide.  
• UV rays have a frequency higher than violet and they help in the formation of Ozone. 
• The wavelength of different electromagnetic waves are given in the below diagram. 

The University Grants Commission is responsible for uniformity in the curriculum at a higher level in India. The University Grants Commission (UGC) came into existence on 28th December 1953 and became a statutory Organization of the Government of India by an Act of Parliament in 1956, for the coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of teaching, examination and research in university education.

“Anumana (inference) is the process of ascertaining, not by perception or direct observation, but through the instrumentality or medium of a mark, that a thing possesses a certain character”.

• Based on causation, inference can be classified into pûrvavat and seavat inferences, the last is based on non-causal uniformity.
• A cause is the invariable and unconditional antecedent of an effect and an effect is the invariable and unconditional consequent of a cause.

The question 'What specialities of Einstein impressed you the most and why?' is most appropriate to evaluate the thought process of a student as it takes into consideration student's thinking. This makes students to choose from among multiple answers and hence they could be engaged in thinking rationally. The answers that come out are also subjective, unlike the direct questions, which fail to evaluate the thought process of students.

R is brother of P, who is husband of Q. So, R is brother-in-law of Q.

Teachers are one of the most influential and powerful forces for equity, access and quality in education and key to sustainable global development. However, their training, recruitment, retention, status and working conditions remain preoccupying. Moreover, there is a worldwide shortage of well-trained teachers.
UNESCO has made the supply of well-trained, supported and qualified teachers one of its top priorities. This focus has been reinforced by Sustainable Development Goal 4: Quality Education through the Education 2030 Framework for Action, which has a target calling for a substantial increase in qualified teachers through the betterment of their training, recruitment, retention, status, working conditions and motivation.
The professional requirement of a teacher as explained in the UNESCO publication are mastery over the subject and competency for teaching, innovativeness in approach and teaching strategies and justice to the profession.

The book gulamgiri written by jyotirao phule in the year 1873 was on the theme: against injustice of caste system.

Those teachers are popular among students who help them solve their problems. Successful problem solvers presumably use information, procedures, and more general notions that have been acquired via past experiences and training.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change is the nodal Ministry for notifying the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act 1986 (EPA), gives power to the central government to take all measures that it deems necessary or expedient for protecting and improving the quality of the environment, and preventing and controlling abating environmental pollution. So, statement 1 is correct.

• The EIA Notification seeks to reduce or even remove public participation, and by extension independent expert opinion, from the process of granting environmental clearances to various projects. The public reporting of the environmental violations may also not be taken cognizance of by the authorities. So, statement 2 is incorrect.
• Exemption from public consultation in certain projects - Section 14 of the Draft provides for exemption from public consultation, thereby limiting the scope of public involvement in districts. All offshore projects, located beyond 12 nautical miles are exempted. So, statement 3 is correct.

Student 1 marks in History than in Geography = 0.65
= (65/100)
= (5/13)
Student 2 marks in history than in geography = 0.85
= (85/100)
= 17/20
Student 3 marks in history than in geography = 0.35
= (35/100)
= (7/20)
Student 4 marks in history than in geography = 1.25
= (125/100)
= 5/4
Student 5 marks in history than in geography = 1.40
= (140/100) = 7/5
Student 6 marks in history than in geography = 0.95
= (95/100)
= 19/20
Student 7 marks in history than in geography = 1.55
= (155/100)
= 31/20
∴ Students got less marks in History than in Geography is 1, 2, 3, 6.

India has the third largest Higher Education System in the world, after the US and China, according to the World Bank. However, in terms of expenditure per student as well as per teacher, India falls behind. The country has 907 universities and 50,000 higher education institutions with enrollment of 33 million students.
In the last decade, access to higher education has improved as more IITs, IIMs and central and state-level universities have been established. However, this proliferation has also raised concerns about an imbalance between excellence and inclusion.