DSSSB Junior Clerk Mock Test - 2 - DSSSB TGT/PGT/PRT MCQ

The most stable radioactive isotope is tritium, with a half-life of 12.32 years.

Key Points

Hydrogen is the first element in the periodic table and has the atomic number one.

• Those elements which have the same atomic number but a different mass number are called isotopes.
• There are three isotopes of hydrogen namely, protium 1H1, deuterium 1H2 or D, and lastly tritium 1H3 or T.
• The isotopes are different because of the different number of neutrons present in them.
• In protium, there is no presence of neutrons, whereas in deuterium we have one neutron and in tritium, we have two neutrons.
• The most prominent form of hydrogen is protium, 0.0156% of hydrogen is present on the earth’s surface as deuterium.
• In tritium, the concentration is one atom per 1018 atoms of protium. Out of these three isotopes of hydrogen.

Important Points

• Out of these three isotopes of hydrogen, only tritium is radioactive in nature which emits low energy b particles.
• As the electronic configuration of isotopes is the same, they all have similar chemical properties. But they have a difference in their rates of reaction, this happens because of the different bond disassociation enthalpies.
• They have different physical properties because of the large variations in mass.
• The occurrence of hydrogen on earth is difficult due to its light nature.
• In combined it forms 15.4% of hydrogen that occurs in the earth’s crust and oceans.
• Hydrogen also occurs in plant and animal tissues, hydrocarbons, proteins, hydrides, and many other compounds.
• In the universe, hydrogen is the most abundant element (70% of the total mass) and it is also the principal element of the solar atmosphere.
• Even the huge planets such as Jupiter and Saturn mainly consist of hydrogen.
• Protium (H¹)
  • It is one of the common isotopes of hydrogen.
  • It is plenty in nature with an abundance of 99.98%.
  • One of the reasons for this is that the nucleus of this isotope consists of a single proton and this proton at no time, has been reported to be decayed.
  • The mass of protium is 1.007825 amu.
  • Hydrogen generally combines with other atoms in compounds and is usually found in H₂ (diatomic hydrogen gas).
• Deuterium (H²)
  • It comprises 1 proton and 1 neutron in its nucleus.
  • The nucleus of hydrogen 2 is termed deuteron.
  • It is not radioactive.
  • Its compounds are used in chemical analysis and solvents for hydrogen 1.
  • Heavy water is enriched with molecules consisting of deuterium instead of protium.
  • It is used as a coolant and a neutron moderator.
  • Hydrogen 2 is also used as a fuel in nuclear fusion (commercial).
  • It occurs naturally as deuterium gas.
• Tritium (H³)
  • It comprises 2 neutrons and 1 proton in its nucleus.
  • Small traces of hydrogen 3 or tritium occurs in nature due to the synergy of cosmic rays with atmospheric gases.
  • They are also released in a small amount at the time of nuclear weapons tests.
  • It is radioactive, it decays into helium 3 through beta decay.
  • Hydrogen 3 as an atomic mass of 3.0160492 u.

Key Points

• Bindusara is known as “The Son of a Great Father and the Father of a Great Son” because he was the son of a great father Chandragupta Maurya and the father of a great son Ashoka, the Great.
• He ruled the Mauryan dynasty from 298 BC to 273 BC.
• Bindusara brought sixteen states under the Mauryan Empire and thus conquered almost the entire Indian peninsula.
• The Mauryas were a dynasty, more than 2300 years ago, with three important rulers — Chandragupta, his son Bindusara, and Bindusara’s son, Ashoka.
• Ashoka was one of the greatest rulers known to history and on his instructions, inscriptions were carved on pillars, as well as on rock surfaces.
• Most of Ashoka’s inscriptions were in Prakrit and were written in the Brahmi script.

The correct answer is Stigma, ovary and style.

Concept:

• The reproductive parts of angiosperms are located in the flower.
• The different parts of a flower are – sepals, petals, stamens and pistil.
• Stamens and pistil are the reproductive parts of a flower that contain germ cells.
• Stamens represent the male reproductive part while the pistil is the female reproductive organ.

