Economics Mock Test- 5 - Class 9 MCQ

Every fifth person in India is poor. (This means, roughly 270 million (or 27 crore) people in India live in poverty 2011-12.) This also means that India has the largest single concentration of the poor in the w

• Vulnerability to poverty is a measure which describes the greater probability of certain communities or individuals of becoming or remaining poor in the coming years.
• Vulnerability is determined by the options available to different communities for finding an alternative living in terms of assets, education, health and job opportunities.
• Vulnerability describes the greater probability of being more adversely affected than other people when bad times prevails for everybody, whether a flood or an earthquake or simply a shortage in the availability of jobs.

Social exclusion is the process in which individuals or people are systematically blocked from (or denied full access to) various rights, opportunities and resources that are normally available to members of a different group, and which are fundamental to social integration and observance of human rights.

In Sub - Saharan Africa the poverty actually rose from 1981 - 2001.

Every fifth person in india is poor

 for making comparisons between developing countries, many international organisations like the World Bank use a uniform standard for the poverty line: minimum availability of the equivalent of $1.90 per person per day

White revolution (Operation Flood),The revolution which aimed at milk production was started in 1970 .It's aim was to change india from a milk deficient nation to the largest producer of milk in the world.Amul is the company which intiated this journey.Dr vargeshe kurien is known as The fathere of white revolution.It had three phases:Phase I(1970-1980), Phase II(1981-1985) and Phase III (1985-1996).

An entrepreneur is a person who organises the other factors and undertakes the risks and uncertainties involved in the production. He hires the other three factors, brings them together, organises and coordinates them so as to earn maximum profit. For example, Mr. X who takes the risk of manufacturing television sets will be called an entrepreneur.

Antyodaya cards are a type of ration card issued in India. They are specifically meant for the "poorest of the poor" in society who are unable to afford basic necessities. These cards aim to provide subsidized food grains and other essential commodities to those who are most in need. Let's break down the details:
What are Antyodaya cards?
- Antyodaya cards are a type of ration card issued by the government of India.
- They are meant for the poorest of the poor in society.
- These cards are specifically designed to provide food security and other essential commodities to those who are unable to afford them.
Who are eligible for Antyodaya cards?
- The eligibility for Antyodaya cards is determined based on the economic condition of the applicant.
- The cards are typically issued to households that fall under the category of the "poorest of the poor."
- This includes people who are homeless, destitute, daily wage laborers, and other marginalized sections of society.
Benefits of Antyodaya cards:
- Antyodaya cardholders are entitled to subsidized food grains and other essential commodities.
- They can purchase these items at a lower cost compared to the open market rates.
- The cardholders are given priority in various welfare schemes and government programs.
Issuance and management of Antyodaya cards:
- The issuance and management of Antyodaya cards are handled by the respective state governments in India.
- Applicants need to submit the required documents and meet the eligibility criteria to obtain these cards.
- The cards are generally issued in the name of the head of the household.
In conclusion, Antyodaya cards are specifically meant for the "poorest of the poor" in society who are unable to afford basic necessities. These cards aim to provide subsidized food grains and other essential commodities to those who are most in need.

Seasonal unemployment occurs when people are unemployed at certain times of the year, because they work in industries where they are not needed all year round. Examples of industries where demand, production and employment are seasonal include tourism and leisure, farming, construction and retailing.

Bribery is made to escape legal convictions or unfavorable decisions and are also provided as an incentive for the payee to forge or overlook regulations that will otherwise restrict the payer for his needs. This act of bribery does not favor the country's economy.

It is termed as voluntary unemployment.

Starvation Death in Jharkhand:
Location: Palamau, Jharkhand
Explanation:
- Recently, the district of Palamau in Jharkhand witnessed a case of starvation death.
- The incident highlights the issue of food insecurity and poverty in the region.
- Starvation death occurs when an individual lacks access to sufficient food for survival, leading to severe malnutrition and ultimately death.
- Palamau, with its socio-economic challenges, has been prone to such incidents.
- The lack of proper infrastructure, poverty, and inadequate government support exacerbate the situation.
- It is essential for the government and relevant authorities to address this issue and provide necessary support to prevent such tragic incidents in the future.
- The incident in Palamau serves as a reminder of the urgent need to address food insecurity and poverty in Jharkhand and other similar regions.

Kalahandi, Kashipur, Nabarangpur and Subarnapur are the places in Odisha where some starvation death have been reported.

C is the correct option.The foodgrain stock with the Government of India was maximum in July 2002. 24.3 million tonnes is the minimum buffer stock norm for the FCI.

