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Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Humanities/Arts MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Psychology Class 12 - Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 for Humanities/Arts 2024 is part of Psychology Class 12 preparation. The Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 questions and answers have been prepared according to the Humanities/Arts exam syllabus.The Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 MCQs are made for Humanities/Arts 2024 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 below.
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Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 1

Social facilitation refers to an increase in dominant responses in the presence of others of the same species, leading to: 

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 1

Social facilitation refers to an increase in dominant responses in the presence of others of the same species, leading to improved performance on well-learned/easy tasks and deterioration in performance on poorly learned/difficult tasks

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 2

The widely reported murder of Kitty Genovese in New York in 1964, in which 38 people admitted witnessing the murder but not a single person went to her aid, was an example of which social-psychological phenomenon? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 2

A critical feature of the immediate situation that determines whether bystanders help someone who is in need of help (bystander intervention) is the number of potential helpers who are present. Research on bystander intervention was stimulated by the widely reported murder of Kitty Genovese in New York in 1964. The opposite of bystander intervention (i.e. when bystanders do not come to that person’s help, as in the case of Kitty Genovese) is called bystander apathy.

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Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 3

Which of the following is true of Milgram’s (1963) study of obedience? The study found that:

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 3

Milgram (1963) discovered that quite ordinary people taking part in a laboratory experiment were prepared to administer electric shocks (450 volts), which they believed would harm another participant, simply because an experimenter told them to do so. This study showed that apparently ‘pathological’ behaviour may not be due to individual pathology (the participants were ‘normal’) but to particular social circumstances. The situation encouraged extreme obedience.

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 4

Which one of the following statements about social support is true?

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 4

Social support refers to feeling supported by others, whether in one’s broader social network (which impacts positively on health and stress) or within a small group (which helps one to resist pressures to comply with an outside majority or obey an immoral authority).

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 5

Which of the following are characteristics of an unhappy couple?

  1. Retaliation
  2. High equity.
  3. Reciprocation.
  4. Open about differences.
Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 5

Unhappy or ‘distressed’ relationships are characterized by higher rates of negative behaviour, reciprocating with such negative behaviour when the partner behaves negatively towards us. Reciprocation, or retaliation, is the most reliable sign of relationship distress (Fincham, 2003).
Those in unhappy relationships also tend to ignore or cover up differences (Noller & Fitzpatrick, 1990), compare themselves negatively with other couples (Buunk et al., 1990) and perceive their relationship as less equitable than others (van Yperen & Buunk, 1991).

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 6

In centralized networks: 

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 6

Research on communication networks (Bavelas, 1968; Leavitt, 1951) focuses on centralization as the critical factor. More centralized networks have a hub person or group that regulates communication flow, whereas less centralized networks allow free communication among all roles. Centralized networks work well for simple tasks (they liberate peripheral members to perform their role) but not for more complex tasks – the hub becomes overwhelmed, delays and miscommunications occur, frustration and stress increase, and peripheral members feel loss of autonomy.

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 7

In the 1957 Sidney Lumet film Twelve Angry Men, 12 jurors have to decide over the guilt or innocence of a young man charged with the murder of his father. At the outset, all but one of the jurors are convinced of the youth’s guilt. The lone juror (played by Henry Fonda) actively attempts to change their minds, standing firm, committed, self-confident and unwavering. One by one the other jurors change sides, until in the end they all agree that the accused is not guilty. Which form of social influence is this an example of?

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 7

The main difference here is between minority influence and conformity. While the former refers to being persuaded by a minority group, conformity can be defined as coming into line with majority attitudes and behaviours.
In principle, conformity can be based on normative influence or informational influence: the former is social influence based on the need to be accepted and approved of by other group members, and the latter social influence is based on acquiring new information from other group members, which is accepted as evidence about reality.

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 8

Stroebe and Diehl (1994) conducted a clever piece of research into why brainstorming does not appear to enhance individual creativity. They hypothesized that, during a brainstorming session, because only one group member may speak at a time, other group members have to keep silent, and may be distracted by the content of the group discussion or forget their own ideas. Stroebe and Diehl termed this phenomenon ‘production blocking’, because the waiting time before speaking and the distracting influence of others’ ideas could potentially block individuals from coming up with their own ideas. The results of their subsequent study were clear-cut: participants generated approximately twice as many ideas when they were allowed to express their ideas as they occurred than when they had to wait their turn. But which TWO of the following can we infer from these results?

  1. That ‘production blocking’ does not occur in interactive brainstorming groups.
  2. That ‘production blocking’ is an important factor explaining the inferiority of interactive brainstorming groups.
  3. That it may be more effective to ask group members to develop their ideas in one group, and then express them to another group.
  4. That it may be more effective to ask group members to develop their ideas separately, and then express them in a subsequent joint meeting.
Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 8

These results suggest that ‘production blocking’ is indeed an important factor explaining the inferiority of interactive brainstorming groups. This suggests that it may be more effective to ask group members to develop their ideas separately, and only then have these ideas expressed, discussed and evaluated in a subsequent joint meeting (see Delbecq, van de Ven & Gustafson, 1975).

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 9

Viewing people from different groups as individuals and viewing people from different subgroups (such as Scots and English) as members of a single superordinate group represent which two types of prejudice reduction strategies?

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 9

Viewing people from different groups as individuals is referred to as decategorization and viewing people from different subgroups (such as Scots and English) as members of a single superordinate group is referred to as recategorization, with both being used to reduce ingroup-outgroup categorizations and thus reducing prejudice toward outgroups. Intergroup contact is another type of prejudice reduction strategy aimed at improving intergroup relations by increasing the amount of contact they have with each other.

Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 10

Research suggests that we seek out the company of others because of which motives? 

Detailed Solution for Test: Social Influence and Group Processes- 1 - Question 10

All of the above have been identified as motives related to our need for affiliation and to seek out the company of others.

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