Key Points

• The pistil is present in the centre of a flower and is the female reproductive part.
• It is made of three parts - Stigma, ovary and style.
• The swollen bottom part is the ovary, the middle elongated part is the style and the terminal part which may be sticky is the stigma.
• The terminal stigma serves as the landing platform for the pollen grains, these are then taken to the ovary via the elongated tube-like structure style.
• The ovary contains ovules and each ovule has an egg cell.
• The male germ-cell produced by pollen grain fuses with the female gamete present in the ovule.
• This fusion of the germ-cells or fertilisation gives us the zygote which is capable of growing into a new plant.

Thereby, Stigma, ovary and style together constitute the female part of a flower.

In all the figures, except for the second figure, there is no line passing from the leaf that is at the top. In the second figure, there is a line passing through the leaf that is at the top.

Hence, the second figure is different from the other three.

The least possible Venn Diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. All volcanos are deserts – False (It is possible but not definite. As there is no definite relation between Volcanos and deserts, hence false.)

II. No flood is a desert – True (It is true as no desert is a flood.)

Hence, only conclusion (II) follows.

According to the given information:

Code for "4" is "beautiful".
Code for "6" is "is".
Code for "2" is "Rose".
Hence, the correct answer is "2".

The order of the words as they would appear in the English dictionary is:
Logistic, Logotype, Longboat, Longevity, Longitude

Hence, the correct order is 2, 5, 4, 1, 3.

The logic follows here is:

Cricket : Umpire

In Cricket, there is an umpire who judges the activities of all the players as well as ball.

Similarly,

In Football, there is a referee who judges the activities of all the players as well as ball.

Hence, "Referee" is the correct answer.

According to the sequence in the dictionary:

The correct order of the given words is:

4. Masculine

2. Masonry

3. Massage

5. Massive

1. Master

Hence, the correct answer is "4, 2, 3, 5, 1".

1. First of all, check the common letter in all.

2. Arrange them according to the alphabet they come first.

3. When common letters are arranged, then go for the rest.

The pattern followed here is:

In the first row,

15 + 21 = 36

In the second row,

18 + 9 = 27

Similarly, in the third row,

26 + 17 = ?

? = 43

Hence, ‘43’ is the correct answer.

Given:

12th innings score = 90 runs

Formula used:

Average runs = Total runs/Number of innings

Calculation:

Let, the 11 innings average is x.

⇒ Total runs of 11 innings = 11x

⇒ (11x + 90)/12 = (x - 5)

⇒ 11x + 90 = 12x - 60

⇒ x = 150 runs

⇒ Current average = 150 - 5 runs

⇒ Current average = 145 runs

∴ The current average runs is 145 runs.

Calculation:

Let the three consecutive odd integers be (2x + 1), (2x + 3), and (2x + 5) respectively.

Now, we want to find out the smallest prime factor of (2x + 1) × (2x + 3) × (2x + 5).

Let us take x = 1 then the three consecutive odd integers would be 3, 5 and 7 respectively

Clearly, we have at least one number which is a multiple of 3 in the product (3 × 5 × 7).

Similarly Let us take x = 2, then the three consecutive odd integers would be 5, 7, and 9 respectively.

Again, we have at least one number which is a multiple of 3 in the product (5 × 7 × 9).

So, each product is divisible by 3.

∴ The Smallest prime number that will divide exactly the product of any three consecutive odd integers is 3.

Given:

The cost price of a cycle is Rs. 800 and it is marked up by 50%

The first discount is 10% and the second discount is 20%.

Formula:

Profit = Selling price - Cost price.

Calculation:

According to the question,

The cost price of the cycle = Rs. 800.

It is given that the price of the article is marked up by 50%.

The marked-up price becomes 150% of 800

⇒ Rs. 1200.

The first discount given is 10%.

After the first discount, the price:

⇒ 90% of 1200 = Rs. 1080.

Again, the second discount given is 20%.

After the second discount the price

⇒ 80% of 1080 = Rs. 864.

The profit earned = 864 – 800

⇒ Rs. 64

∴ The profit earned by Suresh is Rs. 64.

