APSC JE CE Paper 1 Mock Test - 3 - Civil Engineering (CE) MCQ

Explanation:

• Assertion (A): The rupee is widely accepted as a medium of exchange in India.


• Reason (R): It is authorized by the government of the country.

• Assertion (A) is correct: The rupee is indeed widely accepted as a medium of exchange in India. It is the official currency of the country and is used for all transactions.


• Reason (R) is also correct: The rupee is authorized by the government of India as the legal tender for transactions. It is issued and regulated by the Reserve Bank of India, which is the central monetary authority in the country.


• R is the correct explanation of A: The reason why the rupee is widely accepted as a medium of exchange in India is because it is authorized and backed by the government. The government ensures its stability and acceptance in the economy.

Therefore, option A is the correct choice as both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion.

As safe ans secure have same meaning in the same way protect and guard have same meaning.

The Earth rotates from west to east. This means that when viewed from above the North Pole, the Earth rotates counterclockwise, causing the movement of the sun and stars from east to west in the sky.

Utkal Diwas, also known as Odisha Day, commemorates the formation of Odisha on April 1, 1936. It signifies the state’s cultural and historical significance, marking the end of a struggle for a separate identity from British colonial rule. Celebrated annually, it showcases Odisha’s rich heritage through festivities, including decorations and cultural displays. The state flag’s colors symbolize Odia pride and unity, highlighting the event’s importance in preserving the region’s traditions and identity.

Individual aspirations and goals often include desires for security, respect, equal treatment, and freedom in addition to seeking better income. These aspirations reflect not only financial aims but also fundamental human needs for safety, recognition, fairness, and personal liberty.

The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a multilateral treaty that recognizes and protects various human rights. It sets out the rights of individuals to economic, social, and cultural development.
Among the options provided, the right to accumulate wealth is not seen as a standard of human rights by the ICESCR.
Here is a breakdown of the options and their status as human rights recognized by the ICESCR:
A. Right to social security and insurance: This right is recognized by the ICESCR. It ensures that individuals have access to social security benefits and insurance coverage to protect them against various risks and ensure their well-being.
B. Right to health: This right is also recognized by the ICESCR. It includes the right to access healthcare services, facilities, and essential medicines without discrimination.
C. Right to accumulate wealth: This right is not recognized as a standard of human rights by the ICESCR. While individuals have the right to work, earn a living, and participate in economic activities, the ICESCR focuses more on ensuring a fair distribution of wealth and addressing poverty rather than emphasizing the accumulation of wealth.
D. Right to adequate standard of living: This right is recognized by the ICESCR. It encompasses various aspects such as access to food, clothing, housing, and other essentials necessary for a decent life.
In conclusion, the option C, the right to accumulate wealth, is not seen as a standard of human rights by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

The government got troubled because it lacks the independence of talking decisions. Because democracy does't allow to do so.

The sentence "One cannot expect children to understand these problems" in the Active Voice can be accurately transformed into the Passive Voice as:

C. Children cannot be expected to understand these problems.

This option represents the same meaning as the original sentence in the Passive Voice.

The logic followed is:

In each next step 1 line segment is deleting from the given letter.

In figure A

The given shape is the letter "E".

In figure B

One line segment get deleted from the right end

Thus we get 

In figure C

Again the one-line segment gets deleted from the right end.

Thus we get 

Similarly,

In figure D

Again one line segment will get deleted from the previous image to obtained figure D.

Thus only one figure is satisfying the pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Freak of nature (Idiom): something or someone that is unusual, rare, or abnormal in some way; beyond or outside the natural world.
Funny feeling (Idiom): an intuition or premonition about something; a sense of foreknowledge about a situation, condition, or set of circumstances.
Talk shop (Idiom): discuss matters concerning one's work, especially at a social occasion when this is inappropriate.
Wear off (Idiom): lose effectiveness or intensity.
It is obvious that ‘freak of nature’ makes perfect sense in the given blank.
Hence, the correct answer is option B. 

There are four main agents of erosion. Moving water, wind, gravity, and ice wear away or break up rocks, sediments, and soil from the land's surface. When these materials are deposited or dropped in new places, it is called deposition. Erosion and deposition work together.

• Statement 1 is correct: During the Gupta period, Brahmanism indeed became more prominent, with a significant emphasis on the worship of gods such as Shiva and Vishnu. This shift is reflected in the religious practices and literary compositions of the time, indicating the period's religious orientation.
• Statement 2 is incorrect: Contrary to the considerable patronage Brahmanism received, Buddhism did not enjoy the same level of royal support during the Gupta era. While the Gupta kings practiced religious tolerance and did not persecute Buddhists or Jains, the focus and patronage shifted more towards Brahmanism, affecting the religious landscape.
• Statement 3 is correct: The Gupta period was marked by the composition of several key religious texts, including the Vishnupurana and the Bhagavad Gita (though the Gita itself is part of the Mahabharata, which reached its final form during this era). These texts played a crucial role in shaping Hindu philosophy and religious practices, reflecting the era's intellectual and spiritual achievements.

The average income of a country is calculated by dividing the national income by the population. This value, also known as per capita income, represents the average income per person in the country. It serves as a crucial indicator for comparing the economic well-being of different nations.

The correct option is Option C. 
The origin of the Maratha Confederacy may be traced to the revival of the Jagir or Saranjam system by Rajaram. The bases of this system were laid during the time of Balaji Rao I.
 

One word substitution is Cynic.
Egoist: a self-centered or selfish person
Fatalist: one who accepts all things and events as inevitable.
Stoic: a person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining.
Cynic: a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest rather than acting for honourable or unselfish reasons.

