Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions. Some of the words have been highlighted in the passage that will help you locate them to find the appropriate answer according to the questions asked. Undoubtedly, trafficking is a pernicious offence, one that societies and governments must have zero tolerance for, and yet, handling the offence of trafficking needs precision, not a sledgehammer. In its current form, the draft Trafficking in Persons (Prevention, Care and Rehabilitation) Bill, 2021 seems to be lacking in nuance, even if well intentioned, to stamp out exploitative trafficking. The Bill, which will shortly be introduced in Parliament, aims at preventing and countering trafficking in persons, particularly women and children, to provide for care, protection and rehabilitation to the victims, while respecting their rights, and creating a supportive legal, economic and social environment for them. This is the Bill’s second iteration; the first was passed in the Lok Sabha, in 2018, but then meandered into nothingness as it was never introduced in the Upper House. Notably, the Bill has expanded the area under coverage to include offences taking place, not only within India but also outside it. It envisages the setting up of anti-trafficking committees at the State and national levels to implement the provisions, when passed. In the days the Bill was up in the public domain for comments, civil society activists and legal experts have criticised its various provisions, and submitted that an overzealous approach would blur the nuances and an understanding of the contributing factors, including vicious poverty, debt, lack of opportunity, and development schemes missing their mark. Vociferous opposition has arisen over the key aspect of handing over investigation in trafficking crimes to the NIA both by those who believe that it would burden the already stretched unit further, and those arguing that this move would be an attack on federalism, by removing local enforcement agencies out of the picture. Another key criticism of the Bill has been its broad definitions of victims, smacking of refusal to consider consensual sexual activity for commerce. This would only land up criminalising sex work and victimisation of the exploited. Bringing pornography into the definition of sexual exploitation would not allow even for any adult consumption of nonexploitative, consensual material. Reporting of offences has been made mandatory with penalties for nonreporting, but those with an understanding of the tortuous processes, point to the fact that victims often do not _________. The mention of the death penalty for various forms of aggravated trafficking offences needs to be flagged too. The Government would do well to scan and incorporate the responses to its Bill in order to ensure that the fence does not eat the crop . While sexual exploitation and trafficking can be ghastly crimes invoking public horror, for the state to not employ a wholesome approach, cognisant of the causative factors, one that would be sensitive and precise, would be equally horrific. The draft- Trafficking in Persons (Prevention, Care and Rehabilitation) Bill, 2021 aims which of the following points?

creating a supportive legal, economic and social environment for the victims

provide for care, protection and rehabilitation to the victims

prevention and countering of trafficking in persons

Read the passage and answer the question that follow. Finance is the glue that holds all pieces of our life together. Ideal financial societies are those which provide safe and convenient ways of managing these simple monetary affairs. This philosophy is known as financial inclusion. It is providing financial tools to people — tools they can afford, are safe and properly regulated, that people can access conveniently from institutions that treat them with respect. These tools enable them to save and to responsibly borrow — allowing them to build their assets and improve their livelihoods. The term most buzzed in this respect is “the unbanked”— usually defined as people who don’t have a traditional savings account. These are the people who have to be brought into the orbit of formal finance. Financial services are like clean water and electricity. But opening an account does not ensure the account is used. Today, digital technology and mobile phones offer an unprecedented opportunity to connect poor people to services such as savings, loans, insurance and payments. But owning a phone or even opening a digital account does not ensure the account is used. Two-thirds of the world’s 299 million mobile money accounts are dormant. India remains among the most cash-intensive economies in the world, with a cash-to-GDP ratio of 12 per cent. Around 97 per cent of all transactions in the country are carried out in cash, which explains why India remains among nations with the lowest access to digital payments. In a digital world, safety and security are important for everyone. Remaining safe is an individual’s own responsibility which has to be taken seriously. Payment providers can put in the most foolproof systems in the world but the human element of payments and hence actions resulting in fraud cannot be emphasised enough. Whether it is reducing risk, improving uptake and usage, enhancing consumer protection or avoiding over-indebtedness. In India, financial inclusion received a steroidal boost with Prime Minister’s Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). By 4 January 2017, there were over 265 million accounts under the scheme. But a disquieting feature is that public banks, regional rural banks (RRBs) and 13 private lenders have reported that as on 24 March 2017, 92,52,609 accounts were frozen under the PMJDY owing to inactivity. A survey of these accounts found that only 33 percent of all beneficiaries were ready to use their Rupay cards. Merely opening physical accounts as flag posts of financial identity won’t help unless they are actively used by people for managing their money. To make this possible, people have to be imparted an ability to understand and execute matters of personal finance, including basic numeracy and literacy, budgeting, investing, and risk diversification. This skill is known as financial literacy. It is a combination of financial awareness, knowledge, skills, attitude and behaviours necessary to make sound financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial well-being. On account of lack of proper awareness and failure of institutions to properly guide them, people buy insurance policies without proper planning and give up midway because they don’t have money to pay the premium. It has been found that financial education programmes focused on just imparting knowledge rarely deliver unless they are backed by a suitable product, including the support to use the product. A recent UNDP survey on financial literacy programmes in India revealed that in areas where a service provider was involved in the programmes, the participants had a better understanding of products and they had been using the products regularly. Some banks use a decision tree to help customers open savings accounts that match their needs. The process of going through the decision tree in itself leads to an understanding of improved product features by customers. Similarly, in one model, a bank undertook a project to deliver financial education training to young women in rural communities through a cascade training model where core trainers trained peer educators, who in turn trained community members. These examples provide evidence that using a model that involves experiential learning and use of products has greater chances of success. To use financial services to their full potential, low-income people need products well suited to their needs and appropriate training and education for adapting to these financial services. Bringing this about requires attention to human and institutional issues, such as quality of access, affordability of products, familiarity and comfort in use, sustainability for the provider of these services, proper training and outreach to the most excluded populations. The issue is a lot more nuanced than what we see today. Nuances change from culture to culture and consumer segment to consumer segment. Consumers will come into the formal financial sector and embrace the new opportunities believing that if they change their behaviour and exert the effort to get into the new world then certain specific pains will disappear. We have thus to address real pains, not just offer benefits. What needs to be done in order to ensure that financial education programes are effective?