Given:

Concept:
If the ratio of A and B is = x ∶ y
∴ A/B = x/y
Calculation:
The share price of A in 2018 = Rs. 120
∴ The share price of A in 2019 = Rs. 120
The share price of B in 2018 = Rs. 90
∴ The share price of B in 2019 = Rs. [90 – 90 × (20/100)] = Rs. 72
∴ Required Ratio = 120 ∶ 72 = 5 ∶ 3

Given:

The present age of Prakash and Quadir = 3 ; 4

Calculation:

Let the present age of Prakash and Quadir be 3x and 4x

According to the question,

⇒ (3x - 6)/(4x - 6) = 5/7

⇒ 21x - 42 = 20x - 30

⇒ 21x - 20x = 42 - 30

⇒ x = 12

Present age of Quadir = 4x = 4 × 12 = 48 years

∴ The present age of Quadir is 48 years

Given:

A fill a cistern in 36 minutes

B fill a cistern in 48 minutes

Cistern is filled in 24 minutes

Formula Used:

Efficiency × Time taken = Total capacity of tank

Total capacity of cistern = LCM of time taken

Calculation:

Total capacity of cistern = LCM of 36 and 48

⇒ Total capacity of cistern = 144 units

Time taken by A to fill cistern = 144/36 = 4

Time taken by B to fill cistern = 144/48 = 3

Pipe B is closed after some time, but pipe A worked for 24 minutes,

In 24 minutes,

Cistern filled by pipe A = 24 × 4 = 96

Remaining units to be filled,

⇒ 144 – 96 = 48

Remaining 48 units was filled by pipe B,

Time taken by pipe B,

⇒ 48/3 = 16 minutes.

∴ Pipe B closed after 16 minutes.

Given:

(128 ÷ 16 × 3 - 7 × 2)/(? - 6 × 6 - 3) = 1

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

According to the question,

(128 ÷ 16 × 3 - 7 × 2)/(? - 6 × 6 - 3) = 1

⇒ 128 ÷ 16 × 3 - 7 × 2 = (? - 6 × 6 - 3) × 1

⇒ 8 × 3 - 7 × 2 = ? - 6 × 6 - 3

⇒ 24 - 14 = ? - 36 - 3

⇒ 10 + 39 = ?

⇒ ? = 49

∴ The question mark (?) in the given equation will be replaced by 49.

Given:

'n' person can do a work in 60 days.

It takes 12 days less to complete the same work if 12 additional people are added to the work.

Concept:

If “x” men finish the job in “n” days,

1 person will finish the same job in “nx” days.

Calculation:

Let the number of men initially be “x”.

According to the question,

“x” men finish the work in 60 days and (x + 12) men finish it in 48 days.

Now, “x” men finish the job in 60 days.

1 man will finish the same job in 60x days ----(1)

Again “(x + 12)” men finish the job in 48 days.

1 man can finish the same job in 48(x + 12) days ----(2)

From equation (1) and (2),

60x = 48(x + 12)

⇒ 60x – 48x = 48 × 12

⇒ 12x = 48 × 12

⇒ x = (48 × 12)/12

⇒ x = 48

∴ The total number of men in the beginning was 48.

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 ‘उसकी ट्रेन छूट गई होगी।’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके असंगत उत्तर हैं।

स्पष्टीकरण:

‘उसकी ट्रेन छुट गई होगी।’ यह विकल्प ‘संदिग्ध भूतकाल’ का उदाहरण है। अन्य विकल्प इसके असंगत उत्तर होंगे।

संदिग्ध भूतकाल- इसमें यह सन्देह बना रहता है कि भूतकाल में कार्य पूरा हुआ या नही।

अन्य विकल्प:

1. मम्मी पूजा कर रही थी। - अपूर्ण भूतकाल
2. राधा जा चुकी थी। - पूर्ण भूतकाल
3. दादी बाजार से आ गई। - आसन्न भूतकाल

विशेष:

भूतकाल: जिस क्रिया से कार्य की समाप्ति का बोध हो, उसे भूतकाल की क्रिया कहते हैं। भूतकाल के छह भेद होते हैं:

