Test: Security In The Contemporary World - UPSC MCQ

Global poverty refers to low economic growth, low national income and low standard of living of developing or least developed countries. It is a source of insecurity because: 

1. Half the world’s population growth occurs in just six countries- India, China, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh and Indonesia, considered developing countries and even in poorest countries population is expected to triple in next 50 years. 

2. Globally, this disparity contributes to the gap between the northern and southern countries of the world. 

3. Poverty in the south has also led a large migration to seek better economic opportunities in the north. 

4. All these created international political friction as international law and norms make a distinction between migrants and refugees as they do not get ready to accept migrants.

The Anti-ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty was signed in 1972.It tried to stop the united States and Soviet union from using ballistic missiles as a defensive shield to launch a nuclear attack. While it did allow both countries to deploy a very limited number of defensive systems, it stopped them from large scale production of those system.

Migration is the result of the search for better economic opportunities in the north and has led to friction amongst countries.

India’s first nuclear test occurred on 18 May 1974. Since then India has conducted another series of tests at the Pokhran test range in the state of Rajasthan in 1998. India has an extensive civil and military nuclear program.

India did so as it was surrounded by nuclear-armed countries and it wanted to safeguard itself from them.

Human rights have come to be classified into three types. the first type is political rights such as freedom of speech and assembly.The second type is economic and social rights. The third type is the rights of colonised people and indigenous minorities.

Al-Qaeda is led by Osama bin laden.

Disarmament requires all states to give up certain kinds of weapons. For example, the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and the 1992 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) banned the production and possession of these weapons. More than 155 states acceded to the BWC and 181 states acceded to the CWC.Both conventions included all the great powers.

This was one of the most violent form of terrorist attacks on America.

The Tutsi tribe in Rwanda faced a threat to its existence as nearly five lakh of its people were killed by the rival Hutu tribe in a matter of weeks. This shows that non-traditional conceptions of security, like traditional conceptions of security, vary according to local contexts.