They must be backed by a suitable product, including the support to use the product

They must provide sustainability

They must be easy to understand

Read the passage and answer the question that follow. Finance is the glue that holds all pieces of our life together. Ideal financial societies are those which provide safe and convenient ways of managing these simple monetary affairs. This philosophy is known as financial inclusion. It is providing financial tools to people — tools they can afford, are safe and properly regulated, that people can access conveniently from institutions that treat them with respect. These tools enable them to save and to responsibly borrow — allowing them to build their assets and improve their livelihoods. The term most buzzed in this respect is “the unbanked”— usually defined as people who don’t have a traditional savings account. These are the people who have to be brought into the orbit of formal finance. Financial services are like clean water and electricity. But opening an account does not ensure the account is used. Today, digital technology and mobile phones offer an unprecedented opportunity to connect poor people to services such as savings, loans, insurance and payments. But owning a phone or even opening a digital account does not ensure the account is used. Two-thirds of the world’s 299 million mobile money accounts are dormant. India remains among the most cash-intensive economies in the world, with a cash-to-GDP ratio of 12 per cent. Around 97 per cent of all transactions in the country are carried out in cash, which explains why India remains among nations with the lowest access to digital payments. In a digital world, safety and security are important for everyone. Remaining safe is an individual’s own responsibility which has to be taken seriously. Payment providers can put in the most foolproof systems in the world but the human element of payments and hence actions resulting in fraud cannot be emphasised enough. Whether it is reducing risk, improving uptake and usage, enhancing consumer protection or avoiding over-indebtedness. In India, financial inclusion received a steroidal boost with Prime Minister’s Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). By 4 January 2017, there were over 265 million accounts under the scheme. But a disquieting feature is that public banks, regional rural banks (RRBs) and 13 private lenders have reported that as on 24 March 2017, 92,52,609 accounts were frozen under the PMJDY owing to inactivity. A survey of these accounts found that only 33 percent of all beneficiaries were ready to use their Rupay cards. Merely opening physical accounts as flag posts of financial identity won’t help unless they are actively used by people for managing their money. To make this possible, people have to be imparted an ability to understand and execute matters of personal finance, including basic numeracy and literacy, budgeting, investing, and risk diversification. This skill is known as financial literacy. It is a combination of financial awareness, knowledge, skills, attitude and behaviours necessary to make sound financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial well-being. On account of lack of proper awareness and failure of institutions to properly guide them, people buy insurance policies without proper planning and give up midway because they don’t have money to pay the premium. It has been found that financial education programmes focused on just imparting knowledge rarely deliver unless they are backed by a suitable product, including the support to use the product. A recent UNDP survey on financial literacy programmes in India revealed that in areas where a service provider was involved in the programmes, the participants had a better understanding of products and they had been using the products regularly. Some banks use a decision tree to help customers open savings accounts that match their needs. The process of going through the decision tree in itself leads to an understanding of improved product features by customers. Similarly, in one model, a bank undertook a project to deliver financial education training to young women in rural communities through a cascade training model where core trainers trained peer educators, who in turn trained community members. These examples provide evidence that using a model that involves experiential learning and use of products has greater chances of success. To use financial services to their full potential, low-income people need products well suited to their needs and appropriate training and education for adapting to these financial services. Bringing this about requires attention to human and institutional issues, such as quality of access, affordability of products, familiarity and comfort in use, sustainability for the provider of these services, proper training and outreach to the most excluded populations. The issue is a lot more nuanced than what we see today. Nuances change from culture to culture and consumer segment to consumer segment. Consumers will come into the formal financial sector and embrace the new opportunities believing that if they change their behaviour and exert the effort to get into the new world then certain specific pains will disappear. We have thus to address real pains, not just offer benefits. Why is the digital transaction rate in India one of the lowest in the world?