1. सामान्य भूतकाल: जिससे भूतकाल की क्रिया के विशेष समय का ज्ञान न हो, उसे सामान्य भूतकाल कहते हैं।
   उदाहरण: राधा गयी।

2. आसन्न भूतकाल: क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह पता चले कि क्रिया अभी कुछ समय पहले ही पूर्ण हुई है, उसे आसन्न भूतकाल कहते हैं।
   उदाहरण: मैंने आम खाया है।

3. पूर्ण भूतकाल: क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह ज्ञात हो कि कार्य पहले ही पूरा हो चुका है, उसे पूर्ण भूतकाल कहते हैं।
   उदाहरण: उसने मोहन को मारा था।

4. अपूर्ण भूतकाल: जिस क्रिया से यह ज्ञात हो कि भूतकाल में कार्य सम्पन्न नहीं हुआ था - अभी चल रहा था, उसे अपूर्ण भूतकाल कहते हैं।
   उदाहरण: मोहन सो रहा था।

5. संदिग्ध भूतकाल: इसमें यह सन्देह बना रहता है कि भूतकाल में कार्य पूरा हुआ या नहीं।
   उदाहरण: दुकानें बंद हो चुकी होंगी।

6. हेतुहेतुमद् भूतकाल: भूतकाल में एक क्रिया के होने या न होने पर दूसरी क्रिया का होना या न होना निर्भर करता है, तो वह हेतुहेतुमद् भूतकाल क्रिया कहलाती है।
   उदाहरण: यदि वर्षा होती, तो फसल अच्छी होती।

योजक चिह्न ( - )- दो शब्दो के परस्पर संबंध बताने या उन्हें एक दूसरे के पूरक बताने के लिए इस चिन्ह का उपयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• दिन-रात सिर्फ बैठे रहने से कुछ नहीं होगा।
• रात-रात भर जाग कर मेहनत की है।
• सुबह-सुबह कौन इतना चिल्लाता है भाई?

अन्य विकल्प:

लोप चिह्न (...)- जब किसी वाक्य में कुछ पद छोड़ कर लिखने की आवश्यकता होती है तो इस चिन्ह का उपयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• अब महत्वपूर्ण समय है..... जन लगा देंगे।
• कोई मुझे कुछ मत कहे, नहीं तो.....अच्छा नहीं होगा।

उप विराम ( : )- जब किसी कही गयी बात के बारे में और अधिक विस्तार से प्रदर्शित करना हो तो उप विराम चिन्ह का प्रयोग किया जाता है। अर्थात जब भी किसी के बारे में कुछ ज्यादा जानकारी एक वाक्य में देनी हो तो इसका उपयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• अनुवाद: साहित्यिक, मशीनी और तकनीकी।
• कंप्यूटर: एक वरदान या अभिशाप
• सूरदास: एक विवेचनात्मक अध्ययन

विवरण या आदेश चिह्न ( :- )- वाक्य या वाक्यांश में किसी वस्तु या विषय आदि की सूची, निर्देश आदि का विवरण देना होता है तो इस चिन्ह का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• दैनिक वस्तुओं की सूची:- आटा, दाल, चावल, नमक आदि।
• हाईस्कूल में छह विषय होते हैं, जैसे:- हिन्दी, अंग्रेजी, गणित, सामाजिक विज्ञान, विज्ञान, कला आदि। 

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 'अपने कर्म एवं वाणी से' है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं। 

प्रमुख बिंदु

• संसार से दो अचूक शक्तियाँ है- वाणी और कर्म।
• कुछ लोग वचन से संसार को राह दिखाते है और कुछ लोग कर्म से।
• शब्द और आचार दोनों ही महान शक्तियाँ हैं।
• शब्द की महिमा अपार है।

शब्द - दो या दो से अधिक वर्णो से बने समूह को 'शब्द' कहते है जिसका कोई न कोई अर्थ निकलता हो।

• आचार - चाल - चलन।
• महान - उच्चकोटि का।
• महिमा - बड़ाई।

दिए गए विकल्पों में सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 'अपने कर्म का फल स्‍वयं भोगना पड़ता है’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर होंगे।