Absolute poverty refers to a condition where a person does not have the minimum amount of income needed to meet the minimum requirements for one or more basic living needs over an extended period of time.

• Kesavananda Bharati Case is a landmark case where the Supreme Court defined the basic structure of the Indian Constitution. The judgement for this case was delivered on April 24, 1973.
• The case is also known as the Fundamental Rights Case. The Supreme Court asserted its right to strike down amendments to the constitution that were in violation of the fundamental architecture of the constitution.

The correct answer is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii).

Key Points

Troposphere:  

• It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere - in which we live.
• It contains most of our weather - clouds, rain, snow.
• The lowest part of the Troposphere is called the boundary layer and the topmost part is called the tropopause.​

Stratosphere:

• This layer extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km.
• It contains much of the ozone in the atmosphere.
• The temperature in Stratosphere is highest over the summer pole and lowest over the winter pole.

Mesosphere:

• Above the stratosphere is the mesosphere. It extends upward to a height of about 85 km above our planet. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere.
• The coldest temperature in the Earth's atmosphere, about -90 °C is found near the top of this layer.

Thermosphere: 

• This layer is found above Mesopause from 85 to 800 km.
• This is the warmest layer of the atmosphere.
• Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

Exosphere​:

• ​This is the outermost layer of the atmosphere.
• It contains mainly oxygen and hydrogen atoms they are so few that they rarely collide.
• They follow ballistic trajectories under the influence of gravity, and some of them escape directly into space.

Ionosphere​:

• The ionosphere is a very active part of the atmosphere, and it grows and shrinks depending on the energy it absorbs from the Sun.
• The name ionosphere comes from the fact that gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions, which have an electrical charge.
• Due to the presence of ionized gasses, the ionosphere can reflect radio waves directed into the sky back toward the Earth.
• It overlaps the mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Thus, the correct match is (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) -(i), (d) - (iii)

As we know that ,
Rampant is widespread, something that can’t be controlled or kept in limits, furious is angry and restrained is controlled, kept in limits.
Hence , Restrained is opposite word of Rampant . 

The pattern followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "127".

Alternate Method
The pattern followed is:
3 = 2² - 1
7 = 2³ - 1
15 = 2⁴ - 1
31 = 2⁵ - 1
63 = 2⁶ - 1
127 = 2⁷ - 1
Hence, the correct answer is "127".

Justification:

• Initially, only men were allowed into the Sangha, but later women were also admitted. According to Buddhist texts, this was made possible through the mediation of Ananda, one of Buddha's dearest disciples, who persuaded him to allow women into the Sangha.

• Buddha's foster mother, Mahapajapati Gotami, was the first woman to be ordained as a bhikkhuni.

As 'Much' corresponds to 'Many' in the same way 'Measure' corresponds to 'counting'.

The International Day of Older Persons is celebrated on October 1st every year. It is a day to recognize the contributions of older persons and to examine issues that affect their lives. The theme for the International Day of Older Persons in 2023 is "Resilience of Older Persons in a Changing World." This theme highlights the resilience of older persons in the face of challenges such as climate change, pandemics, and conflict.

Concept:

Nuclear reactor:

• It is a device in which a nuclear reaction is initiated, maintained, and controlled.
• It works on the principle of controlled chain reaction and provides energy at a constant rate.

Explanation:

• Nuclear Fuel: It is a fissionable material to be used for the fission process to take place. Therefore option 1 is correct.
• Commonly used fuels in a nuclear reactor are U233, Enriched U235, Pu239 etc. 
• Generally, uranium oxide pellets are inserted end to end into long hollow metal tubes constituting the fuel rods.
• When slow neutrons interact with the fuel, the fission starts, and the energy is released. 

Additional Information

• The moderator's function is to slow down the fast-moving secondary neutrons produced during the fission.
  • The material of the moderator should be light and it should not absorb neutrons.
  • Usually, heavy water, graphite, deuterium, and paraffin, etc. can act as moderators.
• Controller: These are made with neutron-absorbing material such as cadmium, hafnium or boron, and are inserted or withdrawn from the core to control the rate of reaction, or to halt it. 
• Lubricant: Lubricant has shown that it is possible to produce materials capable of lubricating some reactor components.
  • In order to further the development of such lubricants, the U.K.A.E.A. and the nuclear manufacturing groups have co-operated in providing lubricant manufacturers.

P sits to the immediate left of S.

Hence, option A is correct.

The following factors have stimulated the globalisation process.

1.Improvement in transportation: In the last fifty years, there have been a lot of improvements in transportation technology. This has made faster delivery of goods across long distances possible, at lower costs.
2.Development in information and communication technology: Technology in the areas of telecommunication and computers has been advancing rapidly.
3.Telecommunication: Telecommunication facilities like telephone, telegraph, mobiles, fax are used to connect people in the world. This has been made possible due to satellite communication devices.
4.Internet: Internet also allows us to send instant electronic mail (e-mail) and talk (voice mail) across the world at negligible cost. Even the payment of money from one bank to another can be made through e-banking.

Utility, in economics, refers to the usefulness or enjoyment a consumer can get from a service or good. Marginal utility is the utility gained by consuming an additional unit of a service or good.

Come to grips with: begin to deal with or understand. This idiom does not fit in the given context of the sentence.
Turning over a new leaf: start to act or behave in a better or more responsible way. This idiom fits in the given context of the sentence correctly.
Hit the ground running: start something and proceed at a fast pace with great enthusiasm. This idiom fits correctly in the sentence as well.
Hence, the correct answer is option B. 

The following rights make sure each individual has equal rights and freedom to exercise their rights.