 A farmer with 1 hectare of land shall put under the category of small farmer. Most of the work would be done by the farmer and his family members. The farmer will normally use a pair of bullocks to plough the field. His family members would assist him in sowing the seeds. During harvest time, he may require to hire some labourers.

Fixed Land for Cultivation

1. The main problem the farmers of this village face is land - land that can be brought under cultivation.
2. In the year 1960 waste land was brought under cultivation. Today there is no scope of bringing more land under the plough. So, the farmers of Palampur are left with only a fixed area for cultivation.

Reasons for low literacy rate among females:

• Lack of equal education opportunities: One of the primary reasons for the low literacy rate among females is the lack of equal education opportunities. This could be due to various factors such as societal norms, cultural practices, and gender discrimination. Girls may face barriers in accessing schools or may be forced to drop out early to fulfill household responsibilities or get married.



• Social and cultural factors: In some societies, there is a prevailing belief that educating girls is unnecessary or less important compared to boys. This mindset can contribute to the low literacy rate among females as it discourages families from investing in their daughters' education.



• Lack of infrastructure: Inadequate school infrastructure, such as a lack of classrooms, toilets, and safe transportation, can also hinder girls' access to education. Without proper facilities, parents may be reluctant to send their daughters to school.



• Poverty and lack of income: Economic factors can play a significant role in the low literacy rate among females. Families living in poverty may prioritize the education of their sons over their daughters due to limited resources. Additionally, girls may be forced into labor or early marriages to support their families financially.



• Gaps in teacher training and gender-sensitive curriculum: The lack of trained teachers who understand the specific challenges faced by female students can impact their educational experience. Moreover, the absence of a gender-sensitive curriculum that addresses the needs and interests of girls may further discourage their participation in formal education.

Overall, addressing these barriers and promoting gender equality in education is crucial to improving the literacy rate among females. Efforts should be made to ensure equal access to education, provide supportive infrastructure, and challenge societal norms and beliefs that perpetuate gender disparities in education.

B is the correct option.The nutritional requirement recommends a national norm of “2,400” kilo calories a day for rural areas and 2,100 calories a day for urban areas, the difference being attributed to the lower rate of physical activity in urban areas.

Correct Answer :- c

Explanation:- India, the world's second fastest growing economy, has been ranked as poorer than its blighted enemy Pakistan in a United Nations report on global poverty. In absolute terms, 41.6 per cent of India's 1.1 billion people earned less than 78 pence per day compared with 22.6 per cent of Pakistan's 173 million.

Hence, Poverty ratio is twice in India as compared to Pakistan.

The Primary Healthcare Center (PHC) is the basic structural and functional unit of the public health services in developing countries.

The correct answer is B as Disguised unemployment refers to the employment of a person whose marginal productivity is zero, i.e, he does not contribute anything in the production process. If disguised unemployed people are withdrawn from a particular sector and transferred to other sectors, the productivity of the sector will remain unaffected. Such a condition exists majorly in the agricultural sector.

High Yielding Variety Seeds (HYV seeds) are seeds are of better quality than normal quality seeds. The produce from these seeds is a bit more compared to the normal ones. These seeds are a better option of seeds in order to obtain a healthy and surplus crop.

Equity Shares are not convertible. Preference shares can be converted into equity shares depend upon the terms and conditions.

Government Purchase of Food Grain for Buffer Stock

• Minimum Support Price (MSP): The government purchases food grain for making buffer stock at a price known as the Minimum Support Price (MSP). This price is set by the government to ensure that farmers receive a fair price for their produce.



• Controlled Price: The government may also purchase food grain for buffer stock at a controlled price, which is regulated by the government to stabilize market prices and prevent hoarding.



• High Price: In some cases, the government may purchase food grain at a higher price than the market price to incentivize farmers to sell their produce to the government for buffer stock purposes.



• All of the Above: The correct answer is option A, as the government typically purchases food grain for buffer stock at the Minimum Support Price (MSP), but may also consider controlled prices or higher prices based on market conditions and government policies.

The caste system divides Hindus into four main categories - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and the Shudras. Many believe that the groups originated from Brahma, the Hindu God of creation.

According to the World Bank, only about 35% of total agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated in 2010.

Operation Flood was started by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in 1970s. The objective of this programme was to create a nationwide milk grid. The result was that India became the largest producer of Milk and Milk Products. Operation flood is called White Revolution of India.

The various causes of poverty in India are— Colonial Economic Policies

(a) One historical reason for poverty in India is the low level of economic development under the British colonial administration.

(b) The policies of the colonial government ruined traditional handicrafts and discouraged developments of industries and textiles.

(c) The low rate of growth persisted until the 1980s. This resulted in less job opportunities and a low growth rate of incomes.