प्रमुख बिंदु

• 'अपनी करनी पार उतरनी' लोकोक्ति का सही अर्थ अपने कर्म का फल स्‍वयं भोगना पड़ता है है।
• लोकोक्ति - अपनी करनी पार उतरनी, अर्थ- अपने कर्म का फल स्‍वयं भोगना पड़ता है।
• वाक्य- बुढ़ापे में रमेश की स्थिति बहुत खराब हो गई है आखिर उसने भी तो अपनी बूढ़ी मां को घर से बाहर निकाल दिया था, मोहल्ले वालों ने उसे ताना दिया अपनी करनी पार उतरनी।
• अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित अर्थ हैं।

लोकोक्ति का शाब्दिक अर्थ ‘लोक में प्रचलित उक्ति’ है। जब कोई पूर्य कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धृत किया जाता है तो उसे लोकोक्ति कहते हैं।

उदाहरण: अपनी करनी पर उतरनी अर्थात किए का फल भोगना।
वाक्य- एक छोटी सी चोरी के कारण वह आज तक जेल में पश्चचाताप कर रहा है, अपनी करनी पार उतरनी।

Key Points

• The given sentence is talking about someone being kind to speak at the meeting.
• The use of the word 'kind' in the sentence indicates caring about others; friendly and generous. (परोपकारी; मित्रवत और उदार)
• Therefore, the most appropriate word to be filled in the blank is 'agree.'
• Agree - to say yes to something. (किसी बात के लिए ‘हाँ’ करना; हामी भरना)
  • Example: They failed to agree on the terms of the settlement.

Conclusion: Someone is kind enough to agree to speak at a meeting.
Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Complete Sentence: It's very kind of you to agree to speak at the meeting. (यह आपका दयालुपन है जो आप बैठक में बोलने के लिए सहमत हो गए)
Let us explore the other options:

• Divide - to cause people to disagree. (लोगों में फूट डालना या लोगों को विभक्त करना)
• Comply - to obey an order or request. (आदेश या अनुरोध को मानना)
• Deny - to refuse to admit or accept something. (किसी बात को नकारना)

Key Points

The given passage is about the

• Zenith(verb): The highest point reached by a heavenly body (= any object existing in space, especially a planet, or the sun) as it travels around, or appears to travel around, another body.(सबसे ऊंचे स्थान पर एक स्वर्गीय पिंड (= अंतरिक्ष में विद्यमान कोई वस्तु, विशेष रूप से एक ग्रह या सूर्य) पहुंचता है, क्योंकि वह चारों ओर घूमता है, या किसी अन्य पिंड के चारों ओर घूमता दिखाई देता है।)
  • : ​Example: The summer sun was at its zenith in a cloudless sky.
• Bottom(noun): The lowest part of something.(किसी चीज का सबसे निचला हिस्सा।)
  • Example: The ship had sunk to the bottom of the sea.

From the above line, we can say that: Bottom is the correct antonym of Zenith.

Let's know the meaning of other options:

• Peak(noun): The highest, strongest, or best point, value, or level of skill.(उच्चतम, सबसे मजबूत, या सर्वोत्तम बिंदु, मूल्य या कौशल का स्तर।)
• Acme(noun): The point at which something is at its best or most highly developed.(वह बिंदु जिस पर कोई चीज अपने सबसे अच्छे या सबसे अधिक विकसित की जाती है।)
• Top(noun): The highest place or part.(सर्वोच्च स्थान या भाग।)

Key Points

• The given passage is about Children's handprints found In the walls of the cave in Mexico which gives us the idea of Maya rituals.
• Let us refer to the passage - The handprints are mostly made by children, and they date back more than 1,200 years when Maya´s advanced culture was at its zenith.(हस्त चिह्न ज्यादातर बच्चों द्वारा बनाए गए हैं, और वे 1,200 साल से अधिक पुराने हैं, जब माया की उन्नत संस्कृति उसके आंचल में थी।)

From the above line, we can say that: Handprints are of children.

Let's know the meaning of words that are used in the passage:

• Culture(noun): The way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time.(जीवन का तरीका, विशेष रूप से सामान्य रीति-रिवाजों और मान्यताओं, एक विशेष समय में लोगों के समूह का।)
• Perspective(noun): A particular way of considering something.(किसी चीज़ पर विचार करने का एक विशेष तरीका।)

Key Points

• The given passage is about the Children's handprints found In the walls of the cave in Mexico which gives us the idea of Maya rituals.
• Let us refer to the passage - Dozens of black and red handprints cover the walls of the cave, and they are believed to be associated with a coming-of-age ritual of the ancient Maya.(दर्जनों काले और लाल हस्त चिह्न गुफा की दीवारों को ढँकते हैं, और माना जाता है कि वे प्राचीन माया के आने वाले युग अनुष्ठान से जुड़े थे।)

From the above line, we can say that: Black and red handprints found in the cave.
Let's know the meaning of words that are used in the passage:

• Believe(verb): To think that something is true, correct, or real.(यह सोचने के लिए कि कुछ सही, सही या वास्तविक है।)
• Rituals(noun): A set of fixed actions and sometimes words performed regularly, especially as part of a ceremony.(निश्चित क्रियाओं का एक सेट और कभी-कभी शब्दों को नियमित रूप से प्रदर्शन किया जाता है, खासकर एक समारोह के हिस्से के रूप में।)

The correct answer is '(c)'.

Key Points

• The error lies in Part (c) of the sentence.
• The preposition ‘since’ is used for a point of time and not a period of time.
  • Example: We have lived here since 1985.
• As ‘a long time’ given in the sentence is a period of time, it would be indicated by the preposition ‘for.’ ​
• 'For' can be used with other verb tenses, including the future.
  • Example: I wish they come for at least two days.
• ​Therefore, the use of 'since' in Part (c) of the sentence should be replaced by 'for' to make it grammatically correct.
• Therefore, the correct answer is '(c)'.

​Correct sentence: I hope that you remember this lesson for a long time.

Key Points

• Let us see the meaning of Brutal:
  • Brutal: cruel, violent, and completely without feelings
    • Example: He had presided over a brutal regime in which thousands of people had disappeared.
• Let us see the meanings of the given options:

• From the meanings of the given words, we can say that the word 'Savage' is an appropriate Synonym for the given word.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'Savage'.

Let’s see ANTONYM of the given words:

Key Points

• Here, the absence of a preposition between 'discovery' and 'bone ornaments' makes part R erroneous.
• We need to use the preposition 'of' after 'discovery' to show how it is related to the noun phrase 'bone ornaments'.
• A preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show a relation between the noun or pronoun with some other word in the sentence.
• 'Of' is used after a noun derived from or related to a verb.
  • He has witnessed the murder of a man.

Of is also used:

• To indicate an association between two entities, typically one of belonging, in which the first is the head of the phrase and the second is something associated with it.
  • He is a doctor of animals.
  • Have you read the plays of Shakespeare?
• To indicate the whole that includes the part connected to something before it.
  • Five of the students have completed their homework.
• Ancient: belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence.
• Ornaments: the plural of 'ornament' which is a thing used to make something look more attractive but usually having no practical purpose, especially a small object such as a figurine.

The correct answer is option 4), i.e. scarce

Key Points

Let's look at the meaning of the given and correct option-

• Abundant - plentiful or be numerous or existing in very large quantities; more than enough. ( प्रचुर मात्रा में या बहुत अधिक या बहुत बड़ी मात्रा में विद्यमान; पर्याप्त से अधिक)
• Scarce: in short supply; not existing in large quantities; hard to find. (कम आपूर्ति में; बड़ी मात्रा में मौजूद नहीं है; खोजने में मुश्किल)
• Hence from the given meanings, we find that both the words express the opposite meanings

​Let's look at the meaning of other given options-

• Sufficient: enough; as much as is necessary; enough. (पर्याप्त; जितना आवश्यक हो; पर्याप्त)
• Plentiful: be numerous; available in large amounts or numbers. (अनेक होना; बड़ी मात्रा में या संख्या में उपलब्ध)
• Adequate: satisfactory in quality or quantity; enough for what you need. (गुणवत्ता या मात्रा में संतोषजनक; आपको जो चाहिए उसके लिए पर्याप्त)