India is a cash-intensive economy

There is no digital literacy in India

Read the passage and answer the question that follow. Finance is the glue that holds all pieces of our life together. Ideal financial societies are those which provide safe and convenient ways of managing these simple monetary affairs. This philosophy is known as financial inclusion. It is providing financial tools to people — tools they can afford, are safe and properly regulated, that people can access conveniently from institutions that treat them with respect. These tools enable them to save and to responsibly borrow — allowing them to build their assets and improve their livelihoods. The term most buzzed in this respect is “the unbanked”— usually defined as people who don’t have a traditional savings account. These are the people who have to be brought into the orbit of formal finance. Financial services are like clean water and electricity. But opening an account does not ensure the account is used. Today, digital technology and mobile phones offer an unprecedented opportunity to connect poor people to services such as savings, loans, insurance and payments. But owning a phone or even opening a digital account does not ensure the account is used. Two-thirds of the world’s 299 million mobile money accounts are dormant. India remains among the most cash-intensive economies in the world, with a cash-to-GDP ratio of 12 per cent. Around 97 per cent of all transactions in the country are carried out in cash, which explains why India remains among nations with the lowest access to digital payments. In a digital world, safety and security are important for everyone. Remaining safe is an individual’s own responsibility which has to be taken seriously. Payment providers can put in the most foolproof systems in the world but the human element of payments and hence actions resulting in fraud cannot be emphasised enough. Whether it is reducing risk, improving uptake and usage, enhancing consumer protection or avoiding over-indebtedness. In India, financial inclusion received a steroidal boost with Prime Minister’s Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). By 4 January 2017, there were over 265 million accounts under the scheme. But a disquieting feature is that public banks, regional rural banks (RRBs) and 13 private lenders have reported that as on 24 March 2017, 92,52,609 accounts were frozen under the PMJDY owing to inactivity. A survey of these accounts found that only 33 percent of all beneficiaries were ready to use their Rupay cards. Merely opening physical accounts as flag posts of financial identity won’t help unless they are actively used by people for managing their money. To make this possible, people have to be imparted an ability to understand and execute matters of personal finance, including basic numeracy and literacy, budgeting, investing, and risk diversification. This skill is known as financial literacy. It is a combination of financial awareness, knowledge, skills, attitude and behaviours necessary to make sound financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial well-being. On account of lack of proper awareness and failure of institutions to properly guide them, people buy insurance policies without proper planning and give up midway because they don’t have money to pay the premium. It has been found that financial education programmes focused on just imparting knowledge rarely deliver unless they are backed by a suitable product, including the support to use the product. A recent UNDP survey on financial literacy programmes in India revealed that in areas where a service provider was involved in the programmes, the participants had a better understanding of products and they had been using the products regularly. Some banks use a decision tree to help customers open savings accounts that match their needs. The process of going through the decision tree in itself leads to an understanding of improved product features by customers. Similarly, in one model, a bank undertook a project to deliver financial education training to young women in rural communities through a cascade training model where core trainers trained peer educators, who in turn trained community members. These examples provide evidence that using a model that involves experiential learning and use of products has greater chances of success. To use financial services to their full potential, low-income people need products well suited to their needs and appropriate training and education for adapting to these financial services. Bringing this about requires attention to human and institutional issues, such as quality of access, affordability of products, familiarity and comfort in use, sustainability for the provider of these services, proper training and outreach to the most excluded populations. The issue is a lot more nuanced than what we see today. Nuances change from culture to culture and consumer segment to consumer segment. Consumers will come into the formal financial sector and embrace the new opportunities believing that if they change their behaviour and exert the effort to get into the new world then certain specific pains will disappear. We have thus to address real pains, not just offer benefits. What boosted the financial inclusion in the Indian scenario?

Freezing of inactive bank accounts

Tackling NPAs or Non Performing Assets

Read the passage and answer the question that follow. Finance is the glue that holds all pieces of our life together. Ideal financial societies are those which provide safe and convenient ways of managing these simple monetary affairs. This philosophy is known as financial inclusion. It is providing financial tools to people — tools they can afford, are safe and properly regulated, that people can access conveniently from institutions that treat them with respect. These tools enable them to save and to responsibly borrow — allowing them to build their assets and improve their livelihoods. The term most buzzed in this respect is “the unbanked”— usually defined as people who don’t have a traditional savings account. These are the people who have to be brought into the orbit of formal finance. Financial services are like clean water and electricity. But opening an account does not ensure the account is used. Today, digital technology and mobile phones offer an unprecedented opportunity to connect poor people to services such as savings, loans, insurance and payments. But owning a phone or even opening a digital account does not ensure the account is used. Two-thirds of the world’s 299 million mobile money accounts are dormant. India remains among the most cash-intensive economies in the world, with a cash-to-GDP ratio of 12 per cent. Around 97 per cent of all transactions in the country are carried out in cash, which explains why India remains among nations with the lowest access to digital payments. In a digital world, safety and security are important for everyone. Remaining safe is an individual’s own responsibility which has to be taken seriously. Payment providers can put in the most foolproof systems in the world but the human element of payments and hence actions resulting in fraud cannot be emphasised enough. Whether it is reducing risk, improving uptake and usage, enhancing consumer protection or avoiding over-indebtedness. In India, financial inclusion received a steroidal boost with Prime Minister’s Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). By 4 January 2017, there were over 265 million accounts under the scheme. But a disquieting feature is that public banks, regional rural banks (RRBs) and 13 private lenders have reported that as on 24 March 2017, 92,52,609 accounts were frozen under the PMJDY owing to inactivity. A survey of these accounts found that only 33 percent of all beneficiaries were ready to use their Rupay cards. Merely opening physical accounts as flag posts of financial identity won’t help unless they are actively used by people for managing their money. To make this possible, people have to be imparted an ability to understand and execute matters of personal finance, including basic numeracy and literacy, budgeting, investing, and risk diversification. This skill is known as financial literacy. It is a combination of financial awareness, knowledge, skills, attitude and behaviours necessary to make sound financial decisions and ultimately achieve individual financial well-being. On account of lack of proper awareness and failure of institutions to properly guide them, people buy insurance policies without proper planning and give up midway because they don’t have money to pay the premium. It has been found that financial education programmes focused on just imparting knowledge rarely deliver unless they are backed by a suitable product, including the support to use the product. A recent UNDP survey on financial literacy programmes in India revealed that in areas where a service provider was involved in the programmes, the participants had a better understanding of products and they had been using the products regularly. Some banks use a decision tree to help customers open savings accounts that match their needs. The process of going through the decision tree in itself leads to an understanding of improved product features by customers. Similarly, in one model, a bank undertook a project to deliver financial education training to young women in rural communities through a cascade training model where core trainers trained peer educators, who in turn trained community members. These examples provide evidence that using a model that involves experiential learning and use of products has greater chances of success. To use financial services to their full potential, low-income people need products well suited to their needs and appropriate training and education for adapting to these financial services. Bringing this about requires attention to human and institutional issues, such as quality of access, affordability of products, familiarity and comfort in use, sustainability for the provider of these services, proper training and outreach to the most excluded populations. The issue is a lot more nuanced than what we see today. Nuances change from culture to culture and consumer segment to consumer segment. Consumers will come into the formal financial sector and embrace the new opportunities believing that if they change their behaviour and exert the effort to get into the new world then certain specific pains will disappear. We have thus to address real pains, not just offer benefits. What according to the passage is the greatest advantage of financial inclusion?

Reduce fiscal deficit and increase GDP

Systematic implementation of five year plans and low inflation rates

Higher Repo rates for the banks and lower rates of lending

Greater savings and sustainable borrowings

Higher property prices and social benefit schemes

NIACL AO Mock Test - 6 Free MCQ Practice Test with Solutions

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	NIACL AO Mock Test Series 2025 10